2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）

2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）

Luke-Skywalker 　於　2003/05/01 00:11
2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
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NO:302_1

小毛　於　2003/05/01 12:24
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
台灣有沒有肖想過英國的什麼武器裝備的?現在機會來了,看看可不可以把幾項採購案綁在一起.嘻嘻! http://udn.com/NEWS/FINANCE/FIN1/1300000.shtml 英貿工部長來台爭取華航引擎採購案 ■ 記者鄭秋霜／台北報導大潭電廠液化天然氣（LNG）標案及中華航空的空中巴士引擎採購案，引起英國政府高階官員關切。來台訪問的英國貿工部產業事務部長江藹崙（Alan John-son）昨（30）日指出，這兩個案子可能在未來幾周定案，希望台灣能以商業考量而非政治考量來決定得標者。江藹崙是繼 4 月中旬英國中小企業部長葛里菲斯（Nigel-Griffiths）來台後，再一位來訪的英國部長級官員。英國政府一個月內有兩位部長來台關切，江藹崙說，這顯示英國積極發展與台灣的生意關係，他相信台灣會遵守 WTO 的規範，處理大潭LNG 案及華航飛機引擎案。江藹崙指出，英國殼牌（Shell）公司及英國石油（BP）公司，對大潭電廠的 LNG 案有興趣，英國勞斯萊斯（Rolls Royce）公司也希望華航採用所生產的飛機引擎，他這次來是關心這兩個案子進度。江藹崙是應台北英僑商會邀請，訪台兩天，昨天密集拜會長榮董事長張榮發、行政院副院長林信義、經濟部長林義夫、交通部長林陵三及三家英國企業，並與立法院跨黨派立委午宴。江藹崙透露，他與張榮發的會面，談及長榮在英國的投資及新擴張計畫，因為長榮採購了 10 架空中巴士，很多船的國籍登記在英國，且歐洲總部設在倫敦，是台商在英國投資的範例。江藹崙也指出，台灣是英商做生意的好地方，英國與台灣有長期關係，英國業者來台投資，必須確定台灣的投資環境良好，且採購案應以商業為考量基礎，而非以政治干預來決定。尤其，台灣已經是 WTO 的會員國，更應符合 WTO 公開、公平、透明的規範。有關美伊戰後的重建伊拉克工作，負責產業事務的江藹崙認為，整個伊拉克重建工作可能需要六個月才能看清全貌，目前最好不要強調「商機」，而應以有利伊拉克為優先順序。他拜會林義夫時，雙方已交換過意見，相信台英企業未來會有很多合作機會。至於 SARS 疫情，江藹崙說，英國正密切關察 SARS 的發展，他在拜會張榮發時也交換意見，SARS 後續影響可能得視疫情持續多久而定。【2003/05/01 經濟日報】

