◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解
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| 過客 於 2003/08/25 00:47 | |
| ◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 長久以來, 「台灣主權是否未定之論」一直圍繞在所謂的「台灣問題」、「台灣統獨」、「台、中兩國糾葛」之中, 個人認為, 此亦為所有問題之基本所在; 同時, 「台灣主權是否未定之論」也是許多國家國際法學者及國內國際法學者, 以及許多有意進行瞭解,認知, 或進一步探討, 釐清與研究的議題. 但是, 在眾多論述中, 經常見著者僅引述某某條約或文獻之欲述片段, 而未能詳見全文, 對此, 個人常覺有所遺憾, 以及詳觀全文的求知慾, 以利經由對條約全文之參考中, 自行作獨立思考與判斷, 佐以眾多論述併作參考,比對, 驗證, 從而搜尋出更客觀, 更接近事實的結果, 而不侷限於眾說紛紜, 經過別人理解後的正確答案與範疇. 2003.08.24 phiau_pck 網友盛情提議:「甘脆開個欄，專門收集各種條約原文的(英&漢)，這樣連結起來比較順」, 而個人亦願意分享個人所擁有的文獻資訊, 是故, 特開此欄作為專門收集各種條約原文之處 [註:個人將不進行討論], 以供有意瞭解, 認知, 探討, 研究, 興趣, 或有需要者之使用及參考, 並希望藉此欄, 與大家一同互相分享各種文獻資訊. 另外, 衷心期盼: 藉由對此欄所收集之各種條約原文的認知,與瞭解, 對大家能有所助益---「直接由證據中, 進行獨立思考, 尋獲最接近客觀的事實真相」. | |
NO:534_1
| 過客 於 2003/08/25 00:55 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1941.08.14《大西洋憲章》英文 英美共同宣言，又稱大西洋憲章。 全文如下： AUGUST 14, 1941 The President of the United States of America and the Prime Minister, Mr. Churchill, representing His Majestys Government in the United Kingdom, being met together, deem it right to make known certain common principles in the national policies of their respective countries on which they base their hopes for a better future for the world. First, their countries seek no aggrandizement, territorial or other; Second, they desire to see no territorial changes that do not accord with the freely expressed wishes of the peoples concerned; Third, they respect the right of all peoples to choose the form of government under which they will live; and they wish to see sovereign rights and self government restored to those who have been forcibly deprived of them; Fourth, they will endeavor, with due respect for their existing obligations, to further the enjoyment by all States, great or small, victor or vanquished, of access, on equal terms, to the trade and to the raw materials of the world which are needed for their economic prosperity; Fifth, they desire to bring about the fullest collaboration between all nations in the economic field with the object of securing, for all, improved labor standards, economic advancement and social security; Sixth, after the final destruction of the Nazi tyranny, they hope to see established a peace which will afford to all nations the means of dwelling in safety within their own boundaries, and which will afford assurance that all the men in all lands may live out their lives in freedom from fear and want; Seventh, such a peace should enable all men to traverse the high seas and oceans without hindrance; Eighth, they believe that all of the nations of the world, for realistic as well as spiritual reasons must come to the abandonment of the use of force. Since no future peace can be maintained if land, sea or air armaments continue to be employed by nations which threaten, or may threaten, aggression outside of their frontiers, they believe, pending the establishment of a wider and permanent system of general security, that the disarmament of such nations is essential. They will likewise aid and encourage all other practicable measure which will lighten for peace-loving peoples the crushing burden of armaments. Franklin D. Roosevelt Winston S. Churchill
全文如下： 一、兩國不自行擴張軍力或領域或其他。 簽署者：佛蘭克林•羅斯福、文斯敦•邱吉爾 －〈革命文獻〉，抗戰時期，第四十七冊（上），「聯合國組統織經過（上）」，頁二八，《蔣中正總統檔案》；秦孝儀主編：《中華民國重要史料初編－對日抗戰時期》（臺北：中國國民黨中央委員會黨史委員會，民國七十年九月，初版），第三編，戰時外交，頁七九三至∼七九四。 （全文資料參考自：國史館印行 《中華民國與聯合國史料彙編 籌設篇》p.2）
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NO:534_2
| 過客 於 2003/08/25 01:04 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1942.12.08 日本「宣戰詔書」-日文 http://www.ioc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~worldjpn/documents/texts/docs/19411208.O1J.html
http://www.ioc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~worldjpn/documents/texts/docs/19411208.O1E.html Database of Postwar Japanese Politics and Diplomacy [Title] Imperial Rescript, December 8, 1941
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NO:534_3
| 過客 於 2003/08/25 01:18 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1945.09.02「麥克阿瑟第一號命令」英文 Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers 2 September 1945 Shortly after the signing of the Instrument of Surrender in Tokyo Bay, General of the Army Douglas MacArthur, Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers, issued his General Order no. 1, which was transmitted to Japanese forces by the Imperial General Headquarters. The enclosure is the final form approved by the President of the United States on 17 August 1945 and issued by the Imperial General Headquarters on 2 September 1945. Note by the Secretaries JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF INSTRUMENTS FOR THE SURRENDER OF JAPAN GENERAL ORDER NO.1 General order No.1 The President approved it with the understanding that it is subject to change both by further instructions issued through the Joint Chiefs of Staff and by changes in matters of detail made by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers in the light of the operational situation as known by him. ENCLOSURE (GENERAL ORDER NO.1) SWNCC21/8 The Imperial General Headquarters by direction of the Emperor, and pursuant to the surrender to the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers of all Japanese armed forces by the Emperor, hereby orders all of its commanders in Japan and abroad to cause the Japanese armed forces and Japanese-controlled forces under their command to cease hostilities at once, to lay down their arms, to remain in their present locations and to surrender unconditionally to commanders acting on behalf of the United States, the Republic of China, the United Kingdom and the British Empire, and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, as indicated hereafter or as may be further directed by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers. Immediate contact will be made with the indicated commanders, or their designated representatives, subject to any changes in detail prescribed by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers, and their instructions will be completely and immediately carried out. a. The senior Japanese commanders and all ground, sea, air and auxiliary forces within China (excluding Manchuria), Formosa and French Indo-China north of 16 north latitude shall surrender to Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek. b. The senior Japanese commanders and all ground, sea, air and auxiliary forces within Manchuria, Korea north of 38 north latitude and Karafuto shall surrender to the Commander in Chief of Soviet Forces in the Far East. c. The senior Japanese commanders and all ground, sea, air and auxiliary forces within the Andamans, Nicobars, Burma, Thailand, French Indo-China south of 16 degrees north latitude, Malaya, Borneo, Netherlands Indies, New Guinea, Bismarcks and the Solomons, shall surrender to (the Supreme Allied Commander South East Asia Command or the Commanding General, Australian Forces--the exact breakdown between Mountbatten and the Australians to be arranged between them and the details of this paragraph then prepared by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers). d. The senior Japanese commanders and all ground, sea, air and auxiliary forces in the Japanese Mandated Islands, Ryukyus, Bonins, and other Pacific Islands shall surrender to the Commander in Chief U. S. Pacific Fleet. e. The Imperial General Headquarters, its senior commanders, and all ground, sea, air and auxiliary forces in the main islands of Japan, minor islands adjacent thereto, Korea south of 38 north latitude, and the Philippines shall surrender to the Commander in Chief, U. S. Army Forces in the Pacific. f. The above indicated commanders are the only representatives of the Allied Powers empowered to accept surrenders and all surrenders of Japanese Forces shall be made only to them or to their representatives. The Japanese Imperial General Headquarters further orders its commanders in Japan and abroad to disarm completely all forces of Japan or under Japanese control, wherever they may be situated and to deliver intact and in safe and good condition all weapons and equipment at such time and at such places as may be prescribed by the Allied Commanders indicated above. (Pending further instructions, the Japanese police force in the main islands of Japan will be exempt from this disarmament provision. The police force will remain at their posts and shall be held responsible for the preservation of law and order. The strength and arms of such a police force will be prescribed.) 2. The Japanese Imperial General Headquarters shall furnish to the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers, within (time limit) of receipt of this order, complete information with respect to Japan and all areas under Japanese control as follows: (a) Lists of all land, air and anti-aircraft units showing locations and strengths in officers and men. (b) Lists of all aircraft, military, naval and civil giving complete information as to the number, type, location and condition of such aircraft. (c) Lists of all Japanese and Japanese-controlled naval vessels, surface and submarine and auxiliary naval craft in or out of commission and under construction giving their position, condition and movement. (d) Lists of all Japanese and Japanese-controlled merchant ships of over100 gross tons, in or out of commission and under construction, including merchant ships formerly belonging to any of the United Nations which are now in Japanese hands, giving their position con dition and movement. (e) Complete and detailed information, accompanied by maps, showing location and layouts of all mines, minefields and other obstacles to movement by land, sea or air and the safety lanes in connection therewith. (f) Locations and descriptions of all military installations and establishments, including airfields, seaplane bases, anti-aircraft defenses, ports and naval bases, storage depots, permanent and temporary land and coast fortifications, fortresses and other fortified areas. (g) Locations of all camps and other places of detention of United Nations prisoners of war and civilian internees. 3. Japanese armed forces and civil aviation authorities will insure that all Japanese military, naval and civil aircraft remain on the ground on the water or abroad ship until further notification of the disposition to be made of them. 4. Japanese or Japanese-controlled naval or merchant vessels of all types will be maintained without damage and will undertake no movement pending instructions from the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers. Vessels at sea will immediately render harmless and throw overbroad explosives of all types. Vessels not at sea will immediately remove explosives of all types to safe storage ashore. 5. Responsible Japanese or Japanese-controlled military and civil authorities will insure that: a. All Japanese mines, minefields and other obstacles to movement by land, sea and air, wherever located, be removed according to instructions of the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers. b. All aids to navigation be reestablished at once. c. All safety lanes be kept open and clearly marked pending accomplishment of a. above. 6. Responsible Japanese and Japanese-controlled military and civil authorities will hold intact and in good condition pending further instructions from the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers the following: a. All arms, ammunition, explosives, military equipment, stores and supplies and other implements of war of all kinds and all other war material (except as specifically prescribed in Section 4 of this order). b. All land, water and air transportation and communication facilities and equipment. c. All military installations and establishments, including airfields, seaplane bases, anti-aircraft defenses, ports and naval bases, storage depots, permanent and temporary land and coast fortifications, fortresses and other fortified areas, together with plans and drawings of all such fortifications, installations and establishments. d. All factories, plants, shops, research institutions, laboratories, testing stations, technical data, patents, plans, drawings and inventions designed or intended to produce or facilitate the production or use of all implements of war and other material and property used by or intended for use by any military or paramilitary organizations in connection with their operations. 7. The Japanese Imperial General Headquarters shall furnish to the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers, within (time limit) of receipt of this order, complete lists of all the items specified in paragraph a, b and d of Section 6 above, indicating the numbers, types and locations of each. 8. The manufacture and distribution of all arms, ammunition and implements of war will cease forthwith. 9. With respect to United Nations prisoners of war and civilian internees in the hands of Japanese or Japanese-controlled authorities: a. The safety and well-being of all United Nations prisoners of war and civilian internees will be scrupulously preserved to include the administrative and supply services essential to provide adequate food shelter, clothing and medical care until such responsibility is undertaken by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers; b. Each camp or other place of detention of United Nations prisoners of war and civilian internees together with nits equipment, stores, records, arms and ammunition will be delivered immediately to the command of the senior officer or designated representative of the prisoner of war and civilian internees; c. As directed by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers, prisoners of war and civilian internees will be transported to places of safety where they can be accepted by allied authorities; d. The Japanese Imperial General Headquarters will furnish to the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers ,within (time limit)of the receipt of this order, complete lists of all United Nations prisoners of war and civilian internees, indicating their location. 10. All Japanese and Japanese-controlled military and civil authorities shall aid and assist the occupation of Japan and Japanese-controlled areas by forces of the Allied Powers. 11. The Japanese Imperial General Headquarters and appropriate Japanese officials shall be prepared on instructions from Allied occupation commanders to collect and deliver all arms in the possession of the Japanese civilian population. 12. This and all subsequent instructions issued by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers or other allied military authorities will be scrupulously and promptly obeyed by Japanese and Japanese-controlled military and civil officials and private persons. Any delay or failure to comply with the provisions of this or subsequent orders and any action which the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers determines to be detrimental to the Allied Powers, will incur drastic and summary punishment at the hands of allied military authorities and the Japanese Government. －－－－－－－－－－－ Source: Congressional Record, 6 September 1945.
全文如下： 盟國統帥總司令部指令第一號 依據１９４５年９月２日日本國天皇及日本帝國政府之代表，暨日本帝國大本營所簽署之投降文件，應對日本國軍隊與日本國管制下之一切部隊，以及相關非軍事性機構，毫無延遲地發佈本指令添附書「一般命令第一號陸、海軍」與擴充命令所必要之訓令，並充分且完全地予以遵守。 添附書 一、帝國大本營茲奉敕命及天皇御旨，下令所有日本國軍隊向盟軍統帥投降，並要求所有現在日本國內及國外之指揮官，立即終止其在位置，且依前述指示或盟軍最高統帥之追加指示，向以合眾國、中華民國、聯合王國暨大英帝國及蘇維埃社會主義共和國聯邦名義行動之各指揮官進行無條件投降，並應立即聯終前述指示之指揮官及其指定之代表者。但相關細目得依盟軍統帥之指示而變更，且應完全且即時實行前述指揮官及其代表者之命令。 a.位於中國(滿洲除外)、台灣及北緯十六度以北法屬印度支那之前日本國指揮官，以及該地駐屯之所有陸、海、空和後備部隊，向蔣介石委員長投降。 日本帝國大本營更須下令日本國國內及國外之指揮官，無論其處於任何位置，應完全解除日本國軍隊及受日本國指揮之軍隊武裝，且依前記盟國司令官指定之時間和地點，以現狀並儘量維持安全與良好狀態，繳交自己兵器及裝備。在接獲追加指示之前，位於日本國本土之日本國警察機關得免於適用本解除武裝之規定。警察機關應駐留於其部署地區，負責維持法律及秩序。前記警察機關之人員及武器須服膺指示。 二、日本帝國大本營在接獲盟國統帥之本指令後，塵毫無遲延地完整提供關於日本國及日本國統治下所有地域之下列諸項資料。 a.所有陸、海、空及防空部隊之位置和官兵數目覽表。 三、在接獲進一步通告之前，日本軍及民間航空所部當局之一切日本國陸、海軍非軍用航空機，須確實停留於其所在之陸上、海上及艦上之定點。 四、在接獲盟國統帥指示之前，日本國或日本國控制下久所有型式海軍艦艇商船，須毫無損傷地加以保存且不得企圖加以移動。至於航海中之船舶則須立即將所有種類之爆炸物無害地拋入海中，而非航海中之船舶則須立即將所有種類之爆炸物移至沿岸安全貯藏處所。 五、日本國及日本國控制下負有責任之軍部及行政當局，須確實執行下列事項： a.所有日本國內埋藏地雷、水雷及其他對陸、海、空行動之障礙物，無其位於任何地點，均須依盟國統帥之指示予以去除。 六、日本國及日本國控制下負有責任之軍部及行政當局，在接獲盟國統帥前一切指示之前，應將下列事物保持原狀且儘量維持良好狀態。 a.所有兵器、彈藥、爆炸物、軍用裝備、貯藏品及軍需品等所有種類之軍用器材及一切軍用資材（除本指令第四項之特別規定外） 八、所有兵器、彈藥及軍用器材之製造及分配應立即終止。 九、關於日本國或日本國統治下官憲權限內之盟國俘虜及被拘留者： a.須細心注意維持所有盟國俘虜及被拘留者之安全及福祉，至前記盟國統帥接替其責任為止，須提供包括適切糧食、居住、被服及醫療在內之管理及補給業務。 日本帝國大本營於接受本命令之後，應毫無延遲地將表示所有盟國俘虜及被拘留者所在地點之資料表，提供給盟國統帥。 十、所有日本國及日本國統治下之軍部及行當局，應協助盟國軍隊占領日本國及日本國統治地域。 十一、日本帝國大本營及日本國該當官憲應做成準備，在盟國占領軍指揮官有所指示之際，收集且移交一般日本國國民所有之一切武器。 十二、日本國及日本國統治下之軍部、行政官憲及私人，應嚴格且迅速服從本命令及爾後盟國統帥或其他盟國軍部官憲所發出之一切指示，若有遲延或不遵守本命和爾後任何命令之規定者，以及被盟國統帥認定為係對盟國有害之行為時，得由盟國軍部官憲及日本國政府加以嚴重且迅速之處罰。 十三、對於應提供給盟國統帥之前記第二項、第七項及第九項所需之資訊，日本國大本營立即於最短時間內進行通報。 （全文資料參考自：Nisuke Ando（安藤仁介）著 李明峻譯 國立編譯館出版 《國際法上的佔領、投降與私有財產》p.193） | |
NO:534_4
| 過客 於 2003/08/25 01:38 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1945.08.12《美國總統指派麥克阿瑟為盟國統帥》中文 美國總統杜魯門於１９４５年８月１２日指派麥克阿瑟將軍為盟邦統帥，接受日本投降。 全文如下： 美國總統指派麥克阿瑟將軍為盟邦統帥受降令 向盟邦統帥之指示： 一、依照美中英蘇政府之協議，為強制執行日本之投降目的起見，指派一盟邦統帥，茲指派麾下為盟邦統帥。 二、麾下需要一日本天皇簽署之公告，授權於其代表簽署投降文件。日本天皇所簽署之文告應在實際上照附後之方式（附件一）。麾下應採各項必需步驟向日本天皇、日本政府及日本大本營之正式授權代表，要求並取得其簽署之投降文件。 三、余已請中英蘇三國首領各指派一代表，在投降之時間地點，與麾下同行出席。為此目的，余已指派尼米茲海軍元帥為美國代表出席。余於獲悉他國指派之人員時，當即通知麾下。麾下應作適當之佈置。 四、日本軍隊全盤投降既經接受之後，麾下應要求日本大本營頒發通令，將投降辦法及其他實施投降之細則通知日本各司令官，無論其在何地。對於日本國外部隊向各有關盟軍司令投降。麾下應與日本大本營實施任何必需之聯繫。 五、自投降之時起，天皇與日本政府之統治國家之權力，應聽從麾下，並由麾下採取認為適當各項步驟，以實施投降條件。 六、麾下對有關如同盟國為實施投降條件而或須派駐日本之陸海空軍，執行最高命令。 七、麾下受任盟邦最高統帥，自收到此指示之時起生效。 一九四五年八月十二日下午六時 余已批准下述致麥克阿瑟元帥之通令，包含日本軍隊投降之詳細規定。
一、帝國大本營遵奉日皇指之指示，並依照日皇代表日本所有軍隊向盟邦統帥之投降，茲令所有日本國內外之司令官，使在其指揮之下之日本軍隊及為日本管制之軍隊，立刻停止戰鬥行為，放下武器，駐在其現時所在之地點，並向代表美中英蘇之司令官，如下列所述或如如盟邦統帥以後所指示者，無條件投降。除盟邦統帥對於詳細規定有所更改外，應迅速與下述之司令官取得連繫。各司令官之命令應立即完全執行。 甲、在中國(滿洲除外)，台灣及北緯十六度以北之法屬越南境內之日本高級將領及所有陸海空軍及附屬部隊應向蔣委員長投降。（極機密） 乙.在滿洲，北緯三十八度以北之高麗部份及庫頁島境內之日本高級將領及所有陸海空軍及附屬部隊應向遠東蘇軍總司令官投降。 丙.在安達曼群島、尼科巴群島、緬甸、泰國、北緯十六度以南之法屬越南、馬來亞、婆羅洲、荷屬印度、新幾內亞、俾斯麥群島及蘇間群島境內之日本高級將領及所有陸海空軍及附屬部隊應向東南亞盟軍統帥或澳大利亞軍隊之司令官投降，蒙巴頓與澳軍之確實劃分，由其自行商定後，再由盟邦統帥對於此節詳細規定。 丁.在日本委任統治各島，琉球、小笠原群島及其他太平洋島嶼之日本高級將領及所有陸海空軍及附屬部隊應向美國太平洋艦隊總司令投降。 戊.日本大本營及在日本各本土附近各小島，北緯三十八度以南之高麗及菲律賓之日本高級將領及所有陸海空軍及附屬部隊應向美國太平洋艦隊陸軍總司令投降。 己.上述各司令官為惟一當權接受投降之盟邦代表，所有日本軍隊應只向彼等或其代表投降。 日本帝國大本營並命令其在日本及國外之各司令官，將日本部隊及在日本策劃下之部隊，無論在何地點完全解除武器，並在盟邦統帥所指定之時間及地點，將所有武器及裝備完全繳出。 （一）、在日本本土之日本警察，在另有命令以前，得免受此項解除武裝之規定。警察部隊各留崗位，並應負責維持法律與秩序。此類警察部隊之人數及武裝另行規定之。 （二）、日本帝國大本營應在收到此命令（若干日）內，以關於日本及在日本管制下各地區之全部情報供給盟邦統帥，如下： 甲.關於一切陸上空中及防空之各表，說明此類官佐士兵之地點與人數。 三、在接獲進一步通告之前，日本軍及民間航空所部當局之一切日本國陸、海軍非軍用航空機，須確實停留於其所在之陸上、海上及艦上之定點。 四、在接獲盟國統帥指示之前，日本國或日本國控制下久所有型式海軍艦艇商船，須毫無損傷地加以保存且不得企圖加以移動。至於航海中之船舶則須立即將所有種類之爆炸物無害地拋入海中，而非航海中之船舶則須立即將所有種類之爆炸物移至沿岸安全貯藏處所。 五、日本國及日本國控制下負有責任之軍部及行政當局，須確實執行下列事項： a.所有日本國內埋藏地雷、水雷及其他對陸、海、空行動之障礙物，無其位於任何地點，均須依盟國統帥之指示予以去除。 六、日本國及日本國控制下負有責任之軍部及行政當局，在接獲盟國統帥前一切指示之前，應將下列事物保持原狀且儘量維持良好狀態。 a.所有兵器、彈藥、爆炸物、軍用裝備、貯藏品及軍需品等所有種類之軍用器材及一切軍用資材（除本指令第四項之特別規定外） 八、所有兵器、彈藥及軍用器材之製造及分配應立即終止。 九、關於日本國或日本國統治下官憲權限內之盟國俘虜及被拘留者： a.須細心注意維持所有盟國俘虜及被拘留者之安全及福祉，至前記盟國統帥接替其責任為止，須提供包括適切糧食、居住、被服及醫療在內之管理及補給業務。 b.應立即將盟國俘虜反被拘留者所在之收容所及其他拘留所之設備、貯藏品、記錄、正器及彈藥，移交給俘虜及被拘留者中原任軍官者或指定之代表，並置於其指揮之下。 c.依盟國統帥所指示之地點，將俘虜及被拘留者運送至盟國官憲能交接之安全處所。 日本帝國大本營於接受本命令之後，應毫無延遲地將表示所有盟國俘虜及被拘留者所在地點之資料表，提供給盟國統帥。 十、所有日本國及日本國統治下之軍部及行當局，應協助盟國軍隊占領日本國及日本國統治地域。 十一、日本帝國大本營及日本國該當官憲應做成準備，在盟國占領軍指揮官有所指示之際，收集且移交一般日本國國民所有之一切武器。 十二、日本國及日本國統治下之軍部、行政官憲及私人，應嚴格且迅速服從本命令及爾後盟國統帥或其他盟國軍部官憲所發出之一切指示，若有遲延或不遵守本命和爾後任何命令之規定者，以及被盟國統帥認定為係對盟國有害之行為時，得由盟國軍部官憲及日本國政府加以嚴重且迅速之處罰。 十三、對於應提供給盟國統帥之前記第二項、第七項及第九項所需之資訊，日本國大本營立即於最短時間內進行通報。 （全文資料參考自：陳志奇輯編 國立編繹館主編 渤海堂文化公司印行 《中華民國外交史料彙編 十五》p.7059） | |
NO:534_5
| 過客 於 2003/08/25 01:41 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1942.01.02 蔣介石受任聯合國中國戰區最高統帥之責 復羅斯福總統接受聯合國中國戰區 ---------------------------- 內容來源：卷三十七 別錄 隸屬章節：別錄 ＼中華民國三十一年 版面原件：第238頁 〔第238頁〕 ——中華民國三十一年一月二日—— 奉來電，承囑擔任聯合國現在與將來在中國戰區以及越南、泰國境內聯合國軍隊可能到達區域一切軍隊最高統帥之責，深知此項任務，對有關各國及其人民與我中國本身所負責任之重大，就個人能力與資歷言，實不敢貿然應命，然念此統帥部成立之後，足使中國戰區中聯合國間得統一其戰略，促進其全盤作戰之功效，既經閣下徵得英、荷政府之同意，作此建議，自當義不容辭，敬謹接受。蓋諸國軍隊為共同需要而作有效之合作，實為目前超越一切之急務，幸恃閣下之發動與努力，使此目的與方法的統一，已近成功之境；鄙人不敏，自當為諸聯合國之共同利益而奮鬥。所可喜者，諸聯合國今已?手聯合其國內資力、交通，以及在各戰線之戰鬥部隊矣。此種正在發展中之統一傾向，為全部中國民眾所一致擁護者也，今遵尊囑，竭誠歡迎美、英代表之立即派定，組織聯合作戰計畫參謀部，至蘇聯代表問題，當俟該參謀部成立開始工作後，再加考量，建議與印度英軍司令及南太平洋戰區司令交換聯繫一節，俟中國戰區統帥部及其參謀部成立之後，當可立即實行。此後發展每一階段皆盼賜示卓見也。 | |
NO:534_6
| 過客 於 2003/08/25 01:54 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1945.09.09「中國戰區最高統帥命令第一號」中文 蔣中正於１９４５年９月９日以中國戰區最高統帥身份對中國戰區內投降日軍發出第一號命令，由何應欽上將面交駐華日軍最高指揮官岡村寧次。 蔣介石下達之“第一號命令”，內容冗長，全約２５００字，款、項、節、目十分繁瑣。其中不外重申《降書》及歷次《備忘錄》的內容。 全文如下： 一、根據日本帝國政府，日本帝國大本營向聯合國最高統帥之降書，及聯合國最高統帥對日本帝國所下之第一號命令，茲對中國戰區內中華民國(遼寧、吉林、黑龍江三省除外)台灣以及越南北緯十六度以北地區之日本陸、海、空軍，頒佈本命令。 二、貴官應對上述區域內投降之日本陸、海、空軍各地區司令官及其所屬部隊發佈下列令令，並保證其完全遵行。 三、凡向本委員長投降而在中國臺灣（含澎湖列島）及越南之日軍司令部，在接到此項命令後，須即將各該區有關下列各項之資料，向中國陸軍總司令何塵欽上將提出報告。 四、向本委員長投降之各地日軍司令部，須遵照各區受降主官之命，報告各該區日僑之姓名住地，並收繳日僑所有一切武器，通知王體日僑，在本委員長代表何應欽上將所指定之官吏未發布處置該項日僑命令以前，須留在其現住地，或指定之地點，不得離開。 五、日軍及日軍控制下之一切軍政官員，須協助本委員長之代表何應欽上將所指定之軍隊收復台灣（含澎湖列島）、越南北緯十六度以北地區，及中華民國境內各日本軍占領區。 六、本命令所規定之各項，及本委員長之代表何應欽上將嗣後所發佈之命令，日軍及日軍控制下一切文武員及人民，須立刻敬謹服從，對於本命令或此後之命令所規定之各項，倘有延或不能施行，或經本委員長或何應欽上將認為有妨礙盟軍情事，將立刻嚴懲違犯者及其負責之軍官。 右令 中國戰區最高統帥特級上將 蔣中正 傳達法：由中國戰區中國陸軍總司令陸軍一級上將何應欽面交駐華日軍最高指揮官陸軍大將崗村寧次 （全文資料參考自：陳志奇輯編 國立編繹館主編 渤海堂文化公司印行 《中華民國外交史料彙編 十五》p.7323）