NO:302_2

後知後覺　於　2003/05/01 21:00
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://news.yam.com/bcc/focus/news/200305/0200305010098.html 與颱風共舞，台灣首架氣象飛機即將成軍繼續請聽彭群弼製作的新聞專題：「與颱風共舞，台灣首架氣象飛機即將成軍」(6分15秒)電影龍捲風，男女主角追逐龍捲風的場景，讓外界對於氣象工作人員的狂熱留下深刻的印象。龍捲風隨機產生，颱風則是更大規模的劇烈天氣變化，但是長期以來，人類對於颱風動態的掌握能力，始終都停留在摸索階段！即使是國力強大的美國，經過三十年的努力，至今颱風來襲前24小時的路徑預報誤差，仍然有170公里，48小時的預報誤差擴大到250公里，至於三天72小時的預報誤差更高達400公里以上。南北長只有三百多公里的台灣，每年都有颱風侵襲，如何準確掌握颱風的路徑，做好災害預防，一直是台灣地區防災的一大課題，「差一點，就差很多」的戲碼，更是年年上演，預報單位總是承受很大的壓力。颱風預報的困難在於理論架構的不完備，觀測資料蒐集的困難，都是讓預測失準的主要原因之一。鑽研颱風預報的台大大氣系教授吳俊傑表示：颱風移動的過程，都在廣大的太平洋的洋面上，無法比照陸地，透過施放探空氣球的方式，來蒐集天氣的資訊，掌握變化。正因為如此，真正影響，並導引颱風前進、煞車、拐彎轉向等等因素的大氣環境，氣象單位即使擁有超級電腦協助運算，推估，模擬，誤差仍然不小，也因為如此，颱風路徑預報的過程中，對同一個颱風，確有南轅北轍，完全不同的預測結果，也就不足為奇了目前對於颱風動態的掌握，主要都是依靠人造衛星的遙測以及氣象雷達的觀測，再加上預報人員的判斷估計而來，誤差在所難免。事實上，美國早在一九四三年，就已經有第一架飛機，直接飛進正在發展中的颱風，展開空中觀測，時至今日，空中觀測更已經細緻化到依照空層高度的不同，分為三種觀測：一萬英尺的低空，由空軍C130負責，兩萬英尺的高度，則是由裝載雷達的改裝P3反潛機負責，此外，從一九九七年開始，美國氣象單位，也利用改裝過的小型商用噴射機，在四萬英尺的高空蒐集天氣資料。這項作法，一直到七零年代，關島都有美軍的氣象飛機直接穿梭颱風中心，量測颱風的威力，當時台灣也相當仰賴美軍的資訊。有鑑於颱風預報能力的提升，首先就必須解決資料蒐集不足的問題，因此，在國科會以及中央氣象局的努力之下，國內第一架氣象觀測飛機，即將在今年正式起飛，執行第一年的先導任務，負責人就是曾經在美國氣象飛機上執行過任務的吳俊傑。談到當年親眼目睹颱風的經驗，依舊讓他相當難忘2.50吳俊傑表示：這項計畫，主要就是將美國在五年前開始的高空觀測計畫移植國內，主要的作法，是使用商用的小型噴射飛機，在颱風來襲前，以四萬英尺的高度，沿著颱風的外圍環流飛行，並同時施放裝有降落傘的探空儀(DROPSONDE)，利用探空儀穿越颱風的二十分鐘期間，蒐集颱風的溫度濕度風向風力等等資料，以便掌握颱風的真實數據，並將蒐集到的資訊，回傳氣象局，作為颱風預測的重要參考訊息。這個圓桶狀，長度只有雨傘一半大小的DROPSONDE，肩負著穿越颱風蒐集資料的任務，而且只能只能執行一次就落海報銷了！價格可不便宜每個要價三萬塊台幣，觀測一次最多要拋擲二十個探空儀，算一算，氣象人員等於從四萬英尺高空丟下一部國產轎車！要準備國內第一架氣象飛機，選上前身是國軍航發中心的國營漢翔工業公司，機種使用漢翔從以色列引進，可以搭載四名乘客的ASTRA小型商用噴射飛機，並在日前進行投擲裝備的改裝，由於是要在機身上打洞，因此過程以及經費都相當浩大，漢翔投資了兩千多萬，並通過適航認證，未來有機會取得氣象飛機的獨門生意！吳俊傑表示：為了建立操作的能量，國內也動員了包括台大，文化等氣象學系教授，以及中央氣象局的專業人員，前往美國受訓，將技術帶回國內，今年五月，將展開首次試飛，如果一切順利，今年夏天，氣象飛機就將投入實戰行列！吳俊傑說：今年初步將選定兩到三個可能侵襲台灣的颱風，在颱風侵台前六十個小時，飛行兩到三個航次，藉此建立國內操作這項技術，以及蒐集資料的能力，也期望在未來，將空中觀測列為颱風預報的基本作業。明年的計畫，則是將參考美國的經驗，嘗試飛越颱風眼，來蒐集更精確的資料，屆時也就真正可以達到研究團隊的目標：與颱風共舞！