9 September 1945 Immediately following the signing of the Act of Surrender ending the war in the China Theatre, General Ho Ying-chen handed Order No. 1 of Generalissimo Chiang to Lieut. Gen. Okamura Yasutsugu as a supplement to the Act of Surrender. －－－－－－－－－－－ I. This is order No. 1 of Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek to the Japanese forces in China, excluding Manchuria, Formosa, and French Indo-China north of 16 degrees of north latitude, which were surrendered under the act of 9 September 1945. This order supplements the acts of surrender to the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers and his General Order No. 1. II. The Japanese Commanders surrendering the Japanese forces in the areas named above will issue the following order to and insure compliance of such order by all forces under their command. The Emperor of Japan, the Japanese government and the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters have recognized complete military defeat of the Japanese military forces by the Allied forces and have surrendered unconditionally all Japanese forces to the Allied Powers. All the Japanese ground, sea, air, and auxiliary forces within China, excluding Manchuria, Formosa and Indo-China north of 16 degrees of north latitude, have been surrendered unconditionally to Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek and henceforth all such surrendered Japanese forces will be subject to the control of the Generalissimo. Their movements and activities will be dictated by him, and they will obey only orders or proclamations issued or authorized by him, or orders of their Japanese commanders based upon his instructions. The surrendered Japanese forces are now non-combatant troops and all hostilities will cease. All such Japanese forces will remain at the stations they now occupy and await further orders from the Generalissimo. They will assemble, preserve without damage, and turn over to forces specified by the Generalissimo all arms, ammunition, equipment, supplies, records, information and assets of any kind belonging to the Japanese forces and auxiliaries. All Japanese aircraft, naval units and merchant ships in the areas named above will be held without damage where they are at present located, except those stated in the Generalissimo’s proclamation No. 1. Boats on the Yangtze will be assembled at Ichang. Explosives aboard vessels will be removed immediately to safe storage ashore. Commanders of the Japanese military units and civilian auxiliaries will maintain discipline and order and will be responsible for the behaviour of their troops. They will see that their forces do not harm or molest inhabitants, or pillage, loot, or bring unauthorized damage to their property. With respect to the United Nations prisoners of war and civilian internees in the hands of the Japanese or Japanese controlled authorities:
The safety and well being of all United Nations prisoners of war and civilian internees will be scrupulously preserved, to include the administrative and supply services essential to provide adequate food, shelter, clothing, and medical care until such responsibility is undertaken by the Generalissimo or his authorized representatives. Each camp or other place of detention of United Nations prisoners of war and civilian internees together with its equipment, stores, records, arms, and ammunition will be delivered immediately to the command of the senior officer or designated representative of the prisoners of war and civilian internees. As directed by the Generalissimo, or his duly authorized representatives, prisoners of war and civilian internees will be transported to places of safety where they can be accepted by Allied authorities. The Supreme Headquarters in China, Formosa and Indochina of each of the Japanese military forces and auxiliaries which have surrendered to the Generalissimo will furnish him within time limit of this order, complete lists of all United Nations prisoners of war and civilian internees indicating their location. Pending further orders the Japanese forces surrendered to the Generalissimo will continue to operate their lines of services and supply essential to provide food, clothing, medical and other subsistence supplies to feed and supply their own forces and persons for whom they are responsible. Responsible Japanese or Japanese controlled military and civil authorities will insure that:
All Japanese mines and minefields and other obstacles to movement by land, sea, and air, wherever located will be removed according to instructions of the Generalissimo or his representatives. All safety lanes are to be kept open and clearly marked pending accomplishment of the above. All land, water, and air transportation and communications facilities and equipment are to be held intact and maintained in good condition. All military installations and establishment including airfields, seaplane bases, aircraft defences, ports and naval bases, storage depots, permanent and temporary land end coastal fortifications, fortresses, and other fortifications, installations and establishments, all factories, plants, ships, research institutions, laboratories, testing storage depots, permanent and plans, drawings and inventions designed or intended to produce or to facilitate the production on and of all implements of war and other material and property used by or intended for use by military or semi-military organizations in connection with its operations are to be held intact and maintained in good condition. III. The Supreme Headquarters in China, Formosa, and French Indo-China of the forces which have been surrendered to the Generalissimo within the time limit of the receipt of this order will furnish complete information for their respective areas concerning the following: Lists of all land, air, and anti-aircraft units showing locations and strengths in officers and men. Lists of all aircraft military, naval, and civil, giving complete information as to the number, type, location, and condition of such aircraft. Lists of all Japanese and Japanese controlled naval vessels, surface and submarines and auxiliary naval craft in or out of commission and under construction, giving their position and condition. List of, and position and condition of, all Japanese and Japanese controlled merchant ships of over 100 gross tonnes in or out of commission and under construction, including merchant ships formerly belonging to any of the United Nations which are now in the Japanese hands. Complete and detailed information accompanied by maps, showing locations and layouts of all the mines, minefields, and other obstacles to movement by land, sea, or air, and the safety lanes in connection therewith. Locations and descriptions of all military installations and establishments, including airfields, seaplane bases, anti-aircraft defenses, ports and naval bases, storage depots, permanent and temporary land and coast fortifications, fortresses and other fortified areas. Location of all camps and other places of detention of United Nations prisoners of war and civilian internees required under paragraph II F above. IV. The Supreme Headquarters in China, Formosa, and Indo-China of the forces surrendered to the Generalissimo shall be prepared, on instructions from the occupation commanders representing the Generalissimo to furnish the names and addresses of Japanese civilians residing in their respective areas and to collect and deliver all arms in the possession of such Japanese civilian population. The Headquarters named above will immediately notify all Japanese civilians that until further notice from appropriate authorities representing the Generalissimo they will remain in the vicinity of their present residence and will keep the local Japanese commander advised of their whereabouts. CHIANG KAI-SHEK －－－－－－－－－－ Source: Tsao Wen-yen, ed. Chinese Yearbook 1944-1945. Council of International Affairs, Chungking. | |
NO:534_7
| 過客 於 2003/08/25 04:59 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1943.12.01 俗謂:《開羅宣言》- 英文 －－－－－－－－－－－－－ PRESS COMMUNIQUE Preseident Roosevelt, Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek and Prime Minister Churchill, together with their respective military and diplomatic advisers, have completed a conference in North Africa. The following general statement was issued: The several military missions have agreed upon future military operations against Japan. The three great Allies expressed their resolve to bring unrelenting pressure against their brutal enemies The three great Allies are fighting this war to restrain and punish the aggression of Japan. They covet no gain for themselves and have no thought of territorial expansion. It is their purpose that Japan shall be stripped of all the islands in the Pacific which she has seized or occupied since the beginning of the first World War in 1914, and that all the territories Japan has stolen from the Chinese, such as Manchuria, Formosa, and the Pescadores, shall be restored to the Republic of China. Japan will also be expelled from all other territories which she has taken by violence and greed. The aforesaid three great powers, mindful of the enslavement of the people of Korea, are determined that in due course Korea shall become free and independent. With these object in view, the three Allies in harmony with those of the United Nations at war with Japan, will continue to persevere in the serious and prolonged operations necessary to 1943.12.01 俗謂之《開羅宣言》-中譯 －－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
無人簽字的開羅宣言就在美國聯邦資料中心經美國國務院編入「美國一七七六年至一九四九年締結之條約及其他國務協定彙編」(Treaties and Other International Agreements of the United States of America, 1776-1949)
－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ 羅斯福總統、蔣介石委員長、邱吉爾首相，偕同各該國軍事與外交顧問，已在北非舉行會議完畢，發表概括聲明如下： 三國軍事方面人員，關於今後對日作戰計畫，已獲得一致意見。三大盟國決以不鬆 弛之壓力，從海、陸、空各方面加諸殘暴之敵人，此項壓力已在增長之中。 我三大盟國此次進行戰爭之目的，在制止及懲罰日本之侵略，三國絕不為自己固利 ，亦無拓展疆土之意思。三國之宗旨，在剝奪日本自一九一四年第一次世界大戰開 始後，在太平洋上所奪得或占領之一切島嶼，及使日本在中國所竊取之領土，如滿洲，臺灣及澎湖群島等歸還中華民國。其他，日本以武力或貪慾所攫取之土地，亦務將日本驅逐出境。我三大盟國稔知朝鮮人民所受之奴隸待遇，決定在相當時期使朝鮮自由獨立。 基於以上各項目的，三大盟國將繼續堅決進行其重大而長期之戰鬥，以獲得日本無條件之投降。 | |
NO:534_8
| 過客 於 2003/08/25 05:09 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1945.02.11《雅爾塔協定》-英文 http://www.ioc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~worldjpn/documents/texts/docs/19450211.T1E.html Database of Postwar Japanese Politics and Diplomacy [Title] Yalta Agreements
[Full text] l . The status quo in Outer-Mongolia (The Mongolian Peoples Republic) shall be preserved; 2. The former rights of Russia violated by the treacherous attack of Japan in 1904 shall be restored, viz: (a) the southern part of Sakhalin as well as all the islands adjacent to it shall be returned to the Soviet Union, (b) the commercial port of Dairen shall be internationalized, the preeminent interests of the Soviet Union in this port being safeguarded and the lease of Port Arthur as a naval base of the USSR restored, (c) the Chinese-Eastern Railroad and the South-Manchurian Railroad which provides an outlet to Dairen shall be jointly operated by the establishment of a joint Soviet-Chinese Company it being understood that the preeminent interests of the Soviet Union shall be safeguarded and that China shall retain full sovereignty in Manchuria; 3. The Kuril islands shall be handed over to the Soviet Union. It is understood, that the agreement concerning Outer-Mongolia and the ports and railroads referred to above will require concurrence of Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek. The President will take measures in order to obtain this concurrence on advice from Marshal Stalin. The Heads of the three Great Powers have agreed that these claims of the Soviet Union shall be unquestionably fulfilled after Japan has been defeated. For its part the Soviet Union expresses its readiness to conclude with the National Government of China a pact of friendship and alliance between the USSR and China in order to render assistance to China with its armed forces for the purpose of liberating China from the Japanese yoke. February 11, 1945 J. STALIN FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT WINSTON S. CHURCHILL
在這份協議書上，同時規定蘇聯必須與中國國民政府簽訂一項《中蘇友好同盟條約》，以便知照并正式得到蔣介石的認可。 《中蘇友好同盟條約》隨後於1945.08.14簽訂。 簽訂日：1945.02.11 《雅爾塔協定》全文如下：
一、外蒙古（即後來的蒙古人民共和國）的現狀須予維持。 二、由日本1904年背信棄義進攻所破壞的俄國以前權益須予恢復。即： （甲）庫頁島南部及鄰近一些島嶼須交還蘇聯。 （乙）大連商業港須國際化，蘇聯在該港的優越權益須予保證，蘇聯之租用旅 順港為海軍基地須予恢復。 （丙）對擔任通往大連之出路的中東鐵路和南滿鐵路應設立一蘇、中合辦的公 司，以共同經營之；經諒解，蘇聯的優越權益須予保證，而中國須保持在滿洲的全部主權。 三、千島群島須交予蘇聯。 經諒解，有關外蒙古及上述港口鐵路的協定，須征得蔣介石委員長的同意。根據斯大林大元帥的提議，美總統將采取步驟以取得該項同意。 三強領袖同意，蘇聯之此項要求，須在擊敗日本後毫無問題地予以實現。 蘇聯表示，準備和中國國民政府簽訂一項蘇中友好同盟協定，俾以其武力協助中國達成自日本枷鎖中解放中國。 ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ | |
NO:534_9
| 過客 於 2003/08/25 14:14 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1945.07.26《波茲坦公告》-英文 http://www.ioc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~worldjpn/documents/texts/docs/19450726.D1E.html －－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ [Title] Proclamation Defining Terms For Japanese Surrender
[Full text] (2) The prodigious land, sea and air forces of the United States, the British Empire and of China, many times reinforced by their armies and air fleets from the west, are poised to strike the final blows upon Japan. This military power is sustained and inspired by the determination of all the Allied Nations to prosecute the war against Japan until she ceases to resist. (3) The result of the futile and senseless German resistance to the might of the aroused free peoples of the world stands forth in awful clarity as an example to the people of Japan. The might that now converges on Japan is immeasurably greater than that which, when applied to the resisting Nazis, necessarily laid waste to the lands, the industry and the method of life of the whole German people. The full application of our military power, backed by our resolve, will mean the inevitable and complete destruction of the Japanese armed forces and just as inevitably the utter devastation of the Japanese homeland. (4) The time has come for Japan to decide whether she will continue to be controlled by those self-willed militaristic advisers whose unintelligent calculations have brought the Empire of Japan to the threshold of annihilation, or whether she will follow the path of reason. (5) Following are our terms. We will not deviate from them. There are no alternatives. We shall brook no delay. (6) There must be eliminated for all time the authority and influence of those who have deceived and misled the people of Japan into embarking on world conquest, for we insist that a new order of peace, security and justice will be impossible until irresponsible militarism is driven from the world. (7) Until such a new order is established and until there is convincing proof that Japans warmaking power is destroyed, points in Japanese territory to be designated by the Allies shall be occupied to secure the achievement of the basic objectives we are here setting forth. (8) The terms of the Cairo Declaration shall be carried out and Japanese sovereignty shall be limited to the islands of Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, Shikoku and such minor islands as we determine. (9) The Japanese military forces, after being completely disarmed, shall be permitted to return to their homes with the opportunity to lead peaceful and productive lives. (10) We do not intend that the Japanese shall be enslaved as a race or destroyed as a nation, but stern justice shall be meted out to all war criminals, including those who have visited cruelties upon our prisoners. The Japanese Government shall remove all obstacles to the revival and strengthening of democratic tendencies among the Japanese people. Freedom of speech, of religion, and of thought, as well as respect for the fundamental human rights shall be established. (11) Japan shall be permitted to maintain such industries as will sustain her economy and permit the exaction of just reparations in kind, but not those which would enable her to re-arm for war. To this end, access to, as distinguished from control of, raw materials shall be permitted. Eventual Japanese participation in world trade relations shall be permitted. (12) The occupying forces of the Allies shall be withdrawn from Japan as soon as these objectives have been accomplished and there has been established in accordance with the freely expressed will of the Japanese people a peacefully inclined and responsible government. (13) We call upon the government of Japan to proclaim now the unconditional surrender of all Japanese armed forces, and to provide proper and adequate assurances of their good faith in such action. The altenative for Japan is prompt and utter destruction.
由來： 1945年5月7日，德國法西斯宣布無條件投降。1945年5月11日，英國首相丘吉爾向美國新任總統杜魯門建議，邀請斯大林進行三方會議。 1945年7月17日至8月2日，美國總統杜魯門。英國首相丘吉爾、蘇聯部長會議主席斯大林在德國柏林附近的波茨坦舉行會議。 1945年7月28日丘吉爾下台后，由新任首相艾德利接替參加會議。參加會議的還有3國外長、軍隊參謀長等。這次會議主要討論德國投降后歐洲問題的處理，與原軸心國簽訂和約的方式、占領德國的原則等問題，并就取得一致意見的各項協議簽訂了《柏林波茨坦會議議定書》，發表了《柏林會議公報》，因為這兩項文件內容基本相同，統稱《波茨坦協定》。 過后，為解決太平洋戰爭和美國與蘇聯對中國將來關系問題，敦促日本無條件投降問題，討論通過了促令日本投降的《波茨坦公告》。由于蘇聯尚未對日宣戰，便由美國征求中國政府同意后，以中、美、英3國政府的名義，于1945年7月 26日正式發布。 然而，就在《波茨坦公告》發布的第二天。也就7月27日，日本政府即予表態，拒絕接受《波茨坦公告》。 蔣介石雖列名為發表波茲坦宣言者之一，但他並沒有被邀參加波茲坦會談。從七月十七日至八月二日所舉行的此一會談，始終參加的，只有杜魯門和史達林，最初參加的邱吉爾，因其本國大選，於七月二十五日返國。結果他選舉失敗，勞工黨勝利而登上首相寶座的艾德禮（C. R. Attlee）於七月二十八日，赴波茲坦繼續會談。波茲坦宣言草案送交重慶的蔣介石，其允諾之電報，於二十六日送抵波茲坦。同一天晚上九點，宣言以美、英、華三國之共同宣言名義發表，而於發表之後，才將該宣言複本送交蘇聯。宣言內容在當初是以蘇聯也參加的形式下作成的，然而在發表之前，杜魯門卻將列有蘇聯之條款去掉了。 －－－－－－－－－－－－ 「波茨坦宣言」亦經列入美國國務院編入「美國一七七六年至一九四九年締結之條約及其他國務協定彙編」(Treaties and Other International Agreements of the United States of America, 1776-1949) 波茲坦宣言 美、英、中三國政府領袖公告︰ （一）余等︰美國總統、中國國民政府主席及英國首相代表余等億萬國民，業經會商，並同意對日本應予以一機會，以結束此次戰事。 （二）美國、英帝國及中國之龐大陸、海、軍部隊，業已增強多倍，其由西方調來之軍隊及空軍，即將予日本以最後之打擊，彼等之武力受所有聯合國之決心之支持及鼓勵，對日作戰，不至其停止抵抗不止。 （三）德國無效果及無意識抵抗全世界激起之自由人之力量，所得之結果，彰彰在前，可為日本人民之殷鑒。此種力量當其對付抵抗之納粹時不得不將德國人民全體之土地、工業及其生活方式摧殘殆盡。但現在集中對待日本之星則較之更為龐大，不可衡量。吾等之軍力，加以吾人之堅決意志為後盾，若予以全部實施，必將使日本軍隊完全毀滅，無可逃避，而日本之本土亦必終歸全部殘毀。 （四）現時業已到來，日本必須決定一途，其將繼續受其一意孤行計算錯誤，使日本帝國已陷于完全毀滅之境之軍人之統制，抑或走向理智之路。 （五）以下為吾人之條件，吾人決不更改，亦無其他另一方式。猶豫遷延，更為吾人所不容許。 （六）欺騙及錯誤領導日本人民使其妄欲征服世界者之威權及勢力，必須永久剔除。蓋吾人堅持非將負責之窮兵黷武主義驅出世界，則和平安全及正義之新秩序勢不可能。 （七）直至如此之新秩序成立時，及直至日本制造戰爭之力量業已毀滅，有確定可信之證據時，日本領土經盟國之指定，必須佔領，俾吾人在此陳述之基本目的得以完成。 （八）開羅宣言之條件必將實施，而日本之主權必將限于本州、北海道、九州、四國及吾人所決定其他小島之內。 （九）日本軍隊在完全解除武裝以後，將被允許返其家鄉，得有和平及生產生活之機會。 （十）吾人無意奴役日本民族或消滅其國家，但對于戰罪人犯，包括虐待吾人俘虜在內，將處以法律之裁判，日本政府必將阻止日本人民民主趨勢之復興及增強之所有障礙予以消除，言論、宗教及思想自由以及對于基本人權之重視必須成立。 （十二）上述目的達到及依據日本人民自由表示之意志成立一傾向和平及負責之政府後，同盟國佔領軍隊當撤退。 （十三）吾人通告日本政府立即宣布所有日本武裝部隊無條件投降，並以此種行動誠意實行予以適當之各項保證，除此一途，日本即將迅速完全毀滅。 ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ | |
NO:534_10
| 過客 於 2003/08/25 15:11 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1945.08.10《日本政府請降照會》中文
日本請瑞士政府轉達美國政府及中華民國政府， -------------------- 「日本天皇切望促進世界和平，早日停止戰爭，俾天下生靈得免于因戰爭之持續而陷于浩劫。日本政府為服從天皇陛下之聖旨起見，已于數星期前請當時仍處中立地位之蘇聯政府出面斡旋，俾對諸敵國得以恢復和平，不幸此等為促致和平之努力業已失敗。日本政府為遵從天皇陛下恢復全面和平之旨意，希望因戰爭而造成之不可言狀的痛苦能盡速終結計，乃作出下列之決定：日本政府准備接受中、美、英三國政府領袖于１９４５年７月２６日在波茨坦發表，其后經蘇聯政府之贊成的聯合宣言所列舉之條款，而附以一項諒解曰：上述宣言，并不包含任何要求有損于天皇陛下為至高統制者之皇權，是日本政府之竭誠希望。」
---------------------------- 電復美國杜魯門總統同意對日本政府 ---------------------------- 內容來源：卷三十七 別錄 隸屬章節：別錄 ＼中華民國三十四年 版面原件：第307頁 〔第307頁〕 ——中華民國三十四年八月十一日—— 關於日本政府接受波茨坦公告事，余同意各條，並與閣下聯名答復日本政府，余尤同意天皇及日本高級將領必須簽署投降條款及發布命令以使投降生效之條件，對於日本最後政府方式，應依照日本人民自由表示之意志之條件，余亦同意，此固為余數年來所主張之條件也。
美國於１９４５年８月１０日代表美、英、蘇、中四國政府，由美國國務卿貝爾納斯將同意日本請求投降之覆文，託瑞士駐美公使館代辦葛拉理轉達日本政府。 全文如下： 代辦閣下：八月十日之照會奉悉，茲覆者，美國大總統已囑鄙人代表美英蘇中四國政府致函閣下，俾經由貴國政府轉達日本政府，關於日本政府來電接受波茨坦宣言之條款，然有列一點：「附以諒解曰，上項宣言，並不包含任何要求有損日本天皇陛下為至高統制者之皇權」，吾人所採立場如下，自投降之時刻起，日本天皇及日本政府制國家之權力，即須聽從盟國最高統帥之命令，最高統帥將採取其認為適當之權力實施投降條款，日本天皇，必須授權並保證日本政府及日本帝國大本營能簽字於必須之投降條款，俾波茨坦宣言之規定能獲實施，且須日本一切陸海空軍當局，以及彼等控制下之一切部隊（不論其在何處），發施號令，停止積極行動，交出武器，此外並須發佈盟國最高統帥在實施條款時所需之其他命令，日本政府，在投降之後，應立即將戰俘及所扣僑民，運至指定之安全地點，俾能迅速登同盟國之運輸船隻，並按照波茨坦宣言，日本政府之最後形式將依日本人民自由表示之意願確定之，同盟之武裝部隊將留於日本，直至波茨坦宣言所規定之目的達到為止。 （全文資料參考自：陳志奇輯編 國立編繹館主編 渤海堂文化公司印行 《中華民國外交史料彙編 十五》p.7052）
日本天皇於１９４５年８月１２日發佈投降公告，接受美英中三國領袖之波茨坦宣言所列日本投降條件，並命令日本臣民「立即停止敵對行動，放下武器」。 全文如下： 附件一 通令 「......朕命令所有朕之臣民，立即停止敵對行動，放下武器，並忠實行所有投降文件中之各條款，及日本帝國大本營根據上述各條款所頒佈之一切命令。」 附件二 一九四五年八月十二日下午六時 一、余等遵奉日本天皇、日本政府及日本帝國大本營之命令並為其代表，茲接受美、中、英三國政府首領於一九四五年七月二十六日在波茨坦所發表，其後又經蘇維埃社會主義共和國聯邦所加入之公告所列舉之條款。中美英蘇四國在此文件中將被稱為盟邦。 二、余等茲宣佈：日本大本營與所有日本軍隊及所有在日人管制之下之軍隊，無論在何地點，向盟邦無條件投降。 三、余等茲命令駐紮任何地域之日本軍隊及日本人民，立刻停止一切敵對行動，保存所有船舶、航空器及軍民財產，使免毀損，並遵照履行盟邦統帥或在彼指揮下日本政府之代理機關所規定之一切要求。 四、余等茲命令日本帝國大本營立刻發佈命令於所有駐紮任何地域之日本部隊及在日本管制之一切部隊之司令官，使彼等自身及在彼等管制之下之一切部隊，無條件投降。 五、余等茲命令所有民政及陸海軍官員，遵照並履行盟邦統帥對實施此次投降所認為適當而發佈或經其授權所發佈之的一切公告命令及指示。余等並指揮此類官員除經統帥或其授權特別解職者外，各留崗位，繼續執行其非戰鬥性質之職務。 六、余等茲代表天皇與日本政府，及其繼承者，擔任忠實執行波茨坦宣言之各項條款，並發佈及採取經盟邦統帥或其他經指定之之盟邦代表，為實施宣言之目的，而所需之任何命令及任何行動。 七、余等茲命令日本帝國政府及日本帝國大本營，立刻釋放現在日本管制下之所有盟國戰俘，與拘禁之僑民，並予以保護、照料，給養，並迅速將其運送至指定地點。 八、日皇與日本政府統治國家之權力，應聽命於盟邦統帥。盟邦統帥可採取其所認為適當之各項步驟，以實施此等投降條件。 簽字於一九四五年 月 日在 盟邦統帥 （全文資料參考自：陳志奇輯編 國立編繹館主編 渤海堂文化公司印行 《中華民國外交史料彙編 十五》p.7058）
1945.08.14 日本「終戰詔書」日文
－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ [Title] Imperial Rescript, August 14, 1945
1945.08.14 日本「終戰詔書」中譯 －－－－－－－－－－ 1945年8月9日，日本統治集團慌忙召開軍事會議，討論接受《波茨坦公告》的問題。會上發生了激烈的爭吵，定奪不下。州日，天皇召開御前會議、決定在“不包括任何有損天皇為最高統治者權利”的條件下，接受《波茨坦公告》。同時，日本政府通過中立國瑞士和瑞典，向中、美、英、蘇4國發出“乞降照會”。 1945年8月15日，裕仁天皇以廣播《終戰詔書》形式，正式宣布無條件投降。 日本《降書》隨後於1945年9月2日與各國簽署。 日本終戰詔書 1945年8月14日 朕深鑒于世界大勢及帝國之現狀，欲采取非常之措施，以收拾時局，茲告爾等臣民，朕已飭令帝國政府通告美英中蘇四國願接受其聯合公告。蓋謀求帝國臣民之康寧，同享萬邦共榮之樂，斯乃皇祖皇宗之遺範，亦為朕所拳拳服膺者。前者，帝國所以向美英兩國宣戰，實亦為希求帝國之自存與東亞之安定而出此，至如排斥他國主權，侵犯其領土，固非朕之本志。然自交戰以來，已閱四載，雖陸海將兵勇敢善戰，百官有司勵精圖治，一 億眾庶之奉公，各盡所能，而戰局並未好轉，世界大勢亦不利于我。加之，敵方最近使用殘酷之炸彈，頻殺無辜，慘害所及，真未可逆料。如仍繼續交戰，則不僅導致我民族之滅亡，並將破壞人類之文明。如此，則朕將何以保全億兆之赤子，陳謝于皇祖皇宗之神靈。此朕所以飭帝國政府接受聯合公告者也。朕對于始終與帝國同為東亞解放而努力之諸盟邦，不得不深表遺憾；念及帝國臣民之死于戰陣、殉于職寧、斃于非命者及其遺屬，則五髒為之俱裂；至于負戰傷、蒙戰禍、損失家業者之生計，亦朕所深為軫念者也。今後帝國所受之苦難固非尋常，朕亦深知爾等臣民之衷情，然時運之所趨，朕欲忍其所難忍，堪其所難堪，以為萬世開太平。朕于茲得以維護國體，信倚爾等忠良臣民之赤誠，並常與爾等臣民同在。如情之所激，妄滋事端，或者同胞互相排擠，擾亂時局，因而迷誤大道，失信義于世界，此朕所深戒。宜舉國一致，子孫相傳，確信神州之不滅，念任重而道遠，傾全力于將來之建設，篤守道義，堅定志操，誓必發揚國體之精華，不致落後于世界之進化。爾等臣民其克體朕意。 御名御璽
中、美、英、蘇四同盟國於１９４５年８月１５日同時宣布接受日本投降。日本係於１９４５年８月１５日晨五時一刻（重慶時間）正式答覆盟國，願接受波茨坦宣言之各規定事項。美、中約定於晨七時（華府時間十四日下午七時）同時宣佈。 全文如下： （一）關於日本接受波茨坦宣言之各項規定事，天皇陛下業已頒布敕令。 （全文資料參考自：陳志奇輯編 國立編繹館主編 渤海堂文化公司印行 《中華民國外交史料彙編 十五》p.7184）
http://www.taiwandocuments.org/surrender07.htm Emperor Hirohitos Surrender Rescript to Japanese Troops Three years and eight months have elapsed since we declared war on the United States and Britain. During this time our beloved men of the army and navy, sacrificing their lives, have fought valiantly on disease-stricken and barren lands and on tempestuous waters in the blazing sun, and of this we are deeply grateful. Now that the Soviet Union has entered the war against us, to continue the war under the present internal and external conditions would be only to increase needlessly the ravages of war finally to the point of endangering the very foundation of the Empires existence With that in mind and although the fighting spirit of the Imperial Army and Navy is as high as ever, with a view to maintaining and protecting our noble national policy we are about to make peace with the United States, Britain, the Soviet Union and Chungking. To a large number of loyal and brave officers and men of the Imperial forces who have died in battle and from sicknesses goes our deepest grief. At the same time we believe the loyalty and achievements of you officers and men of the Imperial forces will for all time be the quintessence of our nation. We trust that you officers and men of the Imperial forces will comply with our intention and will maintain a solid unity and strict discipline in your movements and that you will bear the hardest of all difficulties, bear the unbearable and leave an everlasting foundation of the nation.
Signed: H I R O H I T O
日本大本營於１９４５年９月１日通令其國內外日軍立即放下武器，停止作戰，向盟軍司令無條件投降。 全文如下：
註: 內容即為「麥克阿瑟第一號命令」. －－－－－－－－－－－ 2 September 1945 This order issued by the Imperial General Headquarters on the instruction of the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers is commonly referred to as General MacArthurs Order no. One. (1) The Imperial General Headquarters by direction of the Emperor, and pursuant to the surrender to the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers of all Japanese armed forces by the Emperor, hereby orders all of its commanders in Japan and abroad to cause the Japanese armed forces and Japanese-controlled forces under their command to cease hostilities at once, to lay down their arms, to remain in their present locations and to surrender unconditionally to commanders acting on behalf of the United States, the Republic of China, the United Kingdom and the British Empire, and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, as indicated hereafter or as may be further directed by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers. Immediate contact will be made with the indicated commanders, or their designated representatives, subject to any changes in detail prescribed by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers, and their instructions will be completely and immediately carried out. (a) The senior Japanese commanders and all ground, sea, air, and auxiliary forces within China (excluding Manchuria), Formosa, and French Indochina north of 16 degrees north latitude shall surrender to Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek. (b) The senior Japanese commanders and all ground, sea, air, and auxiliary forces within Manchuria, Korea north of 28 degrees north latitude and Karafuto shall surrender to the commander in chief of Soviet forces in the Far East. (c) The senior Japanese commanders and all ground, sea, air, and auxiliary forces within the Andamans, Nicobars, Burma, Thailand, French Indo-China south of 16 degrees north latitude, Malaya, Borneo, Netherlands Indies, New Guinea, Bismarks, and the Solomons, shall surrender to the Supreme Allied Commander, South East Asia Command or the commanding general, Australians, to be arranged between them, and the details of this paragraph then prepared by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers. (d) The senior Japanese commanders and all ground, sea, air, and auxiliary forces in the Japanese-mandated islands, Ryukus, Bonins and other Pacific islands shall surrender to the Commander in Chief, United States Pacific Fleet. (e) The Imperial General Headquarters, its senior commanders, and all ground, sea, air, and auxiliary forces in the main islands of Japan, minor islands adjacent thereto, Korea south of 38 degrees north latitude, and the Philippines shall surrender to the commander in chief United States Army Forces in the Pacific. (f) The above indicated commanders are the only representatives of the Allied Powers empowered to accept surrender, and all surrenders of Japanese forces shall be made only to them or to their representatives. The Japanese Imperial General Headquarters further orders its commanders in Japan and abroad to disarm completely all forces of Japan or under Japanese control, wherever they may be situated, and to deliver intact and in safe and good condition all weapons and equipment at such time and at such places as may be prescribed by the Allied commanders indicated above. Pending further instructions, the Japanese police force in the main islands of Japan will be exempt from this disarmament provision. The police force will remain at their posts and shall be held responsible for the preservation of law and order. The strength and arms of such a police force will be prescribed. (2) The Japanese Imperial General Headquarters shall furnish to the supreme commander for the Allied Powers within (time limit) of receipt of this order complete information with respect to Japan and all areas under Japanese control as follows: (a) Lists of all land, air, and antiaircraft units showing locations and strengths in officers and men. (b) Lists of all aircraft, military, naval and civil, giving complete information as to the number, type, location, and condition of such aircraft. (c) Lists of all Japanese and Japanese-controlled naval vessels, surface and submarine and auxiliary naval craft in or out of commission and under construction, giving their position, condition, and movement. (d) Lists of all Japanese and Japanese-controlled merchant ships of over 100 gross tons in or out of commission and under construction, including merchant ships formerly belonging to any of the United Nations now in Japanese hands, giving position, condition, and movement. (e) Complete and detailed information, accompanied by maps showing locations and layouts of all mines, mine fields, and other obstacles to movement by land, sea, and air and the safety lanes in connection therewith. (f) Locations and descriptions of all military installations and establishments, including airfields, seaplane bases, antiaircraft defenses, ports and naval bases, storage depots, permanent and temporary land and coast fortifications, fortresses and other fortified areas. (g) Locations of all camps and other places of detention of United Nations prisoners of war and civilian internees. (3) Japanese armed forces and civil aviation authorities will insure that all Japanese military and naval and civil aircraft remain on the ground, the water, or aboard ship until further notification on the disposition to be made of them. (4) Japanese or Japanese-controlled naval or merchant vessels of all types will be maintained without damage and will undertake no movement pending instructions from the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers. Vessels at sea will remove explosives of all types to safe storage ashore. (5) Responsible Japanese or Japanese-controlled military and civil authorities will insure that: (a) All Japanese mines, mine fields, and other obstacles to movement by land, sea, and air wherever located be removed according to instructions of the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers. (b) All aids to navigation be reestablished at once. (c) All safety lanes be kept open and clearly marked pending accomplishment of (a) above. (6) Responsible Japanese and Japanese-controlled military and civil authorities will hold intact and in good condition pending further instructions from the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers the following: (a) All arms, ammunitions, explosives, military equipment stores and supplies and other implements of war of all kinds and all other war material (except as specifically prescribed in section 4 of this order). (b) All land, water, and air transportation, and communication facilities and equipment. (c) All military installations and establishments including airfields, seaplane bases, antiaircraft defenses, ports and naval bases, storage depots, permanent and temporary land and coast fortifications, fortresses and other fortified areas together with plans and drawings of all such fortifications, installations and establishments. (d) All factories, plants, shops, research institutions, laboratories, testing stations, technical data, patents, plans, drawings and inventions designed or intended to produce or to facilitate the production or use of all implements of war and other material and property used or intended for use by any military or para-military organization in connection with its operations. (7) The Japanese Imperial General Headquarters shall furnish to the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers within (time limit) of receipt of this order complete lists of all the items specified in paragraphs A, B, and D of section 6 above, indicating the numbers, types, and locations of each. (8) The manufacture and distribution of all arms, ammunition, and implements of war will cease forthwith. (9) With respect to United Nations prisoners-of-war and civilian internees in the hands of Japanese or Japanese-controlled authorities: (a) The safety and well-being of all United Nations prisoners-of-war and civilian internees will be scrupulously preserved to include the administrative and supply service essential to provide adequate food, shelter, clothing, and medical care until such responsibility is undertaken by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers. (b) Each camp or other place of detention of United Nations prisoners of war and civilian internees together with its equipment, stores, records, arms, and ammunition will be delivered immediately to the command of the senior officer designated representative of the prisoners of war and civilian internees. (c) As directed by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers prisoners of war and civilian internees will be transported to places of safety where they can be accepted by Allied authorities. (d) The Japanese Imperial General Headquarters will furnish to the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers within (time limit) of the receipt of this order complete lists of all United Nations prisoners of war and civilian internees indicating their location. (10) All Japanese and Japanese-controlled military and civil authorities shall aid and assist the occupation of Japan and Japanese-controlled areas by forces of the Allied Powers. (11) The Japanese Imperial General Headquarters and appropriate Japanese officials shall be prepared on instructions from Allied occupation commanders to collect and deliver all arms in the possession of the Japanese civilian population. (12) This and all subsequent instructions issued by the Supreme Commander for the Allied forces of other Allied military authorities will be scrupulously and promptly obeyed by Japanese and Japanese-controlled military and civil officials and private persons. Any delay or failure to comply with the provisions of this or subsequent orders, and any action which the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers determines to be detrimental to the Allied Powers, will incur drastic and summary punishment at the hands of the Allied military authorities and the Japanese Government. ----------------------------- Source: Congressional Record, 6 September 1945 | |
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| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1945.09.02 日本「投降文件」 日文 http://www.ioc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~worldjpn/documents/texts/docs/19450902.O1J.html 1945.09.02 日本「投降文件」 英文 2 September 1945 General Douglas MacArthur signing the Instrument of Surrender aboard the U.S.S. Missouri on behalf of the Allied Powers We, acting by command of and in behalf of the Emperor of Japan, the Japanese Government and the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters, hereby accept the provisions set forth in the declaration issued by the Heads of the Governments of the United States, China, and Great Britain on 26 July 1945 at Potsdam, and subsequently adhered to by the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, which four powers are hereafter referred to as the Allied Powers. We hereby proclaim the unconditional surrender to the Allied Powers of the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters and of all Japanese armed forces and all armed forces under the Japanese control wherever situated. We hereby command all Japanese forces wherever situated and the Japanese people to cease hostilites forthwith, to preserve and save from damage all ships, aircraft, and military and civil property and to comply with all requirements which may be imposed by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers or by agencies of the Japanese Government at his direction. We hereby command the Japanese Imperial Headquarters to issue at once orders to the Commanders of all Japanese forces and all forces under Japanese control wherever situated to surrender unconditionally themselves and all forces under their control. We hereby command all civil, military and naval officials to obey and enforce all proclamations, and orders and directives deemed by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers to be proper to effectuate this surrender and issued by him or under his authority and we direct all such officials to remain at their posts and to continue to perform their non-combatant duties unless specifically relieved by him or under his authority. We hereby undertake for the Emperor, the Japanese Government and their successors to carry out the provisions of the Potsdam Declaration in good faith, and to issue whatever orders and take whatever actions may be required by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers or by any other designated representative of the Allied Powers for the purpose of giving effect to that Declaration. We hereby command the Japanese Imperial Government and the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters at once to liberate all allied prisoners of war and civilian internees now under Japanese control and to provide for their protection, care, maintenance and immediate transportation to places as directed. The authority of the Emperor and the Japanese Government to rule the state shall be subject to the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers who will take such steps as he deems proper to effectuate these terms of surrender. Signed at TOKYO BAY, JAPAN at 0904 I on the SECOND day of SEPTEMBER, 1945 MAMORU SHIEGEMITSU YOSHIJIRO UMEZU Accepted at TOKYO BAY, JAPAN at 0903 I on the SECOND day of SEPTEMBER, 1945, for the United States, Republic of China, United Kingdom and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, and in the interests of the other United Nations at war with Japan. DOUGLAS MAC ARTHUR C.W. NIMITZ HSU YUNG-CHANG BRUCE FRASER KUZMA DEREVYANKO THOMAS BLAMEY L. MOORE COSGRAVE JACQUES LE CLERC C.E.L. HELFRICH LEONARD M. ISITT －－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
九時，麥克阿瑟元帥從休息室中走出，簽字儀式在盟國最高統帥主持下開始舉行。在廣播機前閱讀一篇簡短的廣播稿。讀完後，即令日本代表簽字。 首先由重光葵外相代表日本政府在該二份投降文件上簽字，繼由梅油參謀總長代表日本大本營簽字。 日本代表簽字畢，續由盟國最高統帥、美、中、英、蘇、澳、加、法、荷、紐各國代表順序簽字。上午九時十五分，簽字儀式完畢，麥克阿瑟將簽字的投降文件一份交日本代表。 註: 此擬文內容即為1945.08.12《日皇發佈投降公告》之附件二。 全文如下： 一、余等遵奉日本天皇、日本政府及日本帝國大本營之命令並為其代表，茲接受美、中、英三國政府首領於一九四五年七月二十六日在波茨坦所發表，其後又經蘇維埃社會主義共和國聯邦所加入之公告所列舉之條款。中美英蘇四國在此文件中將被稱為盟邦。 二、余等茲宣佈：日本大本營與所有日本軍隊及所有在日人管制之下之軍隊，無論在何地點，向盟邦無條件投降。 三、余等茲命令駐紮任何地域之日本軍隊及日本人民，立刻停止一切敵對行動，保存所有船舶、航空器及軍民財產，使免毀損，並遵照履行盟邦統帥或在彼指揮下日本政府之代理機關所規定之一切要求。 四、余等茲命令日本帝國大本營立刻發佈命令於所有駐紮任何地域之日本部隊及在日本管制之一切部隊之司令官，使彼等自身及在彼等管制之下之一切部隊，無條件投降。 五、余等茲命令所有民政及陸海軍官員，遵照並履行盟邦統帥對實施此次投降所認為適當而發佈或經其授權所發佈之的一切公告命令及指示。余等並指揮此類官員除經統帥或其授權特別解職者外，各留崗位，繼續執行其非戰鬥性質之職務。 六、余等茲代表天皇與日本政府，及其繼承者，擔任忠實執行波茨坦宣言之各項條款，並發佈及採取經盟邦統帥或其他經指定之之盟邦代表，為實施宣言之目的，而所需之任何命令及任何行動。 七、余等茲命令日本帝國政府及日本帝國大本營，立刻釋放現在日本管制下之所有盟國戰俘，與拘禁之僑民，並予以保護、照料，給養，並迅速將其運送至指定地點。 八、日皇與日本政府統治國家之權力，應聽命於盟邦統帥。盟邦統帥可採取其所認為適當之各項步驟，以實施此等投降條件。 簽字於一九四五年九月二日午前九時四分在東京灣米蘇里號艦上 代表美利堅合眾國、中華民國、聯合王國，與蘇維埃社會主義共和國聯邦，及對日本作戰之其他聯合國利益接受於一九四五年九月二日午前九時八分在東京灣 盟邦統帥 DOUGLAS MAC ARTHUR
1945.09.02「麥克阿瑟投降簽訂儀式演說」中文 九時，麥克阿瑟元帥從休息室中走出，簽字儀式在盟國最高統帥主持下開始舉行。在廣播機前閱讀一篇簡短的廣播稿。讀完後，即令日本代表簽字。 廣播稿全文如下： | |
NO:534_12
| 過客 於 2003/08/25 19:29 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1945.09.09「降書」中文 －－－－－－－－－－－－－－ 日軍的《降書》全文則由“陸總”肖毅肅參謀長先擬出初稿，并擬定一項《中國戰區最高統帥致日軍最高指揮官岡村寧次之第一號命令》初稿，准備在簽降儀式時，當面交付岡村寧次，飭其遵照命令指示各條具體執行。 這些屬于受降工作的重點項目，已于８月１３日何應欽、肖毅肅赴重慶之時，在軍委會的“最高幕僚會議”上作出原則性的決定。旋即在昆明擬出以上有關草案，于８月１７日專人飛帶重慶，交何應欽初核后，再轉蔣介石復核、判行后繕正，以備簽降之日使用。 日本降書全文 一、日本帝國政府及日本帝國大本營已向聯合國最高統帥無條件投降. 二、聯合國最高統帥第一號命令規定在「中華民國（東三省除外）臺灣與越南北緯十六度以北地區內之日本全部陸、海空軍與輔助部隊應向蔣委員長投降」。 三、吾等在上述區域內之全部日本陸海空軍及輔助部隊之將領，願率領所屬部隊，向蔣委員長無條件投降。 四、本官當立即命令所有上第二款所述區域內之全部日本陸海空各級指揮官，及其所屬部隊與所控制之部隊，向蔣委員長特派受降代表中國戰區中國陸軍總司令何應欽上將及何應欽上將指定之各地區受降主官投降. 五、投降之全部日本陸、海、空軍立即停止敵對行動，暫留原地待命，所有武器、彈藥、裝具、器材、補給品、情報資料、地圖、文獻檔案及其他一切資產等，當暫時保管。所有航空器及飛機場一切設備，艦艇、船舶、車輛、碼頭、工廠、倉庫及一切建築物，以及現在上第二款所述地區內日本陸、海、空軍或其控制之部隊所有或所控制之軍用或民用財產，亦均保持完整，全部待繳於 蔣委員長及其代表何應欽上將所指定之部隊及政府機關代表接收。 六、上第二款所述區域內日本陸、海、空軍所俘聯合國戰俘及拘留之人民，立予釋放，並保護送至指定地點。 七、自此以後，所有上第二款所述區域內之日本陸海空軍當即服從蔣委員長之節制，並接受蔣委員長及其代表何應欽上將所頒發之命令。 八、本官對本降書所列各款及 蔣委員長與其代表何應欽上將以後對投降日軍所頒發之命令，當立即對各級軍官及士兵轉達遵照，上第二款所述地區之所有日本軍官佐士兵，均須負完全履行此項命令之責。 九、投降之日本陸、海、空軍任何人員，對於本降書所列各款及 蔣委員長與其代表何應欽上將嗣後所授之命令，倘有未能履行或遲延情事，各級負責官長及違反命令者願受懲罰。 奉日本帝國政府及日本帝國大本營命簽字人中國派遣軍總司令官陸軍大將岡村寧次（簽字蓋章）昭和二十年（公曆一九四五年）九月九日午前九時零分簽字於中華民國南京。代表中華民國、美利堅合眾國，大不列顛聯合王國、蘇維埃社會主義共和國聯邦，並為對日本作戰之其他聯合國之利益，接受本降書於中華民國三十四年（公曆一九四五年）九月九日午前九時零分簽字於中華民國南京。
－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ 9 September 1945 The formal Japanese surrender in the China Theatre took place in a simple 20 minute ceremony in the auditorium of the Central Military Academy in Nanking at 09:00 on 9 September 1945. General Ho Ying-chen, Commander-in-Chief of the Chinese Army, and Lieut. Gen. Okamura Yasutsugu, Commander of the Japanese Forces in Central China, represented their respective governments. Immediately following the signing of the Act of Surrender, General Ho handed Order No. 1 of Generalissimo Chiang to Lieut. Gen. Okamura as a supplement to the Act of Surrender. The Emperor of Japan, the Japanese government and the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters, having recognized the complete military defeat of the Japanese military forces by the Allied forces and having surrendered unconditionally to the Supreme Commander for the Allied powers, having directed by his general order no.1 that the senior commanders and all ground, sea, air and auxiliary forces within China excluding Manchuria, Formosa and French Indo-China north of 16 degrees north latitude shall surrender to Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek. We, the Japanese Commanders of all Japanese forces and auxiliaries in the areas named above, also recognizing the complete military defeat of the Japanese military forces by the Allied forces, hereby surrender unconditionally all of the forces under our command to Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek. All the Japanese forces hereby surrendered will cease hostilities and will remain at the stations they now occupy. They are now non-combatant troops and in due course will be demobilized. They will assemble, preserve without damage, and turn over to the forces specified by Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, all arms, ammunition, equipment, supplies, records, information and other assets of any kind belonging to the Japanese forces. Pending specific instructions, all Japanese aircraft, naval units, and merchant ships in the areas named above will be held without damage where they are at present located. All the Allied prisoners of war and civilian internees now under Japanese control in the areas named above will be liberated at once and the Japanese forces will provide protection, care, maintenance, and transportation to places as directed. Henceforth, all the Japanese forces, hereby surrendered, will be subject to the control of Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek. Their movements and activities will be dictated by him, and they will obey only the orders and proclamations issued, or authorised, by him, or the orders of their Japanese commanders based upon his instructions. This act of surrender and all subsequent orders and proclamations of Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek to the surrender forces will be issued at once to the appropriate subordinate commanders and forces and it will be the responsibility of all Japanese commanders and forces to see that such proclamations and orders are immediately and completely complied with. For any failure or delay, by any member of the forces surrendered hereby to act in accordance with this act of surrender or future orders or proclamations of the Generalissimo, he will summarily and drastically punish both the violator and his responsible commanders. [signatures not reproduced] | |
NO:534_13
| 西拉亞 於 2003/08/27 00:30 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
感謝過客兄費心整理攸關台灣主權各項重要資料 不知兄是否願意讓我下載存檔 | |
NO:534_14
| 西拉亞 於 2003/08/27 00:33 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
感謝過客兄費心整理攸關台灣主權各重要資料 不知兄是否願意讓我下載存檔 | |
NO:534_15
| phiau_pck 於 2003/08/27 15:36 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
過客 於 2003/08/24 22:14 Re:台灣到底是不是國家? NO:519_37>>呵呵 好久不見過客桑~~~ 其實，您甘脆開個欄，專門收集各種條約原文的(英&漢)，這樣連結起來比較順，我的漢字版全部都是從你那邊Ａ來的，所以您乾脆全包下來吧^^ 如何? 若可, 個人願意分享所擁有的各種文獻資料, 以利大家使用及參考. 也希望藉此可與大家一起互相分享文獻資訊. ※【公民學院＠海國論壇】基本院規： 請安心下載 | |
NO:534_16
| 過客 於 2003/08/28 02:04 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
西拉亞兄及各位網友, 大家好 此欄原即希望與大家共同分享擁有的文獻資訊, 以供有意瞭解, 認知, 探討, 研究, 興趣, 或有需要者之使用及參考, 因此, 歡迎各位一起分享, 並希望對大家有所助益. | |
NO:534_17
| 過客 於 2003/08/28 02:09 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1945.10.25「臺灣行政長官第一號命令」中文 臺灣地區受降典禮於１９４５年１０月２５日上午九時在臺北公會堂（即今中山堂）舉行，由日本臺灣總督兼第十方面軍司令官安藤利吉簽字投降。此受降典禮，出席者有中國黨政軍首長、臺胞及美總統杜魯門私人代表洛克等約二百五十人；而日方則有日本臺灣總督安藤利吉，及其參謀長諫山春樹與總督府代理總務長官須由等共四人。 十時嗚砲，典禮開始。由長官宣布：「臺灣日軍業於中華民國三十四年九月九日在南京投降，本官奉中國陸軍總司令何轉奉中國戰區最高統帥蔣之命令，為臺灣受降主官。茲以第一號命令交與日本臺灣總督兼第十方面軍司令官安藤利吉將軍受領，希即遵照辦理。」 語畢，即以是項命令及受領證交參謀長柯遠芬轉交安藤利吉。安藤利吉在受領證上簽字完畢，由日方代表諫山春樹向陳兼總司令呈上降書，陳兼總司令審閱無誤後，即命日方代表退席。 投降簽字典禮完畢後，長官兼總司令即席廣播，正式宣佈臺灣日軍投降。 臺灣行政長官第一號命令，其全文如下： 二、遵照中國戰區最高統帥兼中華民國國民政府主席蔣及何總司令命令，及何總司令致岡村寧次大將中字各項備忘錄 ，指定本官及本官所指定之部隊及行政人員 接受臺灣、澎湖列島地區日本陸海空軍及其輔助部隊之投降，並接收臺灣、 澎湖列島之領土、人民、治權、軍政設施及資產。 三、貴官自接奉本命令之後，所有臺灣總督及第十方面軍司令官等職銜律取消，即改稱臺灣地區日本官兵善後連絡部長，受本官之指揮。對所屬行政軍事等一切機關部隊人員，除傳達本官之命令、訓令規定指示外，不得發佈任何命令。貴屬對本官所指定之部隊長官及接收官員亦僅能執行傳達其命令、規定、指示，不得擅自處理一切。 四、自受令之日起，貴本身並通飭所屬一切行政、軍事等機關部隊人員，立即開始迅速準備隨時候令交代。倘發現有報告不實及盜賣、隱匿、損毀、沉滅移交之物質和文件者，決予究辦治罪。 五、以前發致貴官之各號備忘錄及前進指揮所葛敬恩主任所發之文件，統作為本官之命令，須確實遵行，併飭屬一體確實遵行。 茲誌日方代表簽具之受領證如下： 今收到 日本臺灣總督兼第十方面軍司令官 陸軍大將 安藤利吉 中華民國三十四年十月二十五日，即日本昭和二十年同月同日於臺北市公會堂。 | |
NO:534_18
| 過客 於 2003/08/28 02:25 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1952.04.28《舊金山和約》英文 http://www.taiwandocuments.org/sanfrancisco01.htm －－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ Treaty of Peace with Japan Signed at San Francisco, 8 September 1951 Note: Neither the Republic of China nor the Peoples Republic of China were invited to the San Francisco Peace Conference, and neither were parties to the San Francisco Treaty. The Republic of China concluded a separate Treaty of Peace with Japan in 1952. Prime Minister Yoshida Shigeru of Japan, surrounded by senior members of the Japanese delegation, signs the peace treaty on 8 September 1951. WHEREAS the Allied Powers and Japan are resolved that henceforth their relations shall be those of nations which, as sovereign equals, cooperate in friendly association to promote their common welfare and to maintain international peace and security, and are therefore desirous of concluding a Treaty of Peace which will settle questions still outstanding as a result of the existence of a state of war between them; WHEREAS Japan for its part declares its intention to apply for membership in the United Nations and in all circumstances to conform to the principles of the Charter of the United Nations; to strive to realize the objectives of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights; to seek to create within Japan conditions of stability and well-being as defined in Articles 55 and 56 of the Charter of the United Nations and already initiated by post-surrender Japanese legislation; and in public and private trade and commerce to conform to internationally accepted fair practices; WHEREAS the Allied Powers welcome the intentions of Japan set out in the foregoing paragraph; THE ALLIED POWERS AND JAPAN have therefore determined to conclude the present Treaty of Peace, and have accordingly appointed the undersigned Plenipotentiaries, who, after presentation of their full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed on the following provisions: CHAPTER I PEACE Article 1 (a) The state of war between Japan and each of the Allied Powers is terminated as from the date on which the present Treaty comes into force between Japan and the Allied Power concerned as provided for in Article 23. (b) The Allied Powers recognize the full sovereignty of the Japanese people over Japan and its territorial waters.
CHAPTER II TERRITORY Article 2 (a) Japan recognizing the independence of Korea, renounces all right, title and claim to Korea, including the islands of Quelpart, Port Hamilton and Dagelet. (b) Japan renounces all right, title and claim to Formosa and the Pescadores. (c) Japan renounces all right, title and claim to the Kurile Islands, and to that portion of Sakhalin and the islands adjacent to it over which Japan acquired sovereignty as a consequence of the Treaty of Portsmouth of 5 September 1905. (d) Japan renounces all right, title and claim in connection with the League of Nations Mandate System, and accepts the action of the United Nations Security Council of 2 April 1947, extending the trusteeship system to the Pacific Islands formerly under mandate to Japan. (e) Japan renounces all claim to any right or title to or interest in connection with any part of the Antarctic area, whether deriving from the activities of Japanese nationals or otherwise. (f) Japan renounces all right, title and claim to the Spratly Islands and to the Paracel Islands. Article 3 Japan will concur in any proposal of the United States to the United Nations to place under its trusteeship system, with the United States as the sole administering authority, Nansei Shoto south of 29deg. north latitude (including the Ryukyu Islands and the Daito Islands), Nanpo Shoto south of Sofu Gan (including the Bonin Islands, Rosario Island and the Volcano Islands) and Parece Vela and Marcus Island. Pending the making of such a proposal and affirmative action thereon, the United States will have the right to exercise all and any powers of administration, legislation and jurisdiction over the territory and inhabitants of these islands, including their territorial waters. Article 4 (a) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (b) of this Article, the disposition of property of Japan and of its nationals in the areas referred to in Article 2, and their claims, including debts, against the authorities presently administering such areas and the residents (including juridical persons) thereof, and the disposition in Japan of property of such authorities and residents, and of claims, including debts, of such authorities and residents against Japan and its nationals, shall be the subject of special arrangements between Japan and such authorities. The property of any of the Allied Powers or its nationals in the areas referred to in Article 2 shall, insofar as this has not already been done, be returned by the administering authority in the condition in which it now exists. (The term nationals whenever used in the present Treaty includes juridical persons.) (b) Japan recognizes the validity of dispositions of property of Japan and Japanese nationals made by or pursuant to directives of the United States Military Government in any of the areas referred to in Articles 2 and 3. (c) Japanese owned submarine cables connection Japan with territory removed from Japanese control pursuant to the present Treaty shall be equally divided, Japan retaining the Japanese terminal and adjoining half of the cable, and the detached territory the remainder of the cable and connecting terminal facilities. CHAPTER III SECURITY Article 5 (a) Japan accepts the obligations set forth in Article 2 of the Charter of the United Nations, and in particular the obligations (i) to settle its international disputes by peaceful means in such a manner that international peace and security, and justice, are not endangered; (ii) to refrain in its international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any State or in any other manner inconsistent with the Purposes of the United Nations; (iii) to give the United Nations every assistance in any action it takes in accordance with the Charter and to refrain from giving assistance to any State against which the United Nations may take preventive or enforcement action. (b) The Allied Powers confirm that they will be guided by the principles of Article 2 of the Charter of the United Nations in their relations with Japan. (c) The Allied Powers for their part recognize that Japan as a sovereign nation possesses the inherent right of individual or collective self-defense referred to in Article 51 of the Charter of the United Nations and that Japan may voluntarily enter into collective security arrangements.
Article 6 (a) All occupation forces of the Allied Powers shall be withdrawn from Japan as soon as possible after the coming into force of the present Treaty, and in any case not later than 90 days thereafter. Nothing in this provision shall, however, prevent the stationing or retention of foreign armed forces in Japanese territory under or in consequence of any bilateral or multilateral agreements which have been or may be made between one or more of the Allied Powers, on the one hand, and Japan on the other. (b) The provisions of Article 9 of the Potsdam Proclamation of 26 July 1945, dealing with the return of Japanese military forces to their homes, to the extent not already completed, will be carried out. (c) All Japanese property for which compensation has not already been paid, which was supplied for the use of the occupation forces and which remains in the possession of those forces at the time of the coming into force of the present Treaty, shall be returned to the Japanese Government within the same 90 days unless other arrangements are made by mutual agreement.
CHAPTER IV POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC CLAUSES Article 7 (a) Each of the Allied Powers, within one year after the present Treaty has come into force between it and Japan, will notify Japan which of its prewar bilateral treaties or conventions with Japan it wishes to continue in force or revive, and any treaties or conventions so notified shall continue in force or by revived subject only to such amendments as may be necessary to ensure conformity with the present Treaty. The treaties and conventions so notified shall be considered as having been continued in force or revived three months after the date of notification and shall be registered with the Secretariat of the United Nations. All such treaties and conventions as to which Japan is not so notified shall be regarded as abrogated. (b) Any notification made under paragraph (a) of this Article may except from the operation or revival of a treaty or convention any territory for the international relations of which the notifying Power is responsible, until three months after the date on which notice is given to Japan that such exception shall cease to apply.