NO:302_3

WILLIAM 　於　2003/05/02 11:44
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
航艦上　布希宣布美伊戰爭結束【施燕飛／台北報導】 http://news.chinatimes.com/Chinatimes/Moment/newfocus-index/0,3687,920502001+0+0+105929,00.html 美國總統布希在台北時間上午九點登上林肯號航空母艦發表演說，他感謝所有官兵在過去戰役的付出及成就，整個解放伊拉克的任務已經完成；目前聯軍在伊拉克進行的是重建的工作；布希向官兵們表示，在此戰役中，美軍所表現的勇氣是前所未見的，在戰略技術上也寫下新的一頁。布希表示，他相信在美國的協助下，全新的伊拉克已經到來。布希登上航艦　將宣佈戰爭結束【中央社華盛頓一日專電】美國總統布希一日搭乘海軍軍機降落在加州外海的航空母艦林肯號甲板上，布希定美東時間晚間九時在林肯號飛行甲板上發表對美國民眾演說，宣布美軍在伊拉克的主要作戰任務結束。布希今天先搭乘空軍一號總統專機前往加州，在基地換穿飛行服，並聽取緊急彈射程序簡報後，登上一架海軍S-3B維京式多任務反潛作戰飛機，起飛前往在加州外海數百里的林肯號航空母艦。布希的座位是副駕駛座，當這架外型頗為類似小型民航客機的反潛飛機升空後，它的呼號就成為美國總統專屬的﹁海軍一號﹂，而布希也成為非常少見的﹁三軍統帥副駕駛﹂。 S-3B稍後以一百五十里時速降落在林肯號飛行甲板上，並精準地被艦上攔截索勾住，飛機在幾秒內由時速一百五十里減到零，美國總統刺激但平安地登艦。白宮透露，布希今晚在結束飛行甲板演說後，將與林肯號上大約一百五十名飛行員共進晚餐，並在艦上過夜。明天早晨用過早餐後，布希就要趕在林肯號進入聖地牙哥母港基地之前離開，以免延誤艦上官兵與在港口等待他們的家人團聚。不過，布希不會搭乘作戰飛機從飛行甲板彈射升空，他將搭乘直升機離開。

NO:302_4

Luke-Skywalker 　於　2003/05/03 01:11
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://news.yam.com/cna/international/news/200305/200305020317.html 北韓呼籲全民準備抵抗美國入侵（中央社記者劉坤原華盛頓二日專電）美國福斯電視台新聞網今天報導，北韓當局昨天在五一勞動節的慶祝大會上，呼籲全民做好萬全準備，抵抗美國的入侵。而在此同時，南韓總統盧武鉉則表示，將到華府訪問，尋求和平解決北韓核武危機。北韓於勞動節前夕發表聲明，它將視美國尋求聯合國對北韓實施經濟制裁，為美國對北韓發動軍事侵略行動的啟動行為。美國已聲明希望以和平方式解決北韓核武危機，但美國官員從未排除對北韓採取軍事行動。金正日昨天在一個軍事基地與士兵們共渡勞動節。北韓擁有一百一十萬大軍，以人數而言為全球第五大軍。北韓曾於上週在北京舉行的三邊會談上，向美方提出解決核武危機的「最新而大膽的建議」，內容是建議雙方簽署互不侵犯條約，美國將北韓從「邪惡軸心」名單剔除，並對北韓實施經濟援助，北韓則停止發展核子武器計畫。鮑爾回應指出，雖然美國正在仔細研究北韓的建議中，但基本上平壤的建議顯然沒有什麼新意，走向不正確。鮑爾強調，如果美國因為北韓做了早就應當做的事情而讓步的話，那將是鼓勵敲詐和恫嚇。

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Luke-Skywalker 　於　2003/05/03 13:41
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://news.yam.com/cna/international/news/200305/200305030089.html 中共迅速公開潛艇失事作法不尋常（中央社記者劉坤原華盛頓二日專電）中國海軍一艘潛艇失事，艇上七十名官兵全部遇難。西方軍事專家說，失事的潛艇屬於中國自製的所謂「明級035型」常規動力潛艇，此型潛艇的監測和攻擊性能普遍不佳。美國之音引述詹姆斯頓基金會的軍