Article 8 (a) Japan will recognize the full force of all treaties now or hereafter concluded by the Allied Powers for terminating the state of war initiated on 1 September 1939, as well as any other arrangements by the Allied Powers for or in connection with the restoration of peace. Japan also accepts the arrangements made for terminating the former League of Nations and Permanent Court of International Justice. (b) Japan renounces all such rights and interests as it may derive from being a signatory power of the Conventions of St. Germain-en-Laye of 10 September 1919, and the Straits Agreement of Montreux of 20 July 1936, and from Article 16 of the Treaty of Peace with Turkey signed at Lausanne on 24 July 1923. (c) Japan renounces all rights, title and interests acquired under, and is discharged from all obligations resulting from, the Agreement between Germany and the Creditor Powers of 20 January 1930 and its Annexes, including the Trust Agreement, dated 17 May 1930, the Convention of 20 January 1930, respecting the Bank for International Settlements; and the Statutes of the Bank for International Settlements. Japan will notify to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Paris within six months of the first coming into force of the present Treaty its renunciation of the rights, title and interests referred to in this paragraph. Article 9 Japan will enter promptly into negotiations with the Allied Powers so desiring for the conclusion of bilateral and multilateral agreements providing for the regulation or limitation of fishing and the conservation and development of fisheries on the high seas. Article 10 Japan renounces all special rights and interests in China, including all benefits and privileges resulting from the provisions of the final Protocol signed at Peking on 7 September 1901, and all annexes, notes and documents supplementary thereto, and agrees to the abrogation in respect to Japan of the said protocol, annexes, notes and documents. Article 11 Japan accepts the judgments of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East and of other Allied War Crimes Courts both within and outside Japan, and will carry out the sentences imposed thereby upon Japanese nationals imprisoned in Japan. The power to grant clemency, to reduce sentences and to parole with respect to such prisoners may not be exercised except on the decision of the Government or Governments which imposed the sentence in each instance, and on recommendation of Japan. In the case of persons sentenced by the International Military Tribunal for the Far East, such power may not be exercised except on the decision of a majority of the Governments represented on the Tribunal, and on the recommendation of Japan. Article 12 (a) Japan declares its readiness promptly to enter into negotiations for the conclusion with each of the Allied Powers of treaties or agreements to place their trading, maritime and other commercial relations on a stable and friendly basis. (b) Pending the conclusion of the relevant treaty or agreement, Japan will, during a period of four years from the first coming into force of the present Treaty (1) accord to each of the Allied Powers, its nationals, products and vessels (i) most-favoured-nation treatment with respect to customs duties, charges, restrictions and other regulations on or in connection with the importation and exportation of goods; (ii) national treatment with respect to shipping, navigation and imported goods, and with respect to natural and juridical persons and their interests - such treatment to include all matters pertaining to the levying and collection of taxes, access to the courts, the making and performance of contracts, rights to property (tangible and intangible), participating in juridical entities constituted under Japanese law, and generally the conduct of all kinds of business and professional activities; (2) ensure that external purchases and sales of Japanese state trading enterprises shall be based solely on commercial considerations. (c) In respect to any matter, however, Japan shall be obliged to accord to an Allied Power national treatment, or most-favored-nation treatment, only to the extent that the Allied Power concerned accords Japan national treatment or most-favored-nation treatment, as the case may be, in respect of the same matter. The reciprocity envisaged in the foregoing sentence shall be determined, in the case of products, vessels and juridical entities of, and persons domiciled in, any non-metropolitan territory of an Allied Power, and in the case of juridical entities of, and persons domiciled in, any state or province of an Allied Power having a federal government, by reference to the treatment accorded to Japan in such territory, state or province. (d) In the application of this Article, a discriminatory measure shall not be considered to derogate from the grant of national or most-favored-nation treatment, as the case may be, if such measure is based on an exception customarily provided for in the commercial treaties of the party applying it, or on the need to safeguard that partys external financial position or balance of payments (except in respect to shiping and navigation), or on the need to maintain its essential security interests, and provided such measure is proportionate to the circumstances and not applied in an arbitrary or unreasonable manner. (e) Japans obligations under this Article shall not be affected by the exercise of any Allied rights under Article 14 of the present Treaty; nor shall the provisions of this Article be understood as limiting the undertakings assumed by Japan by virtue of Article 15 of the Treaty. Article 13 (a) Japan will enter into negotiations with any of the Allied Powers, promptly upon the request of such Power or Powers, for the conclusion of bilateral or multilateral agreements relating to international civil air transport. (b) Pending the conclusion of such agreement or agreements, Japan will, during a period of four years from the first coming into force of the present Treaty, extend to such Power treatment not less favorable with respect to air-traffic rights and privileges than those exercised by any such Powers at the date of such coming into force, and will accord complete equality of opportunity in respect to the operation and development of air services. (c) Pending its becoming a party to the Convention on International Civil Aviation in accordance with Article 93 thereof, Japan will give effect to the provisions of that Convention applicable to the international navigation of aircraft, and will give effect to the standards, practices and procedures adopted as annexes to the Convention in accordance with the terms of the Convention.
CHAPTER V CLAIMS AND PROPERTY Article 14 (a) It is recognized that Japan should pay reparations to the Allied Powers for the damage and suffering caused by it during the war. Nevertheless it is also recognized that the resources of Japan are not presently sufficient, if it is to maintain a viable economy, to make complete reparation for all such damage and suffering and at the same time meet its other obligations. Therefore, 1. Japan will promptly enter into negotiations with Allied Powers so desiring, whose present territories were occupied by Japanese forces and damaged by Japan, with a view to assisting to compensate those countries for the cost of repairing the damage done, by making available the services of the Japanese people in production, salvaging and other work for the Allied Powers in question. Such arrangements shall avoid the imposition of additional liabilities on other Allied Powers, and, where the manufacturing of raw materials is called for, they shall be supplied by the Allied Powers in question, so as not to throw any foreign exchange burden upon Japan. 2. (I) Subject to the provisions of subparagraph (II) below, each of the Allied Powers shall have the right to seize, retain, liquidate or otherwise dispose of all property, rights and interests of (a) Japan and Japanese nationals, (b) persons acting for or on behalf of Japan or Japanese nationals, and (c) entities owned or controlled by Japan or Japanese nationals, which on the first coming into force of the present Treaty were subject to its jurisdiction. The property, rights and interests specified in this subparagraph shall include those now blocked, vested or in the possession or under the control of enemy property authorities of Allied Powers, which belong to, or were held or managed on behalf of, any of the persons or entities mentioned in (a), (b) or (c) above at the time such assets came under the controls of such authorities. (II) The following shall be excepted from the right specified in subparagraph (I) above: (i) property of Japanese natural persons who during the war resided with the permission of the Government concerned in the territory of one of the Allied Powers, other than territory occupied by Japan, except property subjected to restrictions during the war and not released from such restrictions as of the date of the first coming into force of the present Treaty; (ii) all real property, furniture and fixtures owned by the Government of Japan and used for diplomatic or consular purposes, and all personal furniture and furnishings and other private property not of an investment nature which was normally necessary for the carrying out of diplomatic and consular functions, owned by Japanese diplomatic and consular personnel; (iii) property belonging to religious bodies or private charitable institutions and used exclusively for religious or charitable purposes; (iv) property, rights and interests which have come within its jurisdiction in consequence of the resumption of trade and financial relations subsequent to 2 September 1945, between the country concerned and Japan, except such as have resulted from transactions contrary to the laws of the Allied Power concerned; (v) obligations of Japan or Japanese nationals, any right, title or interest in tangible property located in Japan, interests in enterprises organized under the laws of Japan, or any paper evidence thereof; provided that this exception shall only apply to obligations of Japan and its nationals expressed in Japanese currency. (III) Property referred to in exceptions (i) through (v) above shall be returned subject to reasonable expenses for its preservation and administration. If any such property has been liquidated the proceeds shall be returned instead. (IV) The right to seize, retain, liquidate or otherwise dispose of property as provided in subparagraph (I) above shall be exercised in accordance with the laws of the Allied Power concerned, and the owner shall have only such rights as may be given him by those laws. (V) The Allied Powers agree to deal with Japanese trademarks and literary and artistic property rights on a basis as favorable to Japan as circumstances ruling in each country will permit. (b) Except as otherwise provided in the present Treaty, the Allied Powers waive all reparations claims of the Allied Powers, other claims of the Allied Powers and their nationals arising out of any actions taken by Japan and its nationals in the course of the prosecution of the war, and claims of the Allied Powers for direct military costs of occupation.
Article 15 (a) Upon application made within nine months of the coming into force of the present Treaty between Japan and the Allied Power concerned, Japan will, within six months of the date of such application, return the property, tangible and intangible, and all rights or interests of any kind in Japan of each Allied Power and its nationals which was within Japan at any time between 7 December 1941 and 2 September 1945, unless the owner has freely disposed thereof without duress or fraud. Such property shall be returned free of all encumbrances and charges to which it may have become subject because of the war, and without any charges for its return. Property whose return is not applied for by or on behalf of the owner or by his Government within the prescribed period may be disposed of by the Japanese Government as it may determine. In cases where such property was within Japan on 7 December 1941, and cannot be returned or has suffered injury or damage as a result of the war, compensation will be made on terms not less favorable than the terms provided in the draft Allied Powers Property Compensation Law approved by the Japanese Cabinet on 13 July 1951. (b) With respect to industrial property rights impaired during the war, Japan will continue to accord to the Allied Powers and their nationals benefits no less than those heretofore accorded by Cabinet Orders No. 309 effective 1 September 1949, No. 12 effective 28 January 1950, and No. 9 effective 1 February 1950, all as now amended, provided such nationals have applied for such benefits within the time limits prescribed therein. (c) (i) Japan acknowledges that the literary and artistic property rights which existed in Japan on 6 December 1941, in respect to the published and unpublished works of the Allied Powers and their nationals have continued in force since that date, and recognizes those rights which have arisen, or but for the war would have arisen, in Japan since that date, by the operation of any conventions and agreements to which Japan was a party on that date, irrespective of whether or not such conventions or agreements were abrogated or suspended upon or since the outbreak of war by the domestic law of Japan or of the Allied Power concerned. (ii) Without the need for application by the proprietor of the right and without the payment of any fee or compliance with any other formality, the period from 7 December 1941 until the coming into force of the present Treaty between Japan and the Allied Power concerned shall be excluded from the running of the normal term of such rights; and such period, with an additional period of six months, shall be excluded from the time within which a literary work must be translated into Japanese in order to obtain translating rights in Japan. Article 16 As an expression of its desire to indemnify those members of the armed forces of the Allied Powers who suffered undue hardships while prisoners of war of Japan, Japan will transfer its assets and those of its nationals in countries which were neutral during the war, or which were at war with any of the Allied Powers, or, at its option, the equivalent of such assets, to the International Committee of the Red Cross which shall liquidate such assets and distribute the resultant fund to appropriate national agencies, for the benefit of former prisoners of war and their families on such basis as it may determine to be equitable. The categories of assets described in Article 14(a)2(II)(ii) through (v) of the present Treaty shall be excepted from transfer, as well as assets of Japanese natural persons not residents of Japan on the first coming into force of the Treaty. It is equally understood that the transfer provision of this Article has no application to the 19,770 shares in the Bank for International Settlements presently owned by Japanese financial institutions. Article 17 (a) Upon the request of any of the Allied Powers, the Japanese Government shall review and revise in conformity with international law any decision or order of the Japanese Prize Courts in cases involving ownership rights of nationals of that Allied Power and shall supply copies of all documents comprising the records of these cases, including the decisions taken and orders issued. In any case in which such review or revision shows that restoration is due, the provisions of Article 15 shall apply to the property concerned. (b) The Japanese Government shall take the necessary measures to enable nationals of any of the Allied Powers at any time within one year from the coming into force of the present Treaty between Japan and the Allied Power concerned to submit to the appropriate Japanese authorities for review any judgment given by a Japanese court between 7 December 1941 and such coming into force, in any proceedings in which any such national was unable to make adequate presentation of his case either as plaintiff or defendant. The Japanese Government shall provide that, where the national has suffered injury by reason of any such judgment, he shall be restored in the position in which he was before the judgment was given or shall be afforded such relief as may be just and equitable in the circumstances. Article 18 (a) It is recognized that the intervention of the state of war has not affected the obligation to pay pecuniary debts arising out of obligations and contracts (including those in respect of bonds) which existed and rights which were acquired before the existence of a state of war, and which are due by the Government or nationals of Japan to the Government or nationals of one of the Allied Powers, or are due by the Government or nationals of one of the Allied Powers to the Government or nationals of Japan. The intervention of a state of war shall equally not be regarded as affecting the obligation to consider on their merits claims for loss or damage to property or for personal injury or death which arose before the existence of a state of war, and which may be presented or re-presented by the Government of one of the Allied Powers to the Government of Japan, or by the Government of Japan to any of the Governments of the Allied Powers. The provisions of this paragraph are without prejudice to the rights conferred by Article 14. (b) Japan affirms its liability for the prewar external debt of the Japanese State and for debts of corporate bodies subsequently declared to be liabilities of the Japanese State, and expresses its intention to enter into negotiations at an early date with its creditors with respect to the resumption of payments on those debts; to encourage negotiations in respect to other prewar claims and obligations; and to facilitate the transfer of sums accordingly. Article 19 (a) Japan waives all claims of Japan and its nationals against the Allied Powers and their nationals arising out of the war or out of actions taken because of the existence of a state of war, and waives all claims arising from the presence, operations or actions of forces or authorities of any of the Allied Powers in Japanese territory prior to the coming into force of the present Treaty. (b) The foregoing waiver includes any claims arising out of actions taken by any of the Allied Powers with respect to Japanese ships between 1 September 1939 and the coming into force of the present Treaty, as well as any claims and debts arising in respect to Japanese prisoners of war and civilian internees in the hands of the Allied Powers, but does not include Japanese claims specificially recognized in the laws of any Allied Power enacted since 2 September 1945. (c) Subject to reciprocal renunciation, the Japanese Government also renounces all claims (including debts) against Germany and German nationals on behalf of the Japanese Government and Japanese nationals, including intergovernmental claims and claims for loss or damage sustained during the war, but excepting (a) claims in respect of contracts entered into and rights acquired before 1 September 1939, and (b) claims arising out of trade and financial relations between Japan and Germany after 2 September 1945. Such renunciation shall not prejudice actions taken in accordance with Articles 16 and 20 of the present Treaty. (d) Japan recognizes the validity of all acts and omissions done during the period of occupation under or in consequence of directives of the occupation authorities or authorized by Japanese law at that time, and will take no action subjecting Allied nationals to civil or criminal liability arising out of such acts or omissions. Article 20 Japan will take all necessary measures to ensure such disposition of German assets in Japan as has been or may be determined by those powers entitled under the Protocol of the proceedings of the Berlin Conference of 1945 to dispose of those assets, and pending the final disposition of such assets will be responsible for the conservation and administration thereof. Article 21 Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 25 of the present Treaty, China shall be entitled to the benefits of Articles 10 and 14(a)2; and Korea to the benefits of Articles 2, 4, 9 and 12 of the present Treaty.
CHAPTER VI SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES Article 22 If in the opinion of any Party to the present Treaty there has arisen a dispute concerning the interpretation or execution of the Treaty, which is not settled by reference to a special claims tribunal or by other agreed means, the dispute shall, at the request of any party thereto, be referred for decision to the International Court of Justice. Japan and those Allied Powers which are not already parties to the Statute of the International Court of Justice will deposit with the Registrar of the Court, at the time of their respective ratifications of the present Treaty, and in conformity with the resolution of the United Nations Security Council, dated 15 October 1946, a general declaration accepting the jurisdiction, without special agreement, of the Court generally in respect to all disputes of the character referred to in this Article.
CHAPTER VII FINAL CLAUSES Article 23 (a) The present Treaty shall be ratified by the States which sign it, including Japan, and will come into force for all the States which have then ratified it, when instruments of ratification have been deposited by Japan and by a majority, including the United States of America as the principal occupying Power, of the following States, namely Australia, Canada, Ceylon, France, Indonesia, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, New Zealand, Pakistan, the Republic of the Philippines, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the United States of America. The present Treaty shall come into force of each State which subsequently ratifies it, on the date of the deposit of its instrument of ratification. (b) If the Treaty has not come into force within nine months after the date of the deposit of Japans ratification, any State which has ratified it may bring the Treaty into force between itself and Japan by a notification to that effect given to the Governments of Japan and the United States of America not later than three years after the date of deposit of Japans ratification. Article 24 All instruments of ratification shall be deposited with the Government of the United States of America which will notify all the signatory States of each such deposit, of the date of the coming into force of the Treaty under paragraph (a) of Article 23, and of any notifications made under paragraph (b) of Article 23. Article 25 For the purposes of the present Treaty the Allied Powers shall be the States at war with Japan, or any State which previously formed a part of the territory of a State named in Article 23, provided that in each case the State concerned has signed and ratified the Treaty. Subject to the provisions of Article 21, the present Treaty shall not confer any rights, titles or benefits on any State which is not an Allied Power as herein defined; nor shall any right, title or interest of Japan be deemed to be diminished or prejudiced by any provision of the Treaty in favour of a State which is not an Allied Power as so defined. Article 26 Japan will be prepared to conclude with any State which signed or adhered to the United Nations Declaration of 1 January 1942, and which is at war with Japan, or with any State which previously formed a part of the territory of a State named in Article 23, which is not a signatory of the present Treaty, a bilateral Treaty of Peace on the same or substantially the same terms as are provided for in the present Treaty, but this obligation on the part of Japan will expire three years after the first coming into force of the present Treaty. Should Japan make a peace settlement or war claims settlement with any State granting that State greater advantages than those provided by the present Treaty, those same advantages shall be extended to the parties to the present Treaty. Article 27 The present Treaty shall be deposited in the archives of the Government of the United States of America which shall furnish each signatory State with a certified copy thereof. IN FAITH WHEREOF the undersigned Plenipotentiaries have signed the present Treaty. DONE at the city of San Francisco this eighth day of September 1951, in the English, French, and Spanish languages, all being equally authentic, and in the Japanese language. For Argentina: Hipolito J. PAZ For Australia: Percy C. SPENDER For Belgium: Paul VAN ZEELAND SILVERCRUYS For Bolivia: Luis GUACHALLA For Brazil: Carlos MARTINS For Cambodia: PHLENG For Canada: Lester B. PEARSON For Ceylon: J.R. JAYEWARDENE For Chile: F. NIETO DEL RIO For Colombia: Cipriano RESTREPO JARAMILLO For Costa Rica: J. Rafael OREAMUNO For Cuba: O. GANS For the Dominican Republic: V. ORDONEZ For Ecuador: A. QUEVEDO For Egypt: Kamil A. RAHIM For El Salvador: Hector DAVID CASTRO For Ethiopia: Men YAYEJIJRAD For France: SCHUMANN For Greece: A.G. POLITIS For Guatemala: E. CASTILLO A. For Haiti: Jacques N. LEGER For Honduras: J.E. VALENZUELA For Indonesia: Ahmad SUBARDJO For Iran: A.G. ARDALAN For Iraq: A.I. BAKR For Laos: SAVANG For Lebanon: Charles MALIK For Liberia: Gabriel L. DENNIS For the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg: Hugues LE GALLAIS For Mexico: Rafael DE LA COLINA For the Netherlands: D.U. STIKKER For New Zealand: C. BERENDSEN For Nicaragua: G. SEVILLA SACASA For Norway: Wilhelm Munthe MORGENSTERNE For Pakistan: ZAFRULLAH KHAN For Panama: Ignacio MOLINO For Peru: Luis Oscar BOETTNER For the Republic of the Philippines: Carlos P. ROMULO For Saudi Arabia: Asad AL-FAQIH For Syria: F. EL-KHOURI For Turkey: Feridun C. ERKIN For the Union of South Africa: G.P. JOOSTE For the United Kingdom of Herbert MORRISON For the United States of America: Dean ACHESON For Uruguay: Jose A. MORA For Venezuela: Antonio M. ARAUJO For Viet-Nam: T.V. HUU For Japan: Shigeru YOSHIDA
參與會議的國家：共52國； 參與簽署的國家情形：共四十九國的代表簽署； 全文如下： 對日和約 各盟國及日本決定，他們此后之關系將是有主權的平等國家間之關系，在友好的結合下進行合作，以便促進他們共同的福利及維持國際和平與安全。因此，愿締結和約，借以解決一切由于他們之間存在之戰爭狀態所引起而尚未解決的問題。 日本方面申述其志愿：請求加入聯合國及在一切情形下遵守聯合國憲章之原則﹔致力于世界人權宣言的目的之實現﹔設法在日本國內造成安定及福利條件，一如聯合國憲章第五十五條及第五十六條所規定，并已由投降后日本立法所創造者﹔并在公私貿易及商業方面，遵守國際上通行的公正慣例。 各盟國對于上節所述日本之志愿表示歡迎。 因此，各盟國及日本決定締結本和平條約，為此各派簽名于后之全權代表，經將其所奉全權証書提出校閱，認為妥善，議訂下述條款：
第一章 和平 第一條 甲 ．日本與每一盟國間之戰爭狀態，依照本條約第二十三條之規定，自日本與該盟國間所締結之本條約生效時起，即告終止。 乙 ．各盟國承認日本人民對于日本及其領海有完全的主權。
第二章 領土 第二條 甲．日本承認朝鮮之獨立，并放棄對朝鮮包括濟州島、巨文島及郁陵島在內的一切權利、權利根據與要求。 乙．日本放棄對台灣及澎湖列島的一切權利、權利根據及要求。 丙．日本放棄對千島群島及由于1905年9月5日朴資茅斯條約所獲得主權之庫頁島一部分及其附近島嶼之一切權利、權利根據與要求。 丁．日本放棄與國際聯盟委任統治制度有關之一切權利、權利根據與要求，并接受1947年4月2日聯合國安全理事會將托管制度推行于從前委任日本統治的太平洋各島嶼之措施。 戊．日本放棄對于南極地域任何部分的任何權利、權利根據或利益之一切要求，不論其是由于日本國民之活動、或由于其他方式而獲得的。 已．日本放棄對南威島及西沙群島之一切權利、權利根據與要求。 第三條 日本對于美國向聯合國提出將北緯二十九度以南之南西諸島（包括琉球群島與大東群島）、孀婦岩島以南之南方諸島（包括小笠原群島、西之島與琉璜列島）及沖之鳥島與南鳥島置于聯合國托管制度之下，而以美國為唯一管理當局之任何提議，將予同意。在提出此種建議，并對此種建議采取肯定措施以前，美國將有權對此等島嶼之領土及其居民，包括其領海，行使一切及任何行政、立法與司法權力。 第四條 甲．日本及其國民在第二條所指區域內的財產及對于此等區域之現在行政當局及居民（包括法人）的要求，包括債務之處理，以及此等行政當局及居民在日本的財產及此等行政當局與居民對日本及其國民要求，包括債務之處理，應由日本及此等行政當局商訂特別處理辦法。任一盟國或其國民在第二條所指區域內之財產，若尚未歸還，應由行政當局依其現狀予以歸還（本條約所稱“國民”一詞，包括法人在內）。 本款應受本條乙款規定之限制。 乙．日本承認，美國軍政府對日本及其國民在第二條及第三條所指任何區域內財產之處理、或根據美國軍政府指令對該財產所作處理為有效。 丙．為日本所有之連接日本與依照本條約脫離日本統治的領土間的海底電線應平均分配。日本保留在日本之終點與其相聯電線之一半，該脫離之領土保留其余電線之一半及其相聯之終點設備。
第三章 安全 第五條 甲．日本接受聯合國憲章第二條所訂的義務，特別是下列各項義務： （一）應以和平方法解決國際爭端，俾免危及國際和平、安全及正義﹔ （二）在其國際關系上不得使用威脅或武力，或以與聯合國宗旨不符之任何其他方法，侵害任何國家之領土完整或政治獨立﹔ （三）對于聯合國依據憲章規定而采取之行動，應盡力予以協助，并于聯合國對于任何國家采取防止或執行行動時，對該國家不得給予協助。 乙．各盟國確認在其對日關系上，將以聯合國憲章第二條之原則為准繩。 丙．各盟國方面承認日本以一個主權國家資格，具有聯合國憲章第五十一條所提及的單獨或集體自衛之自然權利，并得自愿加入集體安全協定。 第六條 甲．各盟國所有占領軍，應于本條約生效后盡早撤離日本，無論如何，其撤離不得遲于本條約生效后九十日之期。但本款規定并不妨礙外國武裝部隊依照或由于一個或二個以上的盟國與日本業已締結或將締結之雙邊或多邊協定，而在日本領土上駐扎或留駐。 乙．1945年7月26日波茨坦宣言第九條關于遣送日本軍事部隊回國的規定之尚未完全實施者，應實施之。 丙．所有曾供占領軍使用、并于本條約生效時仍為占領軍所占有尚未予補償之日本財產，除相互協定訂有其他辦法外，均應于本條約生效后九十日內歸還日本政府。
第四章 政治及經濟條款 第七條 甲．各盟國在本條約對于該國及日本相互間生效后一年內，通知日本，其在戰前與日本所訂之雙邊條約，何者愿予繼續有效或恢復。經此通知后之條約，除僅應予以必要之修正，俾與本條約相符外，應繼續有效或恢復。經此通知后之條約，自通知之日起三個月后應視為繼續有效或已恢復，并應向聯合國秘書處登記。所有未經依照上述方法通知日本之條約，應認為業已廢止。 乙．依照本條甲款所作之任何通知中，得將由通知國所負有國際關系責任之任何領土，置于某一繼續實施的或恢復的條約之效力范圍以外。倘愿停止該項除外時，則自通知日本之日起，三個月以后停止。 第八條 甲．日本承認盟國現在或今后為結束自1939年9月1日開始之戰爭狀態而締結之一切條約以及盟國為恢復和平或關于恢復和平而訂之任何其他協定之完全效力。日本并接受為結束前國際聯盟及國際常設法庭所訂之各項協定。 乙．日本放棄其作為簽字國由1919年9月10日聖日耳曼公約，1936年7月20日蒙得婁海峽協定，以及1923年7月14日洛桑土耳其和約第十六條所取得之一切權利及利益。 丙．日本放棄其由下列各協定所取得之一切權利、權利根據及利益并解除由各該協定所發生之一切義務：1930年1月20日德國與各債權國間之協定及其附件，包括1930年5月17日之信托協定，1930年1月20日關于國際清算銀行之協定及國際清算銀行規程。日本將于本條約生效后六個月內將其放棄本項所稱之權利、權利根據及利益一事通知巴黎外交部。 第九條 日本將與愿意談判之盟國迅速進行關于規定或限制公海捕魚及保護與發展公海漁業之雙邊及多邊協定之談判。 第十條 日本放棄在中國之一切特權與利益，包括由于1901年9月7日在北京簽訂之最后議定書及其所有附件、補充照會與文件所產生之一切利益與特權，并同意就日本方面而言，該議定書及其所有附件、照會與文件概行作廢。 第十一條 日本接受遠東國際軍事法庭與其他在日本境內或境外之盟國戰罪法庭之判決，并將執行各該法庭所科予現被監禁于日本境內之日本國民之處刑。對此等人犯赦免、減刑與假釋之權，除由每一案件科刑之一個政府或數個政府之決定并由日本之建議外，不得行使。如該項人犯系由遠東國際軍事法庭所判決，該項權利除由參加該法庭之多數政府之決定并由日本之建議外，不得行使。 第十二條 甲．日本宣布准備立即與各盟國進行締結條約或協定之談判，借以將其貿易、船業及其他商務關系置于穩固與友好的基礎上。 乙．在有關條約或協定尚未締結之前，日本將在本條約生效之時起四年期內： （一）對于各盟國及其國民、貨物及船舶給與以下各項待遇： （甲）在關稅、捐稅、限制及適用于有關進出口貨物或其它規章方面，給與最惠國待遇﹔ （乙）關于船運、航行及進口貨物以及關于自然人與法人及其利益給予國民待遇。該項待遇包括關于賦課、征稅、訴訟、訂立及執行契約、財產權（有形和無形的），參加依照日本法律所設立之法團以及一般的從事各種商業及職業的活動。 （二）保証日本國營貿易企業之對外采購及銷售，應僅基于商業上的考慮。 丙．但無論任何事項，日本所給予某一盟國之國民待遇或最惠國待遇應僅以該有關盟國關于同一事項所給予日本之國民待遇或最惠國待遇之程度為限。上文所包含之互惠原則，其涉及某一盟國任何本部以外領土之產品、船舶與法團，及在該領土內有住所之人民，及涉及某一具有聯邦制度之盟國之任何一州或一省之法團及在該州或省有住所之人民者，應依照在該領土、州或省所給予日本之待遇決定之。 丁．在適用本條時，如果某項判別待遇辦法系基于引用該項辦法一方之商約中所通常規定之一項例外，或基于保護該方之對外財政地位或支付平衡之需要（除涉及船運及航行者外）或基于維護切要的安全利益之需要，則此等差別待遇辦法，不得視為對于國民待遇或最惠國待遇有所損害。但以該項辦法適合于情況，而非出以武斷或不合理之方式為限。 戊．本條所規定之日本義務，不得因本條約第十四條所規定任何盟國權利之行使而有所影響。本條各項規定，亦不得了解為限制日本在本條約第十五條下所承擔之義務。 第十三條 甲．日本遇有任何一盟國或數盟國請求締結關于國際民用航空運輸之雙邊或多邊協定時，應立即與該盟國舉行談判。 乙．在未締結該項協定以前，日本將在本條約生效之時起四年期內，給予該盟國以不低于在本條約生效時，該盟國等所先例之航空運輸權利及特權之待遇，并應在經營及發展空運業方面，給予完全平等之機會。 丙．日本在未依照國際民用航空公約第九十三條之規定，加入該公約之前，對于該公約內所適用于國際航空交通之條款，應予施行，并對于依照該公約條款作為附件規定的標准、辦法及手續，亦應予以施行。
第五章 要求及財產 第十四條 甲．茲承認，日本應對其在戰爭中所引起的損害及痛苦給盟國以賠償，但同時承認，如欲維持可以生存的經濟，則日本的資源目前不足以全部賠償此種損害及痛苦，并同時履行其他業務。因此： （一）日本愿盡速與那些愿意談判而其現有領土曾被日軍占領并曾遭受日本損害的盟國進行談判，以求將日本人民在制造上、打撈上及其他工作上的服務，供各盟國利用，作為協助賠償各該國修復其所受損害的費用。此項辦法應避免以增加的負擔加諸其他盟國。當需要制造原料時，應由各該盟國供給，借免以任何外匯上的負擔加諸日本。 （二）（甲）在受下列（乙）項各規定的限制下，每一盟國應有權扣押扣留、清算或以其他方法處置下列一切財產、權利及利益﹔ （子）屬于日本及其國民者﹔ （丑）屬于日本或其國民的代理人或代表人者﹔ （寅）屬于為日本或其國民所有的或控制的團體，而該項財產在本條約生效時即受該盟國管轄者。本項所規定的財產、權利及利益應包括現在由盟國敵產管理當局封存、處理、占有或管制者，而這些財產、權利及利益在由敵產管理當局加以管制之時是屬于上列（子）（丑）（寅）各目所述任何個人或團體所有或代表個人或團體保管或管理者。 （乙）以下各目不在上列（甲）項所規定的權利之內： （子）在戰爭期內，經有關政府准許，在未經日本占領的盟國領土內居住之日本自然人之財產，但在戰爭期內受到限制而在本條約生效時仍受此種限制的財產，則不在此列。 （丑）屬于日本政府所有并為外交或領事目的使用的一切不動產、家具與固定設備、私人家具與設備，以及其他非投資性質的、且為執行外交與領事職務所經常必需的、日本外交及領事人員所有的私人財產﹔ （寅）屬于宗教團體或私人慈善機構，并純為宗教或慈善目的使用的財產﹔ （卯）有關國家因在1945年9月2日以后與日本恢復貿易及財產關系而歸該國管轄的財產、權利及利益，但由于違反有關盟國的法律的交易而獲得者，不在此列。 （辰）日本或其國民的債務，對于日本境內有形財產的任何權利、權利根據或利益，對于依照日本法律所組織的企業的利益，或任何有關的書面証據，但此項例外應僅適用于日本及其國民以日本貨幣計算之債務。 （丙）以上（子）目至（辰）目的例外所提及財產應予歸還，但為保存及管理此項財產而支出的合理費用得予扣除。如任何此限財產已被清算，則應歸還其清算所得之款。 （丁）以上（子）目所規定之扣押、扣留、清算或以其他方式處理財產的權利，應依照有關的盟國之法律行使之，該所有人應僅具有那些法律所給予他的權利。 （戊）各盟國同意對日本商標及其文學上與藝朮上的財產權利，予以依每一盟國情形許可范圍內的優遇。 乙．除本條約另有規定者外，各盟國茲放棄其一切賠償要求，盟國及其國民對由日本及其國民在作戰過程中所采行動而產生的其他要求，以及盟國對于占領的直接軍事費用的要求。 第十五條 甲．各盟國及其國民，自1941年12月7日至1945年9月2日間之任何期間，所有在日本之有形及無形財產及一切權利或任何種之利益，經于日本與有關盟國間的本條約生效后九個月內提出者，日本應自請求之日起六個月內歸還之，但為所有人未經脅迫或詐欺而業已自由處理者不在此列。此項財產應予歸還，并免除因戰爭所加予之負擔與費用，歸還時亦不需任何費用。所有人或其代理人或其政府在規定期間內未請求發還之財產，日本政府得自行決定處理。如此項財產于1941年12月7日系在日本境內而不能歸還或已因戰爭而遭損害或毀壞者，則當依不低于日本內閣于191年7月13日通過的盟國財產賠償法草案所規定的條件賠償之。 乙．關于在戰時遭受損害之工業財產權利，日本對于盟國及其國民將繼續給予不少于1949年9月1日生效之內閣命令第三○九，1950年1月28日生效之命令第十二號及1950年2月1日生效之命令第九號及各該命令之所有修正所給予之利益，但以此項國民曾在規定之期限內請求此種利益者為限。 丙．（一）日本承認在1941年12月6日存在于日本境內有關盟國及其國民已出版或未出版之文學或藝朮作品的財產權利，在該日以后繼續有效，并承認在該日以后由于日本在該日仍為締約國之任何公約或協定之效力而在日本產生的權利，或若不是因為戰爭而可能產生的權利，不論此類公約或協定在戰爭爆發時或以后曾否由日本或有關盟國以國內法予以廢止或暫停其效力。 （二）不待權利所有人申請及繳納任何費用或履行任何其他手續，自1941年12月7日至日本與有關盟國間的本條約生效日之期間應自其權利正常繼續期間計算中減除之﹔此項期間，并另加六個月期間，應自一文藝作品為獲得在日本之翻譯權利而必須譯成日文之期限內減除之。 第十六條 為對盟國武裝部隊人員在為日本戰俘期間所受過分之痛苦表示賠償之愿望起見，日本允將在戰時中立之國家或與任何盟國作戰之國家內的日本及其國民所有資產或由其所選擇的此類資產之等價物稱交紅十字國際委員會，由其清理此項資產，并將所得資金，依其所認為公平之基礎，分配予前戰俘及其家屬。但本條約第十四條甲（二）（乙）（丑）至（辰）各目所述各類資產，及在本條約最初生效時不住在日本的日本自然人的資產，不在移交之列。并了解，本條關于移交之規定，不適用于現為日本金融機關所有之國際清算銀行一萬九千七百七十股份。 第十七條 甲．日本政府經任一盟國之請求，對于日本捕獲審檢所涉及盟國國民所有權之案件所作之判決或命令，應依國際法原則予以復核及修正，并提供此項案件記錄之全部文件抄本，包括所作制決及所頒布之命令，如該復核或修正顯示必須恢復權利時，則第十五條之規定應該適用于該有關之財產。 乙．日本政府應采取一切必要措施，以便任一盟國國民在日本有關盟國間的本條約生效之日起一年內之任何時期，得向日本有關當局提請復核從1941年12月7日起至本條約生效之日期內所作之任何判決，而在該案任何程序中，該國民未能以原告或被告之身份為充分之陳述者，如該國民因此項判決而愛損害，日本政府應設法使其能恢復在未作判決前之地位，或獲得依其情形公允平衡之救濟。 第十八條 甲．茲承認，由于戰爭狀態存在前已有之義務與契約（包括有關債者）及已取得之權利所產生，而系日本政府或其國民應付予任何一盟國政府或其國民，或系任何一盟國政府或其國民應付于日本政府或其國民的金錢債務之償付義務，并不因戰爭狀態之介入而受影響。對于因為在戰爭狀態介入以前發生之財產的喪失或損害或個人的受傷或死亡而由任一盟國政府向日本政府或由日本政府向任何盟國政府提出或再提出之要求，應就其案情予以考慮之義務，亦不得視為因戰爭狀態之介入而受影響。本款之規定并不妨礙本條約第十四條所授與之權利。 乙．日本承認對戰前日本國家的外債及隨后宣布由日本國家承擔之法人組織之債務負有義務，并表示愿早日與債權人就恢復償付債務一事進行談判﹔關于其他戰前的要求及債務之談判予以鼓勵﹔并對于由此而發生之款項的撥匯亦予以便利。 第十九條 甲．日本放棄日本及其國民對盟國及其國民因戰爭狀態之存在所采行動而發生的一切要求，并放棄其由于本條約生效以前任何盟國軍隊或當局在日本領土內之留駐，軍事行動或其他行動而產生的一切要求。 乙．上述的放棄包括對因任何盟國自1939年9月1日至本條約生效之日對日本船舶所采取行動而產生的任何要求，并包括因在盟國拘留下的戰俘及平民所產生的任何要求與債務在內，但任何盟國自1945年9月2日以后制定的法律所承認的日本之要求，則不在包括之列。 丙．在相互聲明放棄的條件下，日本政府代表日本政府及日本國民聲明放棄其對德國國民的一切要求（包括債務在內），包括政府間的要求及為戰時所受損失或損害之要求在內，但下列兩項要求除外：（一）與在1939年9月1日以前所訂契約及所取得的權利有關的要求，及（二）由于在1945年9月2日以后德國及日本間的貿易與金融關系而產生的要求。此項放棄聲明應不妨礙根據本條約第十六條及第二十條而采取的行動。 丁．日本承認在占領期間由于或在占領當局指令之下或由當時日本法律所授權而造成的行為與不行為的效力，而且不應采取行動使盟國的國民擔負由于此等行為或不行為而產生的民事的或刑事的責任。 第二十條 日本將采取必要措施，保証依照1945年柏林會議的議定書中有權處分德國在日本資產之各國所已決定或可能決定的對該等資產之處分得以實施。又日本在該等資產未作最后處分之前，將負保存及管理之責。 第二十一條 雖有本條約第二十五條的規定，中國仍得享有第十條及第十四條甲款二項所規定的利益﹔朝鮮得享有本條約第二條，第九條及第十二條所規定的利益。
第六章 爭議之解決 第二十二條 倘本條約之任何一方認為業已發生有關本條約的解釋及執行而未能提出于特別要求法庭或以其他協議方法解決的爭議時，該項爭議應在當事任何一方的請求下，提交國際法院裁決之。日本及尚非國際法院規約組成國之各盟國，在其各別批准本條約時，均將依照聯合國安全理事會1946年10月15日之決議，向國際法院書記官長遞送一概括宣言、聲明對于有關具有本條所提及的性質之一切爭議，一般的接受國際法院的管轄權，而毋須另訂特別規定。
第七章 最后條款 第二十三條 甲．本條約應由包括日本在內的簽字國批准，并應于日本及包括作為主要占領國的美國在內之下列過半數國家，即澳大利亞、加拿大、錫蘭、法國、印度尼西亞、荷蘭王國、新西蘭、巴基斯坦、菲律賓共和國、大不列顛和北愛爾蘭聯合王國及美利堅合眾國業已交存其批准書后，對各該批准國發生效力。對于其后批准的國家，本條約即于各該國家交存其批准書之日起，發生效力。 乙．如本條約在日本交存其批准書九個月后尚未生效，任何批准國得為此目的，于日本交存批准書之日起三年內，以通知給日本政府及美國政府，使本條約在該國與日本間發生效力。 第二十四條 所有批准書應交存美利堅合眾國政府，美利堅合眾國政府將以上述交存情況，依照第二十三條甲款本條約生效之日期以及依照第二十三條乙款規定所作的通知，通知所有簽字國。 第二十五條 本條約所稱盟國應為曾與日本作戰之國家，或任何以前構成第二十三條中所指的國家的領土一部分之國家，假如各該有關國家系已簽署及批准本條約者。除第二十一條之規定外，本條約對于非本條所指盟國之任何國家，不給予任何權利、權利根據及利益﹔本條約之任何規定也不得有利于非本條所指盟國而廢棄或損害日本之任何權利、權利根據或利益。 第二十六條 日本准備與任何簽署或加入1942年1月1日聯合國宣言，且對日本作戰而非本條約簽字國之國家，或以任何以前構成第二十三條中所指的國家的領土的一部分而非本條約簽字國之國家訂立一與本條約相同的或大致相同之雙邊條約，但日本之此項義務，將于本條約最初生效后三年屆滿時終止，倘日本與任何國家成立一媾和協議或戰爭賠償協議，給予該國以較本條約規定更大之利益時，則此等利益應同樣給予本條約之締約國。 第二十七條 本條約應存放于美利堅合眾國政府檔案庫。美利堅合眾國政府應以本條約之認証付本一份送致每一簽字國。 后面簽署的各全權代表簽字在本條約上以資証明。 1951年9月8日訂于舊金山，用同等有效的英文、法文和西班牙文以及日文寫成。 (下面為簽名者、略) ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ | |
NO:534_19
| 過客 於 2003/08/28 03:27 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1945.08.13《蔣致麥帥派任徐為受降代表》 蔣介石於１９４５年８月１３日致函麥克阿瑟，奉告中國已派徐永昌將軍為其接受日本武裝部隊投降之代表。 全文如下： 麾下，派徐永昌將軍為余接受日本武裝部隊投降之代表，茲特專函介紹徐永昌將軍，囑其持函晉謁 麾下。徐將軍在敝國內迭任軍事要職，近六年來任軍事委員會軍令部長，功績卓著。余對之信任甚深，其能對於規所派充之任務執行成功，余伙疑焉，敬希 麾下予以各項必需之合作及指導，此不獨為徐將軍所感激，即余與中國政府亦將同深感激也。 願向閣下重表敬意，並祝 （全文資料參考自：陳志奇輯編 國立編繹館主編 渤海堂文化公司印行 《中華民國外交史料彙編 十五》p.7071） | |
NO:534_20
| 過客 於 2003/08/28 03:29 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1945.08.11「蔣電令朱德就地待命 」中文 ---------------------------- 內容來源：卷三十七 別錄 隸屬章節：別錄 ＼中華民國三十四年 版面原件：第309頁 〔第309頁〕 ——中華民國三十四年八月十一日—— 延安第十八集團軍朱總司令、彭副總司令：現在日本已正式宣告向四大盟國投降，關於盟邦受降各項問題，正在交換意見，即將作最後決定。本委員長經電令部隊一律聽候本會命令，根據盟邦協議執行受降之一切決定。所有該集團軍所屬各部隊，應就原地駐防待命；在各戰區作戰地境內之部隊，並應接受各該戰區司令長官之管轄。政府對於敵軍之繳械、敵俘之收容、偽軍之處理及收復地區秩序之恢復、政權之行使等事項，均已統籌決定，分令實施。為維護國家命令之尊嚴，恪守盟邦共同之規定，各部隊勿再擅自行動為要！除分令外；希即嚴飭所部一體遵照。 | |
NO:534_21
| 過客 於 2003/08/28 03:38 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1945.08.16「蔣電令何應欽全權處理日軍投降」中文 蔣委員長於１９４５年８月１６日電令陸軍總司令何應欽全權處理日軍投降事宜，並通令全國各行營、各行轅主任、各戰區司令長官等，一律遵奉何總司令指示辦理。 電文如下： 附錄：中國戰區受降範圍 三十四年（一九四五）八月十五日，日本正式向盟國投降，我國按照盟軍最高統帥麥克阿瑟將軍所劃分的受降區的規定，中國戰區受降範圍，應為中華民國（東北除外）、臺灣，及越南北緯十六度以外的地區，日軍投降代表為日本駐華派遺軍總司令岡村寧次大將，其所轄投降的兵力計有： 華北方面軍： 三二六、二四四人 以上各地區的總兵力為一百二十八萬三千二百人。共一個總司令部，三個方面軍、十個軍、三十六個師團（內戰車師團一、飛行師團二），四十一個獨立旅團，其他獨立特種部隊二十五個隊。
---------------------------- 內容來源：卷三十七 別錄 隸屬章節：別錄 ＼中華民國三十四年 版面原件：第310頁，第311頁 〔第310頁〕 ——中華民國三十四年八月十八日—— 以何應欽總司令負責處理在中國戰區內之全部敵軍投降事宜。並明確規定十二項任務如下： ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ | |
NO:534_22
| 過客 於 2003/08/28 03:46 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1945.08.21「何應欽備忘錄第一號」 全文如下： 日期 中華民國三十四年八月二十一日 一、本人以中國戰區陸軍總司令之地位，奉中國戰區最高統帥特級上將 蔣中正之命令，接受在中華民國（遼寧、吉林、黑龍江三省除外）臺灣及越南北緯十六度以北之地區內日本高級指揮官，及全部陸海空軍與其輔助部隊之投降。 二、日本駐華最高指揮官岡村寧次將軍，應自接受本備忘錄之時起，立即執行本總司令之一切規定，在臺灣及越南北緯十六度以北地區內之日軍亦同此規定，並應由岡村寧次將軍負責指揮該項日軍之投降。 三、岡村寧次將軍於接受此備忘錄後，關於下列事項，應立即對日本陸海空軍下達必要之命令。 四、為監視日軍執行本總司令之一切命令起見，特派本部副參謀長冷欣中將，先到南京設立本總司令前進指揮所。凡冷欣中將所要求之事項應迅速照辦。 五、岡林寧次將軍親自向本總司令接受有關日本陸海空軍投降實施之正式手續，及 蔣委員長之詳細命令之時間及地點，俟盟軍統帥麥克阿瑟將軍，接受日本總投降後，另行通知。 中國戰區中國陸軍總司令陸軍一級上將 何應欽 中國戰區各區受降主官分配表 三十四年八月廿一日
第一方面軍司令官盧漢 越南北緯十六度以北地區。 | |
NO:534_23
| 過客 於 2003/08/28 14:42 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1945.08.26「何應欽備忘錄第十二號」中文 全文如下： 日期 中華民國三十四年八月二十六日 一、本總司令中字第一號備忘錄第二項規定，臺灣越南北緯十六度北地區內之日本陸海空軍，及其輔助部隊，應由貴官負責指揮，向本總司令投降。 二、刻本總司令又奉命接受澎湖列島之日本陸海空軍及其輔助部隊之投降。此地區內之日軍亦應由貴官負責指揮向本總司今投降。 三、布貴官立即召集越南北緯十六度以北，及臺灣澎湖之日軍最高指揮或其全權代表，暨駐在上述地區與駐在中國之海軍最高指揮或其全權代表，於九月二日以前，齊集南京，準備與貴官同時參加簽字，並接受本總司令之命令。 中國戰區中國陸軍總司令陸軍一級上將 何應欽
全文如下： 日期 中華民國三十四年九月三日 中國戰區中國陸軍總司令陸軍一級上將 何應欽
全文如下： 日期 中華民國三十四年九月五日 一、茲規定本總司令接受日軍投降之地點日期間及日軍投降代表簽字人與日軍投降代表出席人如下： 二、前條各項希照辦。 中國戰區中國陸軍總司令陸軍一級上將 何應欽
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NO:534_24
| 過客 於 2003/08/28 14:49 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1951.02.01《聯合國宣佈中共為侵略者的決議》中文
大會 鑒於中華人民共和國中央人民政府對聯合國設法終止在朝鮮之戰鬥行為以求和平解決之提案並未接受，且以軍隊繼續進犯朝鮮並對聯合國在朝鮮之軍隊作大規模之攻擊： 一、斷定中華人民共和國中央人民政府既直接援助與協助侵略朝鮮之人，並與聯合國在朝鮮之軍隊作戰，該政府已在朝鮮從事侵略； 二、促請中華人民共和國中央人民政府命令其在朝鮮之軍隊與國民終止對聯合國軍隊之戰鬥行為，並即撤離朝鮮； 三、申明聯合國繼續在朝鮮應付侵略之決心； 四、促請所有國家及當局對聯合國在朝鮮所取之行動繼續予以一切協助； 五、促請所有各國家及當局對侵略朝鮮者勿予以任何協助； 六、請由集體辦法委員會委員組成之委員會急速審議用以應付上述侵略之其他措施，並向大會具報，各方了解：若下文所稱之斡旋團因所作努力提出令人滿意之進度報告，則此委員會得暫緩提出報告書； 七、申明聯合國之政策仍在設法終止在朝鮮之戰鬥行為並以和平方法達成聯石國在朝鮮之目標，並請大會主席立即指派兩人會同主席相機進行斡，以求達此目的。 （譯文取自聯大中文記錄） （全文資料參考自：丘宏達編譯 三民書局印行 《現代國際法基本文件》p.452） | |
NO:534_25
| 過客 於 2003/08/28 15:27 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1952.04.28《日華和約》- 英文 http://www.ioc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~worldjpn/documents/texts/docs/19520428.T1E.html 註：以下包含 －－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ [Title] Treaty of Peace Between Japan and the Republic of China [Date] 1952/04/28 [Full text]
The Government of Japan:
(b) Japan and the Republic of China will cooperate in accordance with the principles of the Charter of the United Nations and, in particular, will promote their common welfare through friendly cooperation in the economic field.
DONE in duplicate at Taipei, this Twenty Eighth day of the Fourth month of the Twenty Seventh year of Showa of Japan corresponding to the Twenty Eighth day of the Fourth month of the Forty First year of the Republic of China and to the Twenty Eighth day of April in the year One Thousand Nine Hundred and Fifty Two. FOR JAPAN: FOR THE REPUBLIC OF CHINA: Protocol Signed at Taipei, April 28, 1952 At the moment of signing this day the Treaty of Peace between Japan and the Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the present Treaty), the undersigned Plenipotentiaries have agreed upon the following terms which shall constitute an integral part of the present Treaty: 1. The application of Article XI of the present Treaty shall be subject to the following understandings: (a) Wherever a period is stipulated in the San Francisco Treaty during which Japan assumes an obligation or undertaking, such period shall, in respect of any part of the territories of the Republic of China, commence immediately when the present Treaty becomes applicable to such part of the territories. (b) As a sign of magnanimity and good will towards the Japanese people, the Republic of China voluntarily waives the benefit of the services to be made available by Japan pursuant to Article 14 (a) 1 of the San Francisco Treaty. (c) Articles 11 and 18 of the San Francisco Treaty shall be excluded from the operation of Article XI of the present Treaty. 2. The commerce and navigation between Japan and the Republic of China shall be governed by the following Arrangements: (a) Each Party will mutually accord to nationals, products and vessels of the other Party: (i) Most-favored-nation treatment with respect to customs duties, charges, restrictions and other regulations on or in connection with the importation and exportation of goods; and (ii) Most-favored-nation treatment with respect to shipping, navigation and imported goods, and with respect to natural and juridical, persons and their interests - such treatment to include all matters pertaining to the levying and collection of taxes, access to the courts, the making and performance of contracts, rights to property (including those relating to intangible property and excluding those with respect to mining), participation in juridical entities, and generally the conduct of all kinds of business and professional activities with the exception of financial (including insurance) activities and those reserved by either Party exclusively to its nationals. (b) Whenever the grant of most-favored-nation treatment by either Party to the other Party, concerning rights to property, participation in juridical entities and conduct of business and professional activities, as specified in sub-paragraph (a) (ii) of this paragraph, amounts in effect to the grant of national treatment, such Party shall not be obligated to grant more favorable treatment than that granted by the other Party under most-favored-nation treatment. (c) External purchases and sales of government trading enterprises shall be based solely on commercial considerations. (d) In the application of the present Arrangements, it is understood (i) that vessels of the Republic of China shall be deemed to include all those registered under the laws and regulations which have been or may hereafter be enforced by the Republic of China in Taiwan (Formosa) and Penghu (the Pescadores); and products of the Republic of China shall be deemed to include all those originating in Taiwan (Formosa) and Penghu (the Pescadores); and (ii) that a discriminatory measure shall not be considered to derogate from the grant of treatments prescribed above, if such measure is based on an exception customarily provided for in the commercial treaties of the Party applying it, or on the need to safeguard that Patys external financial position or balance of payments (except in respect to shipping and navigation), or on the need to maintain its essential security interests, and provided such measure is proportionate to the circumstances and not applied in an arbitrary or unreasonable manner. The Arrangements set forth in this paragraph shall remain in force for a period of one year as from the date on which the present Treaty enters into force. DONE in duplicate at Taipei, this Twenty Eighth day of the Fourth month of the Twenty Seventh year of Showa of Japan corresponding to the Twenty Eighth day of the Fourth month of the Forty First year of the Republic of China and to the Twenty Eighth day of April in the year One Thousand Nine Hundred and Fifty Two. (Isao Kawada) (Yeh Kung Chao) PROTOCOL (PROTOCOL CONCERNING PROLONGATION OF THE EFFECTIVE PERIOD OF PARAGRAPH 2 OF THE PROTOCOL ANNEXED TO THE TREATY OF PEACE BETWEEN JAPAN AND THE REPUBLIC OF CHINA) Signed at Tokyo, July 18, 1953 WHEREAS there still remains to be concluded a treaty or agreement concerning trading, maritime and other commercial relations as referred to in Article VII of the Treaty of Peace between Japan and the Republic of China, signed at Taipei on April 28, 1952 (hereinafter referred to as the Peace Treaty); and THEREFORE, the Government of Japan and the Government of the Republic of China have agreed upon the following terms: 1. The term of duration of the above-mentioned Arrangement shall be extended until the expiration of a period of two years as from August 5, 1953, or until the conclusion between the two Parties of a treaty or agreement concerning trading, maritime and other commercial relations, whichever is the earlier. 2. The present protocol shall enter into force upon an exchange of notes between the two Parties, indication that each Party has completed such procedures for putting into effect the Protocol as may be necessary under its own law. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned, being duly authorized by their respective Governments, have signed the present Protocol. Done in duplicate in the Japanese, Chinese and English languages at Tokyo, this Eighteenth day of the Seventh responding to the Eighth year of Showa of Japan corresponding to the Eighteenth day of the Seventh month of the Forty Second year of the Republic of China and to the Eighteenth day of July in the year One Thousand Nine Hundred and Fifty Three. For Japan: For the Republic of China: PROTOCOL (PROTOCOL CONCERNING PROLONGATION OF THE EFFECTIVE PERIOD OF PARAGRAPH 2 OF THE PROTOCOL ANNEXED TO THE TREATY OF PEACE BETWEEN JAPAN AND THE REPUBLIC OF CHINA) Signed at Tokyo, July 2, 1955 WHEREAS there still remains to be concluded a treaty or agreement concerning trading, maritime and other commercial relations as referred to in Article VII of the Treaty of Peace between Japan and Republic of China, signed at Taipei on April 28, 1952 (hereinafter referred to as the Peace Treaty); and WHEREAS the term of duration, as extended by the Protocol signed at Tokyo on July 18, 1953, of the Arrangements concerning commerce and navigation set forth in paragraph 2 of the Protocol, which constitutes an integral part of the Peace Treaty, expires on August 4, 1955; THEREFORE, the Government of Japan and the Government of the Republic of China have agreed upon the following terms; 1. The term of duration of the above-mentioned Arrangements shall be extended until the expiration of a period of one year as from August 5, 1955, and, should neither Party notify the other, three months prior to its expiration, of the intention to bring it to an end, it shall be extended until the expiration of another period of one year and so on. However, the Arrangements shall cease to be effective upon the conclusion between the two Parties of a treaty or agreement concerning trading, maritime and other commercial relations. 2. The present Protocol shall enter into force upon an exchange of notes between the two Parties, indicating that each Party has completed such procedures for putting into effect the Protocol as may be necessary under its own law. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned, being duly authorized by their respective Governments, have signed the present Protocol. DONE in duplicate in the Japanese, Chinese and English languages at Tokyo, this Second day of the Seventh month of the Thirtieth year of Showa of Japan corresponding to the Second day of the Seventh month of the Forty Fourth year of the Republic of China and to the Second day of July in the year One Thousand Nine Hundred and Fifty Five. For Japan: For the Republic of China: Exchange of Notes Dated at Taipei, April 28, 1952 No. 1. Excellency, In regard to the Treaty of Peace between Japan and the Republic of China signed this day, I have the honor to refer, on behalf of my Government, to the understanding reached between us that the terms of the present Treaty shall, in respect of the Republic of China, be applicable to all the territories which are now, or which may hereafter be, under the control of its Government. I shall be appreciative, if you will confirm the understanding set forth above. I avail myself of this opportunity to convey to Your Excellency the assurance of my highest consideration. (Isao Kawada) His Excellency Monsieur Yeh Kung Chao, Exchange of Notes No. 1. Excellency, In connection with the Treaty of Peace between the Republic of China and Japan signed this day, I have the honor to acknowledge receipt of Your Excellencys Note of to-days date reading as follows: In regard to the Treaty of Peace between Japan and the Republic of China signed this day, I have the honor to refer, on behalf of my Government, to the understanding reached between us that the terms of the present Treaty shall, in respect of the Republic of China, be applicable to all the territories which are now, or which may hereafter be, under the control of its Government. I shall be appreciative, if you will confirm the understanding set forth above. I have the honor to confirm, on behalf of my Governmnent{sic}, the understanding set forth in Your Excellencys Note under reply. I avail myself of this opportunity to convey to Your Excellency the assurance of my highest consideration. (Yeh Kung Chao) His Excellency Mr. Isao Kawada, Exchange of Notes No. 2. Excellency, I have the honor to state that it is the understanding of my Government that pending the conclusion of the agreement envisaged in Article VIII of the Treaty of Peace between the Republic of China and Japan signed this day, the relevant provisions of the San Francisco Treaty shall apply. I have the honor to request that Your Excellency will be so good as to confirm that this is also the understanding of the Government of Japan. I avail myself of this opportunity to renew to Your Excellency the assurance of my highest consideration. (Yeh Kung Chao) His Excellency Mr. Isao Kawada, Exchange of Notes No. 2. Excellency, In connection with the Treaty of Peace between Japan and the Republic of China signed this day, I have the honor to acknowledge receipt of Your Excellencys Note of to-days date reading as follows: I have the honor to state that it is the understanding of my Government that pending the conclusion of the agreement envisaged in Article VIII of the Treaty of Peace between the Republic of China and Japan signed this day, the relevant provisions of the San Francisco Treaty shall apply. I have the honor to request that Your Excellency will be so good as to confirm that this is also the understanding of the Government of Japan. I have the honor to confirm that this is also the understanding of the Government of Japan. I avail myself of this opportunity to extend to Your Excellency the assurance of my highest consideration. (Isao Kawada) His Excellency Monsieur Yeh Kung Chao, Exchange of Notes Taipei, April 28, 1952. Excellency, In regard to the Treaty of Peace between Japan and the Republic of China signed this day, I have the honor to refer, on behalf of my Government, to the claims of Japan concerning her fishing vessels captured or seized by the authorities of the Republic of China after the date of September 2, 1945. As these claims had formed a subject of negotiation between the SCAP and the Government of Japan on the one hand and the Government of the Republic of China on the other before the San Francisco Treaty was concluded, it is proposed that such negotiation be continued and that these claims be settled without any reference to the relevant provisions of the Treaty of Peace between Japan and the Republic of China signed this day. I shall be appreciative, if you will, on behalf of the Government of the Republic of China, signify your acceptance of the proposal set forth above. I avail myself of this opportunity to convey to Your Excellency the assurance of my highest consideration. (Isao Kawada) His Excellency Monsieur Yeh Kung Chao. Exchange of Notes Taipei, April 28, 1952. Excellency, In connection with the Treaty of Peace between the Republic of China and Japan signed this day, I have the honor to acknowledge receipt of Your Excellencys Note of to-days date reading as follows: In regard to the Treaty of Peace between Japan and the Republic of China signed this day, I have the honor to refer, on behalf of my Government, to the claims of Japan concerning her fishing vessels captured or seized by the authorities of the Republic of China after the date of September 2, 1945. As these claims had formed a subject of negotiation between the SCAP and the Government of Japan on the one hand and the Government of the Republic of China on the other before the San Francisco Treaty was concluded, it is proposed that such negotiation be continued and that these claims be settled without any reference to the relevant provisions of the Treaty of Peace between Japan and the Republic of China signed this day. I shall be appreciative, if you will, on behalf of the Government of the Republic of China, signify you acceptance of the proposal set forth above. I avail myself of this opportunity to renew to Your Excellency the assurance of my highest consideration. (Yeh Kung Chao) His Excellency Mr. Isao Kawada, Agreed Minutes Signed at Taipei, April 28, 1952 I. It is my understanding that the expression or which may hereafter be in the Notes No. 1 exchanged to-day can be taken to mean and which may hereafter be. Is it so? Japanese Delegate: Yes, it is so. I assure you that the Treaty is applicable to all the territories under the control of the Government of the Republic of China. II. It is my understanding that the property, rights or interests in Japan of the collaborationist regimes created in China, as a result of the so-called Mukden incient of September 18, 1931, such as Manchukuo and the Wang Ching Wei regime, shall be transferable to the Republic of China upon agreement between the two Parties in accordance with the relevant provisions of the present Treaty and of the San Francisco Treaty. Is it so? Japanese Delegate: It is so. III. I understand that nothing in the provisions under Article 14 (a) 2 (II) (ii) of the San Francisco Treaty shall be construed to extend any exceptions to the real property, furniture and fixtures used by such set-ups as were established since September 18, 1931 without the concurrence of the Republic of China and were once claimed to be diplomatic or consular set-ups of the Japanese Government in China and the personal furniture and furnishings and other private property used by the personnel of such set-ups. It is so? Japanese Delegate: It is so. IV. It is my understanding that since the Republic of China has voluntarily waived the service compensation as stated in paragraph 1 (b) of the Protocol of the present Treaty, the only benefit that remains to be extended to her under Article 14 (a) of the San Francisco Treaty is Japans external assets as stipulated in Article 14 (a) 2 of the same Treaty. Is it so? Chinese Delegate: Yes, it is so. (Isao Kawada) (Yeh Kung Chao)
1952.04.28《中日和約》中文 註：以下包含 ----------------------------------- 全文如下：
第一條 中華民國與日本國間之戰爭狀態，自本約發生效力之日起，即告終止。 第二條 茲承認依照公曆一千九百五十一年九月八日在美利堅合眾國金山市簽訂之對日和平條約 (以下簡稱金山和約) 第二條，日本國業已放棄對於臺灣及澎湖群島以及南沙群島及西沙群島之一切權利、權利名義與要求。 第三條 關於日本國及國民在臺灣及澎湖之財產及其對於在臺灣及澎湖之中華民國當局及居民所作要求 (包括債權在內) 之處置，及該中華民國當局及居民在日本國之財產及其對於日本國及日本國國民所作要求 (包括債權在內) 之處置，應由中華民國政府與日本國政府間另商特別處理辦法。本約任何條款所用「國民」及「居民」等名詞，均包括法人在內。 第四條 茲承認中國與日本國間在中華民國三十年即公曆一千九百四十一年十二月九日以前所締結之一切條約、專約及協定，均因戰爭結果而歸無效。 第五條 茲承認依照金山和約第十條之規定，日本國業已放棄在中國之一切特殊權利及利益，包括由於中華民國紀元前十一年即公曆一千九百零一年九月七日在北京簽訂之最後議定書與一切附件及補充之各換文暨文件所產生之一切利益與特權；並已同意就關於日本國方面廢除該議定書、附件、換文及文件。 第六條 第七條 中華民國與日本國願儘速商訂一項條約或協定，藉以將兩國貿易、航業及其他商務關係，置於穩定與友好之基礎上。 第八條 中華民國與日本國願儘速商訂一項關於民用航空運輸之協定。 第九條 中華民國與日本國願儘速締結一項為規範或限制捕魚、及保存暨開發公海漁業之協定。 第一○條 就本約而言，中華民國國民應認為包括依照中華民國在臺灣及澎湖所已施行或將來可能施行之法律規章而具有中國國籍之一切臺灣及澎湖居民及前屬臺灣及澎湖之居民及其後裔；中華民國法人應認為包括依照中華民國在臺灣及澎湖所已施行或將來可能施行之法律規章所登記之一切法人。 第一一條 除本約及其補充文件另有規定外，凡在中華民國與日本國間因戰爭狀態存在之結果而引起之任何問題，均應依照金山和約之有關規定予以解決。 第一二條 凡因本約之解釋或適用可能發生之任何爭執，應以磋商或其他和平方式解決之。 第一三條 本約應予批准，批准文件應儘速在臺北互換。本約應自批准文件互換之日起發生效力。 第一四條 本約應分繕中文、日文及英文。遇有解釋不同，應以英文本為準。 為此，雙方全權代表各於本約簽字蓋章，以昭信守。 本約共繕二份，於中華民國四十一年四月二十八日即日本國昭和二十七年四月二十八日即公曆一千九百五十二年四月二十八日訂於臺北。 中華民國代表：葉公超 (蓋印) 日本國代表：河田烈 (蓋印) ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ 1952.04.28《中日和約議定書》 全文如下： 中華民國與日本國間和平條約之議定書 署名於後之雙方全權代表，於本日簽署中華民國與日本國間和平條約 (以 (一) 本約第十一條之實施，應以下列各項了解為準； (二) 中華民國與日本國間之商務及航業應以下列辦法為準繩： 本項所規定之辦法應自本約生效之日起一年之期限內繼續有效。 葉公超 (簽字) ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ 1952.04.28《中日和約之換文》及《同意記錄》 如下： 中華民國與日本國間和平條約之換文 (三) 中華民國全權代表致日本國全權代表照會 (四) 日本國全權代表覆中華民國全權代表照會譯文 附件 同意紀錄 1953.07.18《延展中日和約議定書期限之議定書》 名 稱： 延展中日和約議定書期限之議定書 (西元 1953 年 07 月 18 日) 茲因公曆一千九百五十二年四月廿八日在台北簽訂之中華民國與日本國間和平條約 (以下簡稱和約) 第七條所稱之關於貿易，航業及其他商務關係之條約或協定尚待締結； 一 上述辦法之有效期限，應延展至自公曆一九五三年八月五日起兩年屆滿，或至雙方締結關於貿易、航業及其他商務關係之條約或協定之時為止，兩者以先到期者為準。 二 本議定書應於雙方互換照會之日生效，互換照會中應說明每一締約國業已完成依其本國法為實施本議定書所必要之各項程序。 (Ⅰ) 日本國外務大臣岡崎勝男致中華民國駐日大使董顯光照會 (Ⅱ) 中華民國駐日大使董顯光覆日本國外務大臣岡崎勝男照會 董顯光 (簽字) ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ 1955.07.02《延展中日和約議定書期限之議定書》 名 稱： 延展中日和約議定書期限之議定書 (西元 1955 年 07 月 02 日) 茲因公曆一千九百五十二年四月二十八日在台北簽訂之中華民國與日本國間和平條約 (以下簡稱和約) 第七條所稱之關於貿易、航業及其他商務關係之條約或協定尚待締結： 一 上述辦法之有效期限，應延展至自公曆一千九百五十五年八月五日起一年屆滿；如任何締約一方未於該一年期間屆滿前三個月，通知締約他方予以終止，則此項效期應再延展一年，以後並繼續如此辦理。但締約雙方間關於貿易，航業及其他商務關係之條約或協定業經締結時，該項辦法應即停止生效。 二 本議定書應於締約雙方互換照會之日生效。互換照會中應說明：每一締約國業已完成依其本國法為實施本議定書所必要之各項程序。 中華民國代表：董顯光 (簽字) (Ⅰ) 日本國外務大臣重光葵致中華民國駐日大使董顯光照會 日本國外務大臣 (Ⅱ) 中華民國駐日大使董顯光覆日本國外務大臣重光葵照會 中華民國駐日本國特命全權大使 ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ 1952.04.28《日華和約》- 日文 其內含： ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ | |
NO:534_26
| 過客 於 2003/08/28 16:17 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
含： 1954.12.02《中美共同防禦條約》英文 1954.12.02《中美共同防禦條約》中文 1954.12.02《中美共同防禦條約》日譯 1954.12.10《中美共同防禦條約之換文》英文 1954.12.02《中美共同防禦條約》英文 全文如下： The Parties to this Treaty, Reaffirming their faith in the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations and their desire to live in peace with all peoples and all Governments, and desiring to strengthen the fabric of peace in the West Pacific Area, Recalling with mutual pride the relationship which brought their two peoples together in a common bond of sympathy and mutual ideals to fight side by side against imperialist aggression during the last war, Desiring to declare publicly and formally their sense of unity and their common determination to defend themselves against external armed attack, so that no potential aggressor could be under the illusion that either of them stands alone in the West Pacific Area, and Desiring further to strengthen their present efforts for collective defense for the preservation of peace and security pending the development of a more comprehensive system of regional security in the West Pacific Area, Have agreed as follows:
The Parties undertake, as set forth in the Charter of the United Nations, to settle any international dispute in which they may be involved by peaceful means in such a manner that international peace, security and justice are not endangered and to refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force in any manner inconsistent with the purposes of the United Nations.
In order more effectively to achieve the objective of this Treaty, the Parties separately and jointly by self-help and mutual aid will maintain and develop their individual and collective capacity to resist armed attack and communist subversive activities directed from without against their territorial integrity and political stability.
The parties undertake to strengthen their free institutions and to cooperate with each other in the development of economic progress and social well-being and to further their individual and collective efforts toward these ends.
The Parties, through their Foreign Ministers or their deputies, will consult together from time to time regarding the implementation of this Treaty.
Each Party recognizes that an armed attack in the West Pacific Area directed against the territories of either of the Parties would be dangerous to its own peace and safety and declares that it would act to meet the common danger in accordance with its constitutional processes. Any such armed attack and all measures taken as a result thereof shall be immediately reported to the Security Council of the United Nations. Such measures shall be terminated when the Security Council has taken the measures necessary to restore and maintain international peace and security.
For the purposes of Articles II and V, the terms territorial and territories shall mean in respect of the Republic of China, Taiwan and the Pescadores; and in respect of the United States of America, the island territories in the West Pacific under its jurisdiction. The provisions of Articles II and V will be applicable to such other territories as may be determined by mutual agreement.
The Government of the Republic of China grants, and the Government of the United States of America accepts, the right to dispose such United States land, air and sea forces in and about Taiwan and the Pescadores as may be required for their defense, as determined by mutual agreement.
This Treaty does not affect and shall not be interpreted as affecting in any way the rights and obligations of the Parties under the Charter of the United Nations or the responsibility of the United Nations for the maintenance of international peace and security.
This Treaty shall be ratified by the United States of America and the Republic of China in accordance with their respective constitutional processes and will come into force when instruments of ratification thereof have been exchanged by them at Taipei.
This Treaty shall remain in force indefinitely. Either Party may terminate it one year after notice has been given to the other Party. IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned Plenipotentiaries have signed this Treaty. DONE in duplicate, in the English and Chinese languages, at Washington on this second day of December of the Year One Thousand Nine Hundred and Fifty-four, corresponding to the second day of the twelfth month of the Forty-third year of the Republic of China. For the United States of America: John Foster DULLES For the Republic of China: George K.C. YEH ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ 1954.12.02《中美共同防禦條約》中文 本約不得視為台灣法律地位的變更。 全文如下： 中華民國、美利堅合眾國共同防禦條約
茲重申其對聯合國憲章之宗旨與原則之信心，及其與所有人民及政府和平相處之願望，並欲增強西太平洋區域之和平結構； 以光榮之同感，追溯上次大戰期間，兩國人民為對抗帝國主義侵略，而在相互同情與共同理想之結合下，團結一致併肩作戰之關係； 願公開正式宣告其團結之精誠，及為其自衛而抵禦外來武裝攻擊之共同決心，俾使任何潛在之侵略者不存有任一締約國在西太平洋區域立於孤立地位之妄想；並願加強兩國為維護和平與安全而建立集體防禦之現有努力，以待西太平洋區域安全制度之發展； 茲議訂下列各條款。 第一條 本條約締約國承允依照聯合國憲章之規定，以不危及國際和平安全與正義之和平方法，解決可能牽涉兩國之任何國際爭議，並在其國際關係中，不以任何與聯合國宗旨相悖之方式，作武力之威脅或使用武力。 第二條 為期更有效達成本條約之目的起見，締約國將個別並聯合以自助及互助之方式，維持並發展其個別及集體之能力，以抵抗武裝攻擊，及由國外指揮之危害其領土完整與政治安定之共產顛覆活動。 第三條 締約國承允加強其自由制度，彼此合作以發展其經濟進步與社會福利，並為達到此等目的，而增加其個別與集體之努力。 第四條 締約國將經由其外交部部長或其代表，就本條約之實施隨時會商。 第五條 每一締約國承認對在西太平洋區域內任一締約國領土之武裝攻擊，即將危及其本身之和平與安全。茲並宣告將依其憲法程序採取行動，以對付此共同危險。 任何此項武裝攻擊及因而採取之一切措施，應立即報告聯合國安全理事會。此等措施應於安全理事會採取恢復並維持國際和平與安全之必要措施時予以終止。 第六條 為適用於第二條及第五條之目的，所有『領土』等辭，就中華民國而言，應指台灣與澎湖；就美利堅合眾國而言，應指西太平洋區域內在其管轄下之各島嶼領土。第二條及第五條之規定，並將適用於共同協議所決定之其他領土。 第七條 中華民國政府給予，美利堅合眾國政府接受，依共同協議之決定，在台灣澎湖及其附近，為其防衛所需而部署美國陸海空軍之權利。 第八條 本條約並不影響，且不應被解釋為影響，締約國在聯合國憲章下之權利及義務，或聯合國為維持國際和平與安全所負之責任。 第九條 本條約應由美利堅合眾國與中華民國各依其憲法程序以批准，並將於在台北互換批准書之日起發生效力。 第十條 本條約應無限期有效。任一締約國得於廢約之通知送達另一締約國一年後，予以終止。 為此，下開各全權代表爰於本條約簽字，以昭信守。 本條約用英文及中文各繕二份。 公曆一千九百五十四年十二月二日 中華民國四十三年十二月二日訂於華盛頓。 美利堅合眾國代表：John Foster Dulles 中華民國代表：葉公超
1954.12.02《中美共同防禦條約》日譯
1954.12.10《中美共同防禦條約之換文》英文 全文如下： Done at Washington 10 December 1954 The Secretary of State to the Chinese Minister of Foreign Affairs December 10, 1954 Excellency: John Foster Dulles His Excellency George K. C. Yeh ------------------------------- [ English Text of Note II ] December 10, 1954 Excellency: George K. C. Yeh His Excellency John Foster Dulles ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ | |
NO:534_27
| 過客 於 2003/08/28 16:20 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1955.02.08 美國參議院審查《共同防禦條約》報告書 1955.02.08美國參議院外交委員會向參院提出審查「一九五四年十二月二日中美共同防禦條約」報告書，建議參院儘早批准該約。 該報告書闢有專章，討論台灣地位及其與該約之關係，為反應美國政府台灣地位意見之重要文件，茲節錄其要義如後： 「台灣於一九四九年十二月成為中華民國國民政府所在地，依照美國及其他盟國於一九五一年九月八日與日本簽訂之和約，日本放棄對台澎之一切權利、權利名義與要求。惟該約並未訂明此項權利應移轉于任一國家。中華民國嗣依該對日多邊條約第廿六條所規定與其相同或大致相同之條件，於一九五二年四月廿八日與日本單獨訂立一和約。........本委員會認為本條約之生效，將不致改變或影響台灣與澎湖之現有法律地位，本條約與第二次大戰後美國對於此事所採取之一切行動完全相符，且吾人對於各該領土之關係中並未在基本上加入任何新因素。吾人業已以行動及默示方式接受中華民國政府為在台灣之合法當局。為避免對於本條約在此方面有任何可能之誤解起見，本委員會茲決定在本報告書中加入下列聲明，實有裨益：『參議院瞭解：本約不應被解釋為影響或改變其所適用之領土的法律地位或主權。』」 （參考：《台灣法律地位問題的研究》p.65，酆邰著，黎明文化事業出版，1985年4月初版） | |
NO:534_28
| 過客 於 2003/08/28 20:26 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1971年聯合國2758決議案 編按：此一決議案，為當時懸殆十多年的「中國代表權」紛爭之決議。 一九七一年十月二十五日，聯合國大會通過阿爾巴尼亞等國「容共排蔣」的提案（贊成七十六票，反對三十五票，棄權十七票） －－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ 第二七五八號決議的全文如下： 「大會記取聯合國憲章的原則，考慮到恢復中華人民共和國的合法權利，對維護聯合國憲章與對聯合國必須謹守憲章的原則都是重要的，承認中華人民共和國政府的代表是中國駐聯合國的唯一合法代表，以及中華人民共和國是安全理事會五個常任理事國之一。決定恢復中華人民共和國的所有權利，承認其政府的代表是中國駐聯合國的唯一合法代表，並立刻將蔣介石的代表從其在聯合國與所有附屬組織非法佔有的席位逐出。」 ------------------ Recalling the principles of the Charter of the United Nations, Recognizing that the representatives of the Government of the People’s Republic of China are the only lawful representatives of China to the United Nations and that the People’s Republic of China is one of the five permanent members of the Security Council, Decides to restore all its rights to the People’s Republic of China and to recognize the representatives of its Government as the only legitimate representatives of China to the United Nations, and to expel forthwith the representatives of Chiang Kai-shek from the place which they unlawfully occupy at the United Nations and in all the organizations related to it. | |
NO:534_29
| 過客 於 2003/08/28 20:53 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
一九四六年八月, 英國外交部致函中華民國駐英大使館： 「關於台灣島之移轉中國事，英 國政府以為仍應按照一九四三年十二月一日之《開羅宣言》。同盟國該項宣言之意不能自身將台灣主權由日本移轉中國，應候與日本訂立和平條約，或其他之正式外交手續而後可。因此，台灣雖已為中國政府統治，英國政府歉難同意台灣人民業已恢復中國國籍。」 ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ 1946.09.26, 英國外交部以節略乙件致中華民國駐英大使館： （外交部檔案資料。） ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ 美國國務院於一九四六年十一月致中華民國備忘錄，與英國立場完全一致。針對在日本為數約二萬自稱台僑之人民，美方指出：「彼等在戰爭期間，乃係敵國人民，除曾依照合法手續個別脫籍者之外，依日本法律固仍然保有日本國籍也。」 中華民國政府也同意：「按照國際公法在和約未簽訂以前，在日僑民究竟應視作中國人或日本人或被解放人民，本團（中華民國駐日代表團）不擬與總部作法理上之爭執。」 ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ 1950.07.26, 英國外交部官員楊格（Kenneth Younger），發表書面聲明稱： （倫敦時報，一九五０年七月廿八日） ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ 1955.02.05, 英國外相艾登，在國會下院發表台灣法律地位書面聲明略謂： 「一九四五年九月中國軍隊受盟軍最高統帥之命接管台灣；但此舉並非一項領土割讓，其本身亦不涉及主權之變更。蔣委員長駐於台灣，係依盟國與其所達成之一項暫時安排，由其作軍事佔領，此項安排並不構成台灣久成為中國領土。一九五二年和約日本正式放棄其對台灣之一切權利、權利名義與要求，然該約並未使台灣主權移轉於中國，因此英國政府認為台灣之法律主權尚未決定。」 （倫敦時報，一九五五年二月五日） ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ 一九五九年十月中華民國空軍在美國接受訓練之軍官程復盛及林福美二人在美拒絕返台，引據美國移民法訴於法院，法院在處理該案時曾引起台灣法律地位之爭論。 1959.10.08美國國務院發言人雷布（Joseph W. Reap），向報界稱： 「美國認為台灣非一國家，而係屬中華民國政府合法正當地所控制、治理及執行權利之地區。」 （外交部民國四十八年檔案資料） ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ 1971.04.28, 美國國務院發言人布瑞，對台灣法律地位問題發表聲明稱： 「我們認為此事未獲解決，因為在開羅及波茨坦宣言中，同盟國表明意向稱：台澎將為中國的一部份。此種盟國暫時意向的聲明從未正式實行，此項意向聲明與日本簽訂和約時曾有加以執行的機會，但是和約中再度未討論到此點。美國認為中華民國在對台澎行使合法權利，乃因日本佔領台灣的軍隊係奉命向中華民國投降的事實。」 （中國時報，民國六十年四月三十日，版1） ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ | |
NO:534_30
| 過客 於 2003/08/29 06:20 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1952.05.27 日本國會參議院外務委員會於審議《日華和約》([1952.04.28簽訂前])之答辯：
第十條，這主要是為了臺灣以及澎湖島的住民或曾是耶?堛漲磳薄A要來日本或前往其他國家時的方便而設置的。 所謂方便是，譬如，現在法律上的方針，是因臺灣，以及澎湖島之最終的領土歸屬還不清楚，而一但舊金山條約生效，臺灣，以及澎湖島就會脫離我國，一脫離我國，則向來被稱為臺灣籍人民的人們，就會失去日本的國籍，而後處於國籍不明的狀態之下是很不方便的，旅行時就會產生到底持哪種護照來我國，才會被承認的問題。在此第十條中將臺灣，以及澎湖島的住民，或是以前曾是當地的住民或其子孫，都視為其具有中華民國的國籍。視為其被包括在中華民國的國民之內，即是所謂視為的規定（13）。 ---------------------- 1952.06.13 日本國會參議院外務委員會於審議《日華和約》([1952.04.28簽訂前])之答辯：
倭島政府委員 ……剛才對於領土關係，提有各式各樣的問題，但都不是最後的決定，因此，對於向來被稱為臺灣籍人民的人們之國籍問題，也還沒有做最後的決定。……兼岩委員，如此說來，這個「條款」的文章中並沒有規定為中華民國的國民。而應該規定者，將來聯合國究竟會如(岡崎勝男外務)大臣的答復那樣做出領土的決定，而經由此決定，國民也會被決定，現在是尚未決定。【是這麼說的嗎？】…… 倭島政府委員 現在拜託各位審議的與中華民國的和約，並非以決定何處是中華民國的領
(14)同右，第四十號，一九五二年六月十三日，頁一０。 | |
NO:534_31
| 過客 於 2003/08/29 06:27 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1951.09.05「杜勒斯發表中國未能獲邀之演講」中文 一九五一年七月十三日經修正的和約定稿公佈，其中第二十三條改列參加和會的國家名單中，沒有中華民國。九月五日，和約起草人杜勒斯發表演講，對中國未獲邀請出席和會「深以為憾」，並解釋說：「中國不須參加簽署，根據和約第二十條，可以享有日本依照中華民國所建議的方式，放棄日本在中國所享有的一切特權和利益」等語。茲節錄杜氏演講詞於次： 「中國之未能參加這一個和會，實在是一件深引為憾的事，於中日之戰開始於一九三一年，但公開的戰鬥，則始於一九三七年，中國受日本侵略之苦最久也最深，尤感痛惜者，是中日戰爭未在此時正式終結。很不幸的，中國內部的戰爭和盟國政府的態度，造成一種情勢，即對於一個既有權也有力足以約束中國人民遵守和約條款的一個中國政府發言權，不能獲致一般國際的協議。有些人認為某一個政府適合這些條件，有些人又認為另一個政府適合這些條件，還有些人懷疑誰會適合。有關中國的任何目前行動，都不能獲致大多數的同意，因此盟國就很難抉擇，在他們對能夠同意在中國有一個既合法又有權力的中國政府之前他們可能把對日和約擱下去，可是如果因為中國的內戰以及國際上對於中國問題遲不能獲致協議，而以延擱締約的辦法去處罰日本，那將是錯誤殘忍而愚蠢的。........所剩下的一個辦法，就是由盟國逕行締結沒有目前任何中國參加簽訂的和約，而讓日本和中國，依照足以徹底保證中國權利與利益的條款，去締結他們自己的和約，這就是目前和約採取的辦法。........ ----------------------- （資料參考：陳志奇，中華日報印行，一九八一年五月增訂再版，《美國對華政策三十年》，頁七九至八０）
「中華民國之被摒除於舊金山會議之外，無意中予侵略者以鼓勵，此舉之不當，實非任何言詞所能虛飾。美國政府現正領導自由世界與共產侵略鬥爭，然在此一重要問題上，竟與少數國家之承認共產侵略之果實者，採取一致行動，其矛盾殊難索解。時至今日，自由國家對世共產主義之挑釁及其缺乏適當之準備，在此一歷史性錯誤中，實已表露無遺 [註73]。」 ------------------------ （資料參考：陳志奇，中華日報印行，一九八一年五月增訂再版，《美國對華政策三十年》，頁八０） | |
NO:534_32
| 過客 於 2003/08/29 06:45 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1951.12.24「吉田茂致國民政府關於講和之書信」中譯 日本首相吉田茂於一九五一年十二月二十四日致函杜勒斯表示日本渴望與中華民國政府簽訂和約。吉田函件（該件於一九五一年十二月二十四日致杜勒斯，於一九五二年一月十六日由美使館送中國外交部。）
當對和約及美日安全條約在日本國會眾議院及參議院辯論時，關於日本將來之對華政策，若干問題曾經提出，若干聲明因亦隨而發表。該項聲明因與上下文及背景割離而予閱讀，致引起種種之誤解。對於此種誤解，本人亟願予以澄清。 ---------------------------------- （資料參考：陳志奇，中華日報印行，一九八一年五月增訂再版，《美國對華政策三十年》，頁八一至八二）
吉田致杜勒斯函（即一九五一年十二月二十四日函）於一九五二年一月十六日公佈，中華民國政府外長葉公超乃發表談話，謂中華民國政府準備作中日締結和約談判。 全文如下： 已在東京發表之吉田首相致杜勒斯先生關於中日媾和之函件，足使關於此問題之誤解，得以廓清，該函並對日本將與各自由及民主國家之陣營協力維護世界和平及安全之意願，有所闡明。 ---------------------------------- （資料參考：陳志奇，中華日報印行，一九八一年五月增訂再版，《美國對華政策三十年》，頁八三）
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NO:534_33
| 過客 於 2003/08/29 06:52 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1951.02.01《聯合國宣佈中共為侵略者的決議》中文
大會 鑒於中華人民共和國中央人民政府對聯合國設法終止在朝鮮之戰鬥行為以求和平解決之提案並未接受，且以軍隊繼續進犯朝鮮並對聯合國在朝鮮之軍隊作大規模之攻擊： 一、斷定中華人民共和國中央人民政府既直接援助與協助侵略朝鮮之人，並與聯合國在朝鮮之軍隊作戰，該政府已在朝鮮從事侵略； 二、促請中華人民共和國中央人民政府命令其在朝鮮之軍隊與國民終止對聯合國軍隊之戰鬥行為，並即撤離朝鮮； 三、申明聯合國繼續在朝鮮應付侵略之決心； 四、促請所有國家及當局對聯合國在朝鮮所取之行動繼續予以一切協助； 五、促請所有各國家及當局對侵略朝鮮者勿予以任何協助； 六、請由集體辦法委員會委員組成之委員會急速審議用以應付上述侵略之其他措施，並向大會具報，各方了解：若下文所稱之斡旋團因所作努力提出令人滿意之進度報告，則此委員會得暫緩提出報告書； 七、申明聯合國之政策仍在設法終止在朝鮮之戰鬥行為並以和平方法達成聯石國在朝鮮之目標，並請大會主席立即指派兩人會同主席相機進行斡，以求達此目的。 （譯文取自聯大中文記錄） （全文資料參考自：丘宏達編譯 三民書局印行 《現代國際法基本文件》p.452） | |
NO:534_34
| 過客 於 2003/08/30 03:26 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1972.02.28《中美上海公報》-英文 －－－－－－－－－－－－－－ THE JOINT U.S.-CHINA COMMUNIQUE, SHANGHAI, February 27, 1972
President Nixon met with Chairman Mao Tse-tung of the Communist Party of China on February 21. The two leaders had a serious and frank exchange of views on Sino-U.S. relations and world affairs. During the visit, extensive, earnest and frank discussions were held between President Nixon and Premier Chou En-lai on the normalization of relations between the United States of America and the Peoples Republic of China, as well as on other matters of interest to both sides. In addition, Secretary of State William Rogers and Foreign Minister Chi Peng-fei held talks in the same spirit. President Nixon and his party visited Peking and viewed cultural, industrial and agricultural sites, and they also toured Hangchow and Shanghai where, continuing discussions with Chinese leaders, they viewed similar places of interest. The leaders of the Peoples Republic of China and the United States of America found it beneficial to have this opportunity, after so many years without contact, to present candidly to one another their views on a variety of issues. They reviewed the international situation in which important changes and great upheavals are taking place and expounded their respective positions and attitudes. The U.S. side stated: Peace in Asia and peace in the world requires efforts both to reduce immediate tensions and to eliminate the basic causes of conflict. The United States will work for a just and secure peace: just, because it fulfills the aspirations of peoples and nations for freedom and progress; secure, because it removes the danger of foreign aggression. The United States supports individual freedom and social progress for all the peoples of the world, free of outside pressure or intervention. The United States believes that the effort to reduce tensions is served by improving communication between countries that through accident, miscalculation or misunderstanding. Countries should treat each other with mutual respect and be willing to compete peacefully, letting performance be the ultimate judge. No country should claim infallibility and each country should be prepared to re-examine its own attitudes for the common good. The United States stressed that. the peoples of Indochina should be allowed to determine their destiny without outside intervention; its constant primary objective has been a The Chinese side stated: Wherever there is oppression, there is resistance. Countries want independence, nations want liberation and the people want revolution--this has become the irresistible trend of history. All nations, big or small, should be equal; big nations should not bully the small and strong nations should not bully the weak. China will never be a superpower and it opposes hegemony and power politics of any kind. The Chinese side stated that it firmly supports the struggles of all the oppressed people and nations for freedom and liberation and The Chinese side expressed its firm support to the peoples of Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia in their efforts for the attainment of their goal and its firm support to the seven-point proposal of the Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam and the There are essential differences between China and the United States in their social systems and foreign policies. However, the two sides agreed that countries, regardless of their social systems, should conduct their relations on the principles of respect for the sovereignty and With these principles of international relations in mind the two sides stated that: progress toward the normalization of relations between China and the United States is in the interests of all countries: The two sides reviewed the long-standing serious disputes between China and the United States. The Chinese reaffirmed its position: The Taiwan question is the crucial question obstructing the normalization of relations between China and the United States; the Government of the Peoples Republic of China is the sole legal government of China; Taiwan is a province of China which has long been returned to the motherland; the liberation of Taiwan is Chinas internal affair in which no other country has the right to interfere; and all U.S. forces and military installations must be withdrawn from Taiwan. The Chinese Government firmly opposes any activities which aim at the creation of one China, one Taiwan, one China, two governments, two Chinas, and independent Taiwan or advocate that the status of Taiwan remains to be determined. The U.S. side declared: The United States acknowledges that all Chinese on either side of the Taiwan Strait maintain there is but one China and that Taiwan is a part of China. The United States Government does not challenge that position. It reaffirms its interest in a peaceful settlement of the Taiwan question by the Chinese them-selves. With this prospect in mind, it affirms the ultimate objective of the withdrawal of all U.S. forces and military installations from Taiwan. In the meantime, it will progressively reduce its forces and military installations on Taiwan as the tension in the area diminishes. The two sides agreed that it is desirable to broaden the understanding between the two peoples. To this end, they discussed specific areas in such fields as science, technology, culture, sports and journalism, in which people-to-people contacts and exchanges would be mutually beneficial. Each side undertakes to facilitate the further development of such contacts and exchanges. Both sides view bilateral trade as another area from which mutual benefit can be derived, and agreed that economic relations based on equality and mutual benefit are in the interest of the peoples of the two countries. They agree to facilitate the progressive development of trade between their two countries. The two sides agreed that they will stay in contact through various channels, including the sending of a senior U.S. representative to Peking from time to time for concrete consultations to further the normalization of relations between the two countries and continue to exchange views on issues of common interest. The two sides expressed the hope that the gains achieved during this visit would open up new prospects for the relations between the two countries. They believe that the normalization of relations between the two countries is not only in the interest of the Chinese and American peoples but also contributes to the relaxation of tension in Asia and the world. President Nixon, Mrs. Nixon and the American party expressed their appreciation for the gracious hospitality shown them by the Govern-ment and people of the Peoples Republic of China. 1972.02.28《中美上海公報》-中文 美國總統尼克森簽署。 －－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ 中華人民共和國和美利堅合眾國聯合公報
尼克松總統於二月二十一日會見了中國共產黨毛澤東。兩位領導人就中美關係和國際事務認真、坦率地交換了意見。 訪問中，尼克松總統和周恩來總理就美利堅合眾國和「中華人民共和國」關係正常化以及雙方關心的其他問題進行了廣泛、認真和坦率的討論。此外，國務卿威廉．羅杰斯和外交部長姬鵬飛也以同樣精神進行了會談。 尼克松總統及其一行訪問了北京，參觀了文化、工業和農業項目，還訪問了杭州和上海，在那?媊~續同中國領導人進行討論，並參觀了類似的項目。 「中華人民共和國」和美利堅合眾國領導人經過這麼多年一直沒有接觸之後，現在有機會坦率地互相介紹彼此對各種問題的觀點，對此，雙方認為是有益的。他們回顧了經歷著重大的變化和巨大動盪的國際形勢，闡明了各自的立場和態度。 中國方面聲明，哪?埵鹿ㄜ╮A哪?奡N有反抗。國家要獨立，民族要解放，人民要革命，已成為不抗拒的歷史潮流。國家不分大小，應該一律平等，大國不應欺負小國，強國不應欺負弱國。中國決不做超級大國，並且反對任何霸權主義和強權政治。 中國方面表示：堅決支持一切被壓迫人民和被壓迫民族爭取自由、解決的鬥爭；各國人民有權按照自己的意願，選擇本國的社會制度，有權維護本國獨立、主權和領土完整，反對外來侵略、干涉、控制和顛覆。一切外國軍隊都應撤回本國去。中國方面表示：堅決支持越南、老撾、柬埔寨三國人民為實現自己的目標所作的努力，堅決支持越南南方共和臨時革命政府的七點建議以及在今年二月對其中兩個關鍵問題的說明和印度支那人民最高級會議聯合聲明；堅決支持朝鮮民主主義人民共和國政府一九七一年四月十二日提出的朝鮮和平統一的八點方案和取消「聯合國韓國統一復興委員會」的主張；堅決反對日本軍國主義的復活和對外擴張，堅決支持日本人民要求建立一個獨立、民主、和平和中立的日本的願望，堅決主張印度和巴基斯坦按照聯合國關於印巴問題的決議，立即把自己的軍隊全部撤回到本國境內以及查謨和克什米爾停火線的各自一方，堅求支持巴基斯坦政府和人民維護獨立、主權的鬥爭以及查謨和克什米爾人民爭取自決權的鬥爭。 美國方面聲明：為了亞洲和世界的和平，需要對緩和當前的緊張局勢和消除衝突的基本原因作出努力。美國將致力於建立公正而穩定的和平。這種和平是公正的，因為它滿足各國人民和各國爭取自由和進步的願望。這種和平是穩定的，因為它消除外來侵略的危險。美國支持全世界各國人民在沒有外來壓力和干預的情況下取得個人自由和社會進步。美國相信，改善具有不同意識形態的國與國之間的聯繫，以便減少由於事故、錯誤估計或誤會而引起的對峙的危機，有助於緩和緊張局勢的努力。各國應該互相尊重並願進行和平競賽，讓行動作出最後判斷。任何國家都不應自稱一貫正確，各國都要準備為了共同的利益重新檢查自己的態度。美國強調：應該允許印度支那各國人民在不受外來干涉的情況下決定自己的命運；美國一貫的首要目標是談判解決；越南共和國和美國在一九七二年一月二十七日提出的八點建議議提供了實現這個目標的基礎；在談判得不到解決時，美國預計在符合印度支那每個國家自決這一目標的情況下從這個地區最終撤出所有美國軍隊。美國將保持其與大韓民國的密切聯繫和對它的支持；美國將支持大韓民國為謀求在朝鮮半島緩和緊張局勢和增加聯繫的努力。美國最高度地珍視同日本的友好關係，並將繼續發展現存的緊密紐帶。按照一九七一年十二月二十一日聯合國安全理事會的決議，美國贊成印度和巴共基斯坦之間的停火繼續下去，並把全部軍事力量撤至本國境內以及查謨和克什米爾停火線的各自一方；美國支持南亞各國人民和平地、不受軍事威脅地建設自己的未來的權利，而不使這個地區成為大國競爭的目標。 中美兩國的社會制度和對外政策有著本質的區別。但是，雙方同意，各國不論社會制度如何，都應根據尊重各國主權和領土完整、不侵犯別國、不干涉別國內政、平等互利、和平共處的原則來處理國與國之間的關係。國際爭端應在此基礎上予以解決，而不諸武力和武力威脅。美國和「中華人民共和國」準備在他們的相互關係中實行這些原則。 考慮到國際關係的上述這些原則，雙方聲明： 雙方回顧了中美兩國之間長期存在的嚴重爭端。「中國」方面重申自己的立場；臺灣問題是阻礙中美兩國關係正常化的關鍵問題；「中華人民共和國」政府是中國的唯一合法政府；臺灣是中國的一個省，早已歸還祖國；解決臺灣是中國內政，別國無權干涉；全部美國武裝力量和軍事設施必須從臺灣撤手。中國政府堅決反對任何旨在製造「一中一臺」、「一個中國、兩國政府」、「兩個中國」、「臺灣獨立」和鼓吹「臺灣地位未定」的活動。 美國方面聲明：美國認識到，在臺灣海峽兩邊的所有中國人都認為只有一個中國，臺灣是中國的一部分。美國政府對這一立場不提出異議。它重申它對由中國人自己和平解決臺灣問題的關心。考慮到這一前景，它確認從臺灣撤出全部美國武裝力量和軍事設施的最終目標。在此期間，它將隨著這個地區緊張局勢的緩和逐步減少它在臺灣的武裝力量和軍事設施。 雙方同意，擴大兩國人民之間的了解是可取的。為此目的，他們就科學、技術、文化、體育和新聞等方面的具體領域進行了討論，在這些領域中進行人民之間的聯繫和交流將會是互相有利的。雙方各自承認對進一步發展這種聯繫和交流提供便利。 雙方把雙邊貿易看作是另一個可以帶來互利的領域，並一致認為平等互利的經濟關係是符合兩國人民的利益的。他們同意為逐步發展兩國間的貿易提供便利。 雙方同意，他們將通過不同渠道保持接觸，包括不定期地派遣美國高級代表前來北京，就促進兩國關係正常化進行具體磋商並繼續就共同關心的問題交換意見。 雙方希望，這次訪問的成果將為兩國關係開闢新的前景。雙方相信，兩國關係正常化不僅符合中美兩國人民的利益，而且會對緩和亞洲及世界緊張局勢作出貢獻。 尼克松總統、尼克松夫人及美方一行對「中華人民共和國」政府和人民給予他們有禮貌的款待，表示感謝。 ● ● ● ● ● ● | |
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| 過客 於 2003/08/30 04:10 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1971.01.01《中美建交聯合公報》-英文 －－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ JOINT COMMUNIQUE ON THE ESTABLISHMENT OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINA JANUARY 1, 1979 (The communique was released on December 15, 1978, in Washington and Peking.)
The United States of America recognizes the Government of the Peoples Republic of China as The United States of America and the Peoples Republic of China reaffirm the principles agreed Both wish to reduce the danger of international military conflict.
美國總統卡特簽署。 －－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ （一九七九年一月一日） 中華人民共和國和美利堅合眾國關於建立外交關係的聯合公報
美利堅合眾國承認中華人民共和國政府是中國的唯一合法政府。在此範圍內，美國人民將同台灣人民保持文化、商務和其他非官方關係。 中華人民共和國和美利堅合眾國重申上海公報中雙方一致同意的各項原則，並再次強調。 雙方都希望減少國際軍事衝突的危險。 | |
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| 過客 於 2003/08/30 04:39 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
關於1972.02.28《中美上海公報》，尼克松回憶錄: 『美方關於台灣問題那一段的措詞回避了意見的衝突，只是簡單地聲明：「美國認識到，在台灣海峽兩邊的所有中國人都認為只有一個中國，台灣是中國的一部分。美國政府對這一立場不提出異議。它重申它對由中國人自己和平解決台灣問題的關心。」』 ● ● ● ● ● ● 關於1979.01.01《中美建交公報》，中文版《建交公報》中把acknowledges譯成語氣明顯比『認識到』一語更強的『承認』: 據參加《建交公報》談判的美國專家米切爾·澳格森伯（MichelOksenberg）稱，他注意到這一變化，並詢問這是內容上的，還是語氣上（stylistic）的 變化，中方代表的回答是語氣上的。
關於1982.08.17《中美八一七公報》，美國在提到台灣地位時直接援引1979.01.01《中美建交公報》的文字(英文版把acknowledges改為過去式(acknowledged)，中文沿用『承認』一詞。
1981年, 美國國會聽證會有關1979.01.01《中美建交公報》之答辯： 在一九八一年美國國務院官員在參議院外交委員會舉行的台灣問題聽證會上向參議員保證：「美國僅遵守建交公報的英文原件文字。」 （參考：《台灣法律地位問題的研究》，酆邰著，黎明文化事業出版，1985年4月初版；） | |
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| 過客 於 2003/08/30 04:45 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1982.08.17《中美八一七公報》-英文 －－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ U.S.-PRC JOINT COMMUNIQUE,
2. The question of United States arms sales to Taiwan was not settled in the course of 3. Respect for each others sovereignty and territorial integrity and non-interference each others 4. The Chinese government reiterates that the question of Taiwan is Chinas internal affair. The 5. The United States Government attaches great importance to its relations with China, and 6. Having in mind the foregoing statements of both sides, the United States Government states 7. In order to bring about, over a period of time, a final settlement of the question of United 8. The development of United States-China relations is not only in the interest of the two 9. In order to bring about the healthy development of United States China relations, maintain
美國總統雷根簽署。 －－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ 中美聯合公報
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| 過客 於 2003/08/30 08:26 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1979.01.01《台灣關係法》英文 全文如下： TAIWAN RELATIONS ACT
To help maintain peace, security, and stability in the Western Pacific and to promote the foreign Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in SHORT TITLE SECTION 1. This Act may be cited as the Taiwan Relations Act. FINDINGS AND DECLARATION OF POLICY SEC. 2. (a) The President- having terminated governmental relations between the United IMPLEMENTATION OF UNITED STATES POLICY WITH REGARD TO TAIWAN SEC. 3. (a) In furtherance of the policy set forth in section 2 of this Act, the United States APPLICATION OF LAWS; INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS SEC. 4. (a) The absence of diplomatic relations or recognition shall not affect the OVERSEAS PRIVATE INVESTMENT CORPORATION SEC. 5. (a) During the three-year period beginning on the date of enactment of this Act, the THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF TAIWAN SEC. 6. (a) Programs, transactions, and other relations conducted or carried out by the SERVICES BY THE INSTITUTE TO UNITED STATES CITIZENS ON TAIWAN SEC. 7. (a) The Institute may authorize any of its employees on Taiwan-- TAX EXEMPT STATUS OF THE INSTITUTE SEC. 8. (a) The Institute, its property, and its income are exempt from all taxation now or FURNISHING PROPERTY AND SERVICES TO AND OBTAINING SERVICES FROM THE SEC. 9. (a) Any agency of the United States Government is authorized to sell, loan, or TAIWAN INSTRUMENTALITY SEC. 10. (a) Whenever the President or any agency of the United States Government is SEPARATION OF GOVERNMENT PERSONNEL FOR EMPLOYMENT WITH THE SEC. 11. (a)(1) Under such terms and conditions as the President may direct, any agency REPORTING REQUIREMENT SEC. 12. (a) The Secretary of State shall transmit to the Congress the text of any agreement RULES AND REGULATIONS SEC. 13. The President is authorized to prescribe such rules and regulations as he may CONGRESSIONAL OVERSIGHT SEC. 14. (a) The Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives, the DEFINITIONS SEC. 15. For purposes of this Act- AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS SEC. 16. In addition to funds otherwise available to carry out the provisions of this Act, SEVERABILITY OF PROVISIONS SEC. 17. If any provision of this Act or the application thereof to any person or EFFECTIVE DATE SEC. 18. This Act shall be effective as of January 1, 1979. Approved April 10, 1979.
－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ 台灣關係法 本法乃為協助維持西太平洋之和平、安全與穩定，並授權繼續維持美國人民與在台灣人民 間之商業、文化及其他關係，以促進美國外交政策，並為其他目的。 簡稱 第一條：本法可稱為「台灣關係法」。 事實與政策聲明 第二條：（甲）由於總統已終止與一九七九年一月一日以前美國所承認為中華民國之台灣 統治當局政府關係，國會認為制定本法乃屬必要，以： （乙）美國之政策為： (2)宣布該地區（西太平洋地區）之和平及穩定，與美國政治、安全與經濟利益相攸關，並為國際間關切之事； (3)明白表示美國決定與中華人民共和國建立外交關係，係基於一項期望，即台灣重要盟邦之未來將 以和平方式決定之； (4)任何試圖以和平手段以外之方式，包括經濟抵制或禁運，決定台灣盟邦之未來，將被認為乃 對西太平洋和平與安全一項威脅，為美國所嚴重關切。 (5)提供台灣防禦性武器或轉移重要軍事科技給台灣盟邦； (6)維持美國之能力以抵制任何可能危及台灣人民安全或社會經濟制度之武力行使或其他形 式之強制行動。 （丙）本法任何條文不得與美國對人權之關切相牴觸，尤其是有關居民在台灣約一千八百 萬全體人民之人權。維持並提高在台灣所有人民之人權在此再次被確定為美國之目標。 美國對台灣政策之實施 第三：（甲）為推行本法第二條所揭示之政策，美國將供應台灣必要數量之防禦攻擊軍資與服 務，俾使台灣維持足夠之軍事能力。 （乙）總統與國會應依照法定程序，並完全根據其對台灣之需要所作之判斷，決定此種防 禦攻擊軍資與服務之性質及數量。此種對台灣防禦需要之決定，應包括美國軍事當局對總統與國 會提出之建議所作之評估。 （丙）任何對在台灣人民安全或社會經濟制度之軍事威脅，視同對美國的侵略行為及對美國台灣利益而產生之任何 危險，總統應立即通知國會。總統與國會應依照美國憲法程序，決定美國為對付任何此類危險， 而採取之適當軍事行動。 法律與國際協定之適用 第四條：（甲）外交關係與承認之欠缺，不得影響到美國法律對台灣之適用，美國國內法律並 應以與一九七九年一月一日以前相同之方式，適用於台灣。 （乙）本條款（甲）項之適用，應包括但不限於下列各項： (1)凡美國法律提及或涉及外國、外國民族、外國國家、外國政府或類似實體時，此等名詞 應包括台灣，此等法律亦應適用於台灣。 (2)獲美國法律授權、或依照美國法律，推行或執行與外國、外國民族、外國國家、外國政 府或類似實體之計畫、交易或其他關係時，總統或美國政府之任何機構獲有授權，依照美國 現行法律及本法第六條之規定，與台灣推行及執行此種計畫、交易及其他關係（其中包括但 不限於透過與在台灣之若干商業實體所訂之合約，以對美國提供服務）。 (3)1.與台灣雖無外交關係及承認，但不得就此廢止、侵害、修改、拒絕或以任何方式影響台灣與美國之間的盟邦關係 ，在美國法律下，前此或今後為台灣所獲致或與台灣有關之任何權利或義務（其中包括但不 限於涉及合同、債務或任何財產利益之權利義務在內）。 2.為了在美國法律下之各項目的，包括在美國法院之訴訟在內，承認中華人民共和國之舉 在任何情形下不得影響在台灣之統治當局於一九七八年十二月卅一日以前擁有或持有，或此 一日期以後獲得或賺得之有形財產及無形財產之所有權、或其他權利及利益，以及其他有價 物品等。 (4)美國法律之適用，有賴於目前或過去適用於台灣之法律或須合乎台灣之法律時，在台灣 人民所適用之法律，就此節而言，應視為可適用之法律。 (5)本法中所載，或總統給予中華人民共和國外交承認、台灣人民與美國間無外交關係、或 不為美國所承認等事實，以及若干隨附之情況等等，均不得在任何行政或司法程序中被解釋 為美國政府之任何部、會、署得依據一九五四年原子能法和一九七八年禁止核子擴散法，作 事實之認定或法律之決定，以作為拒絕出口許可證申請或廢止現存對台灣核子輸出許可證之 根據。 (6)為了移民及歸化法案之各項目的。台灣可獲得該美國歸化法案第二○二條（Ｂ）項第一款中所明 訂之歸化美國公民待遇。 (7)台灣依據美國法律在美國各法院進行訴訟和被訴之能力，不得因為無外交關係或承認而 受到廢止、侵害、修改、拒絕或任何方式之影響。 (8)美國法律之任何規定，無論是明示或暗示，凡以需要保有外交關係或承認為條件者，概 不適用於台灣。 （丙）為了各項目的，包括在美國任何法院中進行訴訟，國會認可美國與在一九七九年一 月一日以前被承認為中華民國之台灣統治當局所簽訂，並迄至一九七八年十二月卅一日一直 有效之各項條約及包括多邊協定在內之其他國際協定，繼續有效例如台美共同防禦協約，除非並直至依法終止為止 。 （丁）本法之任何條款，概不得被解釋為支持排除或驅逐台灣在任何國際金融機構或任何 其他國際組織之會籍之依據。 海外私人投資公司 第五條：（甲）自本法案制定為法律之日起三年期間，一九六一年援外法案第二三一條第 二項第二款中規定之一千美元個人平均所得之限制，不得用以海外私人投資公司決定是否提 供有關在台灣投資計畫任何保險、再保險、貸款或擔保等活動。 （乙）除本條（甲）項之規定外，海外私人投資公司對在台灣之投資計畫所給予之保險、 再保險、貸款、或擔保，應適用其對世界其他地區所適用之相同標準。 台灣之機構 第十條：（甲）總統或美國政府任何機構，獲有美國法律授權，或美國法律要求或依照美 國法律，向台灣提供，或供給，或自台灣接納或接受任何作為、通知、保證、承諾或其他行 動，則此種行動應在總統指定之方式及範圍內向台灣所設立之一項機構提供、或供給，或自 該機構接納或接受。該一台灣設立之機構，總統決定其擁有根據在台灣人民適用之法律所規 定之必要權力，以代表台灣按照本法提供保證並採取其他行動。 （乙）經要求總統給予台灣設立機構之辦公處所與人員與一九七九年一月一日以前被承認 為中華民國在台灣之統治當局前在美國作業之辦公處所與人員之數目相同。 （丙）依據台灣給予該協會及其適當人員相對之特權與豁免，總統被授權給予台灣之機構 及其適當人員以有效執行其職權所必需之特權與豁免（在適當之條件與義務下）。 國會之監督 第十四條：（甲）眾院外交委員會、參院外交委員會及國會之其他適當委員會應監督： (1)本法各條款之執行； (2)協會之作業及程序； (3)美國與台灣的繼續關係之法理及技術面；以及 (4)美國關於東亞安全與合作政策之執行。 （乙）該等委員會應適時分別向其所屬之各該議院報告其監督結果。 定義 第十五條：為本法之目的： （甲）「美國之法律」一詞，包括任何法律、法令、規章、條例、命令、或美國或其任何 政治區域之司法判決；以及 （乙）「台灣」一詞，按照法案全文之需要，包括台灣本島及澎湖，該等島嶼上之人民， 依據適用於該等島嶼之各項法律所設立或組織之法人及其他的實體及協會，以及在一九七九 年之前被美國承認為中華民國的在台灣之統治當局及任何繼承之統治當局（包括其政治區域 、機構及實體）。 第十六條：為執行本法各項條款而可從其他方面獲得之經費除外，授權於一九八○會計年 度內核撥國務卿以實施該等條款所需之款額，此項款額准予保留運用至用盡為止。 條款效力 第十七條：如若本法之任何條款或其對任何人或情況之適用被認為無效，本法之其餘部分 及該等條款對其他任何人或情況之適用，不應因而受到影響。 生效日期 第十八條：本法應自一九七九年一月一日起生效。
「台灣關係法」全文 第一條：本法可稱為「臺灣關係法」 第二條： （A） 由於美國總統已終止美國和臺灣統治當局（在一九七九年一月一日前美國承認其為中華民國）間的政府關係，美國國會認為有必要制訂本法： 美國對臺灣政策的實行 第三條： （A） 為了推行本法第二條所明訂的政策，美國將使臺灣能夠獲得數量足以使其維持足夠的自衛能力的防衛物資及技術服務； 法律的適用和國際協定 第四條： （A） 缺乏外交關係或承認將不影嚮美國法律對臺灣的適用，美國法律將繼續對臺灣適用，就像一九七九年元月一日之前，美國法律對臺灣適用的情形一樣。 海外私人投資公司 第五條： （A） 當本法律生效後三年之內，一九六一年援 外法案二三一項第二段第二款所訂國民平均所得一千美 元限制。將不限制美國海外私人投資保證公司活動，其 可決定是否對美國私人在臺投資計畫提供保險、再保險 、貸款或保證。 美國在台協會 第六條： （A） 美國總統或美國政府各部門與臺灣人民進行實施的各項方案、交往或其他關係，應在總統指示的 方式或範圍內，經由或透過下述機構來進行實施： 美國在台協會對在臺美國公民所提供的服務 第七條： （A） 該協會得授權在臺雇員： 美國在台協會的免稅地位 第八條： 該協會、該協會的財產及收入，均免受美國聯邦、各州或地方稅務當局目前或嗣後一切課稅。 提供美國在台協會之財產與服務及該協會所提供之服務 第九條： （A） 美國政府各部門可依總統所指定條件，出售、借貸或租賃財產（包括財產利益）給該協會，或提供行政和技術支援和服務，供該協會執行業務。 臺灣之機構 第十條： （A） 美國總統或美國政府各機構依據美國法律授權或要求，向臺灣提供，或由臺灣接受任何服務、連絡、保證、承諾等事項，應在總統指定的方式及範圍內，向臺灣設立的機構提供上述事項，或由這一機構接受上述事項。此一機構乃總統確定依臺灣人民適用的法律而具有必需之權力者，可依據本法案代表臺灣提供保證及採取其他行動者。 公務人員離職受雇於協會 第十一條： （A） 報告之規定 第十二條： （A） 國務卿應將該協會為其中一造的任何協定內容全文送交國會。但是，如果總統認為立即公開透露協定內容會危及美國的國家安全，則此種協定不應送交國會，而應在適當的保密命令下，送交參院及眾院的外交委員會，僅於總統發出適當通知時才得解除機密。 規則與章程 第十三條： 授權總統規定適於執行本法案各項目的的規則參院外交委員會。然而此種規則章程不得解除本法案所賦予該協會的責任。 國會之監督 第十四條： （A） 眾院外交委員會，參院外交委員會及國會其他適當的委員會將監督－ 定義 第十五條： 為本法案的目的： 撥款之授權 第十六條： 除了執行本法案各條款另外獲得的經費外，本法案授權國務卿在一九八０會計年度撥用執行本法案所需的經費。此等經費已獲授權保留運用，直到用盡為止。 條款的可分性 第十七條： 如果本法案的任何條款被視為無效，或條款對任何人或任何情況的適用性無效，則本法案的其他部份，以及此種條款適用於其他個人或情況的情形，並不受影響。 生效日期 第十八條： 本法案應於一九七九年一月一日生效。 ● ● ● ● ● ● | |
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| 過客 於 2003/08/31 19:45 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1972.09.29《中日聯合聲明》日文 http://www.ioc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~worldjpn/documents/texts/docs/19720929.D1J.html ● ● ● ● ● ● 1972.09.29《中日聯合聲明》中文 全文如下： 中華人民共和國政府和日本國政府聯合聲明 日本國內閣總理大臣田中角榮應中華人民共和國國務院總理周恩來的邀請，于一九七二年九月二十五日至九月三十日訪問了中華人民共和國。陪同田中角榮總理大臣的有大平正芳外務大臣、二階堂進內閣官房長官以及其他政府官員。 毛澤東主席于九月二十七日會見了田中角榮總理大臣。雙方進行了認真、友好的談話。 周恩來總理、姬鵬飛外交部長和田中角榮總理大臣、大平正芳外務大臣，始終在友好氣氛中，以中日兩國邦交正常化問題為中心，就兩國間的各項問題，以及雙方關心的其他問題，認真、坦率地交換了意見，同意發表兩國政府的下述聯合聲明： 中日兩國是一衣帶水的鄰邦，有著悠久的傳統友好的歷史。兩國人民切望結束迄今存在于兩國間的不正常狀態。戰爭狀態的結束，中日邦交的正常化，兩國人民這種愿望的實現，將揭開兩國關系史上新的一頁。 日本方面痛感日本國過去由于戰爭給中國人民造成的重大損害的責任，表示深刻的反省。日本方面重申站在充分理解中華人民共和國政府提出的“復交三原則”的立場上，謀求實現日中邦交正常化這一見解。中國方面對此表示歡迎。 中日兩國盡管社會制度不同，應該而且可以建立和平友好關系。兩國邦交正常化，發展兩國的睦鄰友好關系，是符合兩國人民利益的，也是對緩和亞洲緊張局勢和維護世界和平的貢獻。 （一）自本聲明公布之日起，中華人民共和國和日本國之間迄今為止的不正常狀態宣告結束。 （二）日本國政府承認中華人民共和國政府是中國的唯一合法政府。 （三）中華人民共和國政府重申：台灣是中華人民共和國領土不可分割的一部分。日本國政府充分理解和尊重中國政府的這一立場，并堅持遵循波茨坦公告第八條的立場。 （四）中華人民共和國政府和日本國政府決定自一九七二年九月二十九日起建立外交關系。兩國政府決定，按照國際法和國際慣例，在各自的首都為對方大使館的建立和履行職務采取一切必要的措施，并盡快互換大使。 （五）中華人民共和國政府宣布：為了中日兩國人民的友好，放棄對日本國的戰爭賠償要求。 （六）中華人民共和國政府和日本國政府同意在互相尊重主權和領土完整、互不侵犯、互不干涉內政、平等互利、和平共處各項原則的基礎上，建立兩國間持久的和平友好關系。 根據上述原則和聯合國憲章的原則，兩國政府確認，在相互關系中，用和平手段解決一切爭端，而不訴諸武力和武力威脅。 （七）中日邦交正常化，不是針對第三國的。兩國任何一方都不應在亞洲和太平洋地區謀求霸權，每一方都反對任何其他國家或國家集團建立這種霸權的努力。 （八）中華人民共和國政府和日本國政府為了鞏固和發展兩國間的和平友好關系，同意進行以締結和平友好條約為目的的談判。 （九）中華人民共和國政府和日本國政府為進一步發展兩國間的關系和擴大人員往來，根據需要并考慮到已有的民間協定，同意進行以締結貿易、航海、航空、漁業等協定為目的的談判。 中華人民共和國 日 本 國 國 務 院 總 理 內閣總理大臣 周 恩 來 田 中 角 榮 （簽字） （簽字） 中華人民共和國 日 本 國 外 交 部 長 外 務 大 臣 姬 鵬 飛 大 平 正 芳 （簽字） （簽字） 一九七二年九月二十九日于北京 ● ● ● ● ● ● 1972.09.29《中日聯合聲明》英文 －－－－－－－－－－－－－ [Title] Joint Communique of the Government of Japan and the Government of the Peoples Republic of China [Date] 1972/09/29 [Full text] Done at Peking, September 29, 1972 Prime Minister of Japan (Signed) Minister for Foreign Affairs of Japan (Signed) Premier of the State Council of the Peoples Republic of China (Signed) Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Peoples Republic of China (Signed) ● ● ● ● ● ● | |
NO:534_40
| 過客 於 2003/08/31 19:53 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1978.08.12《日中平和友好條約》-日文 http://www.ioc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~worldjpn/documents/texts/docs/19780812.T1J.html ● ● ● ● ● ● 1978.08.12《中日和平友好條約》-中文 中華人民共和國與日本國和平友好條約 中華人民共和國 日本國 中華人民共和國委派外交部長黃華； 日本國委派外務大臣園田直。 雙方全權代表互相校閱全權證書，認為妥善後，達成協議如下﹕ 第一條 締約雙方應在互相尊重主權和領土完整、互不侵犯、互不干涉內政、平等互利、和平共處各項原則的基礎上，發展兩國間持久的和平友好關係。 根據上述各項原則和聯合國憲章的原則，締約雙方確認，在相互關係中，用和平手段解決一切爭端，而不訴諸武力和武力威脅。 第二條 締約雙方表明﹕任何一方都不應在亞洲和太平洋地區或其他任何地區謀求霸權，並反對任何其他國家或國家集團建立這種霸權的努力。 第三條 締約雙方將本著睦鄰友好的精神，按照平等互利和互不干涉內政的原則，為進一步發展兩國之間的經濟關係和文化關係，促進兩國人民的往來而努力。 第四條 本條約不影響締約各方同第三國關係的立場。 第五條 本條約須經批準，自在東京交換批準書之日起生效。本條約有效期為十年。十年以後，在根據本條第二款的規定宣布終止以前，將繼續有效。 締約任何一方在最初十年期滿時或在其後的任何時候，可以在一年以前，以書面預先通知締約另一方，終止本條約。 雙方全權代表在本條約上簽字蓋章，以昭信守。 本條約於一九七八年八月十二日在北京簽訂，共兩份，每份都用中文和日文寫成，兩種文本具有同等效力。 日本國全權代表 園田直（簽字） 1978.08.12《中日和平友好條約》-英譯 Database of Postwar Japanese Politics and Diplomacy [Title] Treaty of Peace and Friendship between Japan and the Peoples Republic of China [Date] 1978/08/12 [Full text] Japan : Minister for Foreign Affairs Sunao Sonoda Peoples Republic of China : Minister of Foreign Affairs Huang Hua Who, having communicated to each other their full powers, found to be in good and due form, have agreed as follows: [Article I] 1. The Contracting Parties shall develop relations of perpetual peace and friendship between the two countries on the basis of the principles of mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, mutual non-aggression, non-interference in each others internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit and peaceful co-existence. 2. The Contracting Parties confirm that, in conformity with the foregoing principles and the principles of the Charter of the United Nations, they shall in their mutual relations settle all disputes by peaceful means and shall refrain from the use or threat of force. [Article II] The contracting Parties declare that neither of them should seek hegemony in the Asia-Pacific region or in any other region and that each is opposed to efforts by any other country or group of countries to establish such hegemony. [Article III] The Contracting Parties shall, in the good-neighborly and friendly spirit and in conformity with the principles of equality and mutual benefit and non-interference in each others internal affairs, endeavor to further develop economic and cultural relations between the two countries and to promote exchange between the peoples of the two countries. [Article IV] The present Treaty shall not affect the position of either Contracting Party regarding its relations with third countries. [Article VI] 1. The present Treaty shall be ratified and shall enter into force on the date of the exchange of instruments of ratification which shall take place at Tokyo. The present Treaty shall remain in force for ten years and thereafter shall continue to be in force until terminated in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 2. 2. Either Contracting Party may, by giving one years written notice to the other Contracting Party, terminate the present Treaty at the end of the initial ten-year period or at any time thereafter. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the present Treaty and have affixed thereto their seals. For Japan For the Peoples Republic of China : ● ● ● ● ● ● | |
NO:534_41
| 過客 於 2003/08/31 20:18 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1970.10.13《中加建交公報》-中文 全文如下：
中國政府重申：台灣是中華人民共和國領土不可分割的一部分。加拿大政府注意到中國政府的這一立場。 加拿大政府承認中華人民共和國政府為中國的唯一合法政府。 中、加兩國政府商定在六個月之內互派大使，并在平等互利的基礎上，根據國際慣例，在各自首都為對方的建館及其執行任務提供一切必要的協助。 | |
NO:534_42
| 過客 於 2003/09/02 18:00 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1941.12.30「美希望中加入共同宣言簽字」中文 駐美大使胡適自華盛頓電外交部報告美政府希望中華民國加入為共同宣言簽字國 －－－－－－－－ 宣言全文如下：「本宣言簽字國政府，對於一九四０年八月十四日美國總統及英國國務總理共同宣言，即大西洋宣言中所包含之共同目的與原則，業經予以贊同，並信為護衛生命自由獨立與宗教自由，及保全其本國及其他各國之人類權利與正義起見，對於敵國之完全勝利，實有必要。同時相信簽字各國正對企圖征服世界之野蠻獸力，從事共同奮鬥，爰特宣言：（一）每一政府承允對於與之立於戰爭狀態之三國同盟分子國家及其加入國家，使用其全部軍事與經濟資源。（二）每一政府承允與本宣言簽字國政府合作，並不與敵締結單獨停戰協定或和約。凡正在或將作物資援助與貢獻，以期戰勝希特勒主義之其他國家，均可加入上開宣言。」 以下係宋部長呈委員長電文：「國務院亟盼於一月一日發表宣言，是否可行？請即電示。子文相信此項宣言與鈞長意旨相符。如其他主要國家均表示同意，深望我方亦可予以同意，以免宣言擱置，胡大使與子文所見相同。宋子文叩。」胡適。 －〈革命文獻〉，抗戰時期，第四十七冊（上），「聯合國組統織經過（上）」，頁二九∼三０，《蔣中正總統檔案》；秦孝儀主編：《中華民國重要史料初編－對日抗戰時期》（臺北：中國國民黨中央委員會黨史委員會，民國七十年九月，初版），第三編，戰時外交，頁七九五。 （全文資料參考自：國史館印行 《中華民國與聯合國史料彙編 籌設篇》p.3）
（一九四二年一月一日） 蔣委員長鈞鑒：今晚九時總統約晤商談聯合宣言事，在座有英首相及蘇大使，總統謂該宣言擬於元旦發表，應由美、英、俄、中四強先行簽字，其餘各國將於明日簽字，文以宣言各節與前奉電示方策相符，故已從權簽字，總統並囑轉達歡迎中國為四強之一之意。 轉引自強群、黃少谷：《蔣總統為自由正義與和平而奮鬥述略》（蔣總統對中國及世界之貢獻叢編編纂委員會，民國五十七年十月三十一日出版），頁四五０。 （全文資料參考自：國史館印行 《中華民國與聯合國史料彙編 籌設篇》p.4）
（一九四二年一月二日） 最急。華盛頓。胡大使：第一八０號電悉。共同宣言請即簽字可也，並請轉子文兄。中正。冬。機渝。 －〈革命文獻〉，抗戰時期，第四十七冊（上），「聯合國組統織經過（上）」，頁三三，《蔣中正總統檔案》；秦孝儀主編：《中華民國重要史料初編－對日抗戰時期》（臺北：中國國民黨中央委員會黨史委員會，民國七十年九月，初版），第三編，戰時外交，頁七九五。 （全文資料參考自：國史館印行 《中華民國與聯合國史料彙編 籌設篇》p.5）
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NO:534_43
| 過客 於 2003/09/04 05:58 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1895.04.17 《中日馬關條約》-中文 －－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ 1895.05.08，中日派員在清國山東煙臺換約生效。
（一八九五年） 大日本帝國大皇帝與大清帝國大皇帝陛下，為訂定和約，俾兩國及其臣民重修平和共享幸福，且杜將來紛紜之端，大日本帝國大皇帝陛下特簡大日本帝國全權辦理大臣內閣總理大臣從二位勳一等伯爵伊藤博文、大日本帝國全權辦理大臣外務大臣從二位勳一等子爵陸奧宗光、大清帝國大皇帝陛下特簡大清帝國欽差頭等全權大臣太子太傅文華殿大學士北洋通商大臣直隸總督一等肅毅伯爵李鴻章、大清帝國欽差全權大臣二品頂戴前出使大臣李經芳為全權大臣，彼此較閱所奉諭旨，認明均屬妥實無闕，會同議定。各條款開列於左： 第一款 中國認明朝鮮國確為完全無缺之獨立自主國，故凡有虧損其獨立自主體制，即如該國向中國所修貢獻典禮等，嗣後全行廢決。 第二款 中國將管理下開地方之權，并將該地方所有堡壘軍器工廠及一切屬公物件，永遠讓與日本。 一、下開划界以內之奉天省南邊地方以鴨綠江溯該江以抵安平河口，又以該河口划至鳳凰城、海城、及營口而止，划成折線以南地方。所有前開各城市，皆包括在划界線內。 第三款 前款所載及黏附本國之地圖所划疆界，俟本約批准互換之後，兩國應各選派官員二名以上，為公同划定疆界委員，就地踏勘，確定划界。若遇本國所約疆界於地形或地理所關有礙難不便等情，各該委員等當妥為參酌更改。各該委員等當從速辦理界務，以期奉委之後限一年竣事，但遇各該委員等有所更定划界，兩國政府未經認准以前，應據本約所定划界為正。 第四款 中國約將庫平銀二萬萬兩交與日本，作為賠償軍費。該款分作八次交完。第一次五千萬兩，應在本約批准互換六個月內交清。第二次五千萬兩，應在本約批准互換後十二個月內交清。餘款平分六次，遞年交納，其法列下：第一次平分遞年之款，於兩年內交清。第二次於三年內交清，第三次於四年內交清，第四次於五年內交清，第五次於六年內交清，第六次於七年內交清。其年分均以本約批准互換之後起算。又第一次賠款交清後，未經交完之款，應按年加每百抽五之息，但無論何時應賠之款或全數或几分，先期交清，均聽中國之便。如從條約批准互換之日起三年之內能全數還清，除將已付息金或兩年半或不及兩年半於應付本銀扣還外，餘仍全數免息。 第五款 本約批准互換之後，限兩年之內，日本准中國讓與地方人民愿遷居讓與地方之外者，任便變賣所有產業退去界外，但限滿之後尚未遷徙者，酌宜視為日本臣民。又台灣一省應於本約批准互換後，兩國立即各派大臣至台灣，限於本約批准後兩個月交接清楚。 第六款 中日兩國所有約章，因此次失和，自屬廢決。中國約俟本約批准之後速派全權大臣與日本所派全權大臣，會同訂立通商行船條約，及陸路通商章程。兩國新訂約章，應以中國與泰西交國見行約章為本。又本國批准互換之日起，新訂約章未經實行之前，所有日本官吏臣民及商業工藝行船船只陸路通商等，與中國最為優待之國禮護視，一律無異。 中國約將下開讓與各款，以兩國全權大臣押蓋印日起，六個月後方可照辦。 第一、見今中國已開通商口岸之外，應准添設下開各處，立為通商口岸以便日本臣民往來僑寓，從事商業工藝制作。所有添設口岸，均照向開通商海口或向開內地鎮市章程一體辦理，應得優例及利益等，亦當一律享受。（一）湖北省荊州府沙市。（二）四川省重慶府。（三）江蘇省蘇州府。（四）浙江省杭州府。日本政府得派遣領事官於前開各口駐扎。 第二、日本輪船得駛入下開各口，附搭行客裝運貨物：（一）從湖北省宜昌溯長江以至四川省重慶府。（二）從上海駛進吳淞江及運河以至蘇州府杭州府。中日兩國未經商定行船章程以前，上開各口行船務依外國船只駛入中國內地水路見行章程照行。 第三、日本臣民在中國內地購買工貨件，若自生之物，或將進口商貨運往內地之物，欲暫行存棧，除勿庸輸納稅鈔派徵一切旅費外，得暫租棧房存貨。 第四、日本臣民得在中國通商口岸城邑任便從事各項工藝制造，又得將各項機器任便裝運進口，只交所定進口稅。日本臣民在中國制造一切貨物，其於內地運送稅，內地稅鈔課什派，以及中國內地沾及寄存棧房之益即照日臣民運入中國之貨物一體辦理，至應優例豁除，亦莫不相同。 嗣後如有因以上加讓之事應增章程規條，即載入本款所稱之行船通商條約內。 第七款 日本軍隊見駐中國境內者，應於本約批准互換之後三個月內撤回，但須照次款所定辦理 第八款 中國為保証認真實行約內所訂各款，聽允日本軍隊暫占守山東省威海衛。又於中國將本約所定第一、第二兩次賠款交清，通商行船亦經批准互換之後，中國政府與日本政府確定周全妥善辦法，將通商口岸關稅作為剩款并息之抵押，日本可允撤回軍隊。倘中國不即確定抵押辦法則未經交清末次賠款之前，日本仍不撤回軍隊。 第九款 本約批准互換之後，兩國應將是時所有俘虜盡數交還。中國約將由日本遣還俘虜，并不加以虐待若或置於罪戾。中國約將認為軍事間諜或被嫌逮系之日本臣民，即行釋放，并約此次交仗之所有關涉日本軍隊之中國臣民，概予寬貸，并飭有司不得擅為逮系。 第十款 本約批准互換日起，應按兵息戰。
自本約奉大清國大皇帝陛下及日本帝國大皇帝陛下批准之後，定於光緒二十一年四月十四日，即日本明治二十八年五月初八日，在煙台互換。為此兩國全權大臣署名蓋印，以昭信守。 大清帝國欽差頭等全權大臣太子太傅文華殿大學士北洋通商大臣直隸總督一等肅毅伯爵 李鴻章（押印） 大清帝國欽差全權大臣二品頂戴前出使大臣 大日本帝國全權辦理大臣內閣總理大臣從二位一等伯爵 大日本帝國全權辦理大臣外務大臣從二位勛一等子爵 光緒二十一年三月二十三日 ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ 1895.04.17《中日馬關條約》-英文 ----------------------------- Signed at Shimonoseki 17 April 1895 His Majesty the Emperor of Japan and His Majesty the Emperor of China, desiring to restore the blessings of peace to their countries and subjects and to remove all cause for future complications, have named as their Plenipotentiaries for the purpose of concluding a Treaty of Peace, that is to say: His Majesty the Emperor of Japan, Count ITO Hirobumi, Junii, Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of Paullownia, Minister President of State; and Viscount MUTSU Munemitsu, Junii, First Class of the Imperial Order of the Sacred Treasure, Minister of State for Foreign Affairs. And His Majesty the Emperor of China, LI Hung-chang, Senior Tutor to the Heir Apparent, Senior Grand Secretary of State, Minister Superintendent of Trade for the Northern Ports of China, Viceroy of the province of Chili, and Earl of the First Rank; and LI Ching-fong, Ex-Minister of the Diplomatic Service, of the Second Official Rank: Who, after having exchanged their full powers, which were found to be in good and proper form, have agreed to the following Articles:—
Article 1 China recognises definitively the full and complete independence and autonomy of Korea, and, in consequence, the payment of tribute and the performance of ceremonies and formalities by Korea to China, in derogation of such independence and autonomy, shall wholly cease for the future.
Article 2 China cedes to Japan in perpetuity and full sovereignty the following territories, together with all fortifications, arsenals, and public property thereon:— (a) The southern portion of the province of Fengtien within the following boundaries [1]: The line of demarcation begins at the mouth of the River Yalu and ascends that stream to the mouth of the River An-ping, from thence the line runs to Feng-huang, from thence to Hai-cheng, from thence to Ying-kow, forming a line which describes the southern portion of the territory. The places above named are included in the ceded territory. When the line reaches the River Liao at Ying-kow, it follows the course of the stream to its mouth, where it terminates. The mid-channel of the River Liao shall be taken as the line of demarcation. This cession also includes all islands appertaining or belonging to the province of Fengtien situated in the eastern portion of the Bay of Liao-tung and the northern portion of the Yellow Sea. (b) The island of Formosa, together with all islands appertaining or belonging to the said island of Formosa. (c) The Pescadores Group, that is to say, all islands lying between the 119th and 120th degrees of longitude east of Greenwich and the 23rd and 24th degrees of north latitude.
Article 3 [2] The alignment of the frontiers described in the preceding Article, and shown on the annexed map, shall be subject to verification and demarcation on the spot by a Joint Commission of Delimitation, consisting of two or more Japanese and two or more Chinese delegates, to be appointed immediately after the exchange of the ratifications of this Act. In case the boundaries laid down in this Act are found to be defective at any point, either on account of topography or in consideration of good administration, it shall also be the duty of the Delimitation Commission to rectify the same.
Article 4 China agrees to pay to Japan as a war indemnity the sum of 200,000,000 Kuping taels; the said sum to be paid in eight instalments. The first instalment of 50,000,000 taels to be paid within six months, and the second instalment of 50,000,000 to be paid within twelve months, after the exchange of the ratifications of this Act. The remaining sum to be paid in six equal instalments as follows: the first of such equal annual instalments to be paid within two years, the second within three years, the third within four years, the fourth within five years, the fifth within six years, and the the sixth within seven years, after the exchange of the ratifications of this Act. Interest at the rate of 5 per centum per annum shall begin to run on all unpaid portions of the said indemnity from the date the first instalment falls due.
Article 5 The inhabitants of the territories ceded to Japan who wish to take up their residence outside the ceded districts shall be at liberty to sell their real property and retire. For this purpose a period of two years from the date of the exchange of ratifications of the present Act shall be granted. At the expiration of that period those of the inhabitants who shall not have left such territories shall, at the option of Japan, be deemed to be Japanese subjects.
Article 6 All Treaties between Japan and China having come to an end as a consequence of war, China engages, immediately upon the exchange of the ratifications of this Act, to appoint Plenipotentiaries to conclude with the Japanese Plenipotentiaries, a Treaty of Commerce and Navigation and a Convention to regulate Frontier Intercourse and Trade. The Treaties, Conventions, and Regulations now subsisting between China and the European Powers shall serve as a basis for the said Treaty and Convention between Japan and China. From the date of the exchange of ratifications of this Act until the said Treaty and Convention are brought into actual operation, the Japanese Governments, its officials, commerce, navigation, frontier intercourse and trade, industries, ships, and subjects, shall in every respect be accorded by China most favoured nation treatment. China makes, in addition, the following concessions, to take effect six months after the date of the present Act:— First.—The following cities, towns, and ports, in addition to those already opened, shall be opened to the trade, residence, industries, and manufactures of Japanese subjects, under the same conditions and with the same privileges and facilities as exist at the present open cities, towns, and ports of China: Shashih, in the province of Hupeh. Second.—Steam navigation for vessels under the Japanese flag, for the conveyance of passengers and cargo, shall be extended to the following places: On the Upper Yangtze River, from Ichang to Chungking. Third.—Japanese subjects purchasing goods or produce in the interior of China, or transporting imported merchandise into the interior of China, shall have the right temporarily to rent or hire warehouses for the storage of the articles so purchased or transported without the payment of any taxes or extractions whatever. Fourth.—Japanese subjects shall be free to engage in all kinds of manufacturing industries in all the open cities, towns, and ports of China, and shall be at liberty to import into China all kinds of machinery, paying only the stipulated import duties thereon. All articles manufactured by Japanese subjects in China shall, in respect of inland transit and internal taxes, duties, charges, and exactions of all kinds, and also in respect of warehousing and storage facilities in the interior of China, stand upon the same footing and enjoy the same privileges and exemptions as merchandise imported by Japanese subjects into China. In the event additional rules and regulations are necessary in connexion with these concessions, they shall be embodied in the Treaty of Commerce and Navigation provided for by this Article.
Article 7 Subject to the provisions of the next succeeding Article, the evacuation of China by the armies of Japan shall be completely effected within three months after the exchange of the ratificatioins of the present Act.
Article 8 As a guarantee of the faithful performance of the stipulations of this Act, China consents to the temporary occupation by the military forces of Japan of Weihaiwei, in the province of Shantung. [3]
Article 9 Immediately upon the exchange of the ratifications of this Act, all prisoners of war then held shall be restored, and China undertakes not to ill-treat or punish prisoners of war so restored to her by Japan. China also engages to at once release all Japanese subjects accused of being military spies or charged with any other military offences. China further engages not to punish in any manner, nor to allow to be punished, those Chinese subjects who have in any manner been compromised in their relations with the Japanese army during the war.
Article 10 All offensive military operations shall cease upon the exchange of the ratifications of this Act.
Article 11 The present Act shall be ratified by their Majesties the Emperor of Japan and the Emperor of China, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Chefoo on the 8th day of the 5th month of the 28th year of MEIJI, corresponding to the 14th day of the 4th month of the 21st year of KUANG HSU.
Count ITO HIROBUMI, [L.S.] Viscount MUTSU MUNEMITSU, [L.S.] LI HUNG-CHANG, [L.S.] LI CHING-FONG [3] Details for the occupation of Weihaiwei were agreed to by the two sides in Separate Articles signed later the same day. [back] Source: Treaties between China and Foreign States. Second Edition (Shanghai: by order of the Inspector General of Customs, 1917), vol. 2, pp. 590-596. Special thanks to Mr. Kenneth Choy for providing this material.
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NO:534_44
| 過客 於 2003/09/11 01:12 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
1895.11.08《中日遼南條約》英文 http://www.taiwandocuments.org/liaotung.htm ----------------------------- His Majesty the Emperor of China and His Majesty the Emperor of Japan, desiring to conclude a Convention for the retrocession by Japan of all of the southern portion of the province of Fengtien to the sovereignty of China, have for that purpose named as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say: His Majesty the Emperor of China, LI HUNG-CHANG, Minister Plenipotentiary, Senior Tutor of the Heir Apparent, Senior Grand Secretary of State and Earl of the First Rank, and His Majesty the Emperor of Japan, Baron HAYASHI TADASU, Shoshii, Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of the Sacred Treasure, Grand Officer of the Imperial Order of the Rising Sun, Minister Plenipotentiary and Envoy Extraordinary, who, after having communicated to each other their full powers, which were found to be in good and proper form, have agreed upon the following Articles:—
Article 1 Japan retrocedes to China in perpetuity and full sovereignty the southern portion of the province of Fengtien, which was ceded to Japan under Article 2 of the Treaty of Shimonoseki on the 23rd day of the 3rd month of the 21st year of KUANG HSU, corresponding to the 17th day of the 4th month of the 28th year of MEIJI, together with all fortifications, arsenals, and public property thereon at the time the retroceded territory is completely evacuated by the Japanese forces in accordance with the provisions of Article 3 of this Convention, that is to say, the southern portion of the province of Fengtien from the mouth of the River Yalu to the mouth of the River An-ping, thence to Feng-huang-chen, thence to Hai-cheng and thence to Ying-kow; also all cities and towns to the south of this boundary and ail islands appertaining or belonging to the province of Fengtien situated in the eastern portion of the Bay of Liaotung and in the northern part of the Yellow Sea. Article 3 of the Treaty of Shimonoseki is in consequence suppressed, as are also the provisions in the same Treaty with reference to the conclusion of a Convention to regulate frontier intercourse and trade.
Article 2 As compensation for the southern portion of the province of Fengtien, the Chinese Government engage to pay to the Japanese Government 30,000,000 Kuping taels on or before the 30th day of the 9th month of the 21st year of KUANG HSU, corresponding to the 16th day of the 11th month of the 28th year of MEIJI.
Article 3 Within three months from the day on which China shall have paid to Japan the compensatory indemnity of 30,000,000 Kuping taels provided for in Article 2 of this Convention, the retroceded territory shall be completely evacuated by the Japanese forces.
Article 4 China engages not to punish in any manner, nor to allow to be punished, those Chinese subjects who have in any manner been compromised in connection with the occupation by the Japanese forces of.the retroceded territory.
Article 5 The present Convention is signed in duplicate in the Chinese, Japanese, and English languages. All these texts have the same meaning and intention, but in case of any differences of interpretation between the Chinese and Japanese texts, such differences shall be decided by reference to the English text.
Article 6 The present Convention shall be ratified by His Majesty the Emperor of China and His Majesty the Emperor of Japan and the ratifications thereof shall be exchanged at Peking within 21 days from the present date.
LI HUNG-CHANG, [L.S.]
Baron HAYASHI TADASU, [L.S.] ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊
-------------------- 清國以庫平銀三千萬兩為酬報, 自日本國取得遼東半島。 -------------------- 《中日遼南條約》 大清國大皇帝陛下、大日本國大皇帝陛下欲締結條約，由日本國交還奉天省南邊地方，一切仍歸中國管理。大清國大皇帝陛下持簡欽差全權大臣太子太傅文華殿大學士一等肅毅伯爵李鴻章﹔ 第一款 日本國將光緒二十一年三月二十三日，即明治二十八年四月十七日，訂立下之關條約第二款中國讓與日本國管理之奉天省南邊地方，即從鴨綠江口抵安平河口至鳳凰城、海城及營口而止，以南各城市邑以及遼東灣東岸、黃海北岸奉天所屬諸島嶼，并照本約第三款所定，日本國軍隊一律撤回之時，該地方內所有堡壘、軍器工廠及一切所屬公物件，永遠交還中國。因此下之關條約第三款，并擬訂立陸路通商章程之事，作為罷論。 第二款 中國約，為酬報交還奉天省南邊地方，將庫平銀三千萬兩，迨于光緒二十一年九月二十日，即明治二十八年十-月十六日，交與日本國政府。 第三款 中國將本約第二款所定之酬款庫平銀三千萬兩交與日本國政府，自是日起，五個月以內，日本國軍隊從該交還地方-律撤回。 第四款 中國約，日本國軍隊占踞之間，所有關涉該國軍隊之中國臣民概予寬貸，并飭有司不得擱為逮系。 第五款 本約繕寫漢文、日本文及英文各二份，校對無偽，署名蓋印，漢文與日本文遇有解譯字義不同之處，以英文為憑。 第六款 本約欽奉大清國大皇帝陛下，大日本國大皇帝陛下批准，自署名蓋印之日起二十一日內，在北京互換。 為此兩國全權大臣署名蓋印，以昭信守。 ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ ＊ | |
NO:534_45
NO:534_46
| 過客 於 2003/10/09 15:35 | |
| Re:◎各種條約全文之收集與瞭解 | |
phiau_pck, 謝謝您提供整理之連結. | |
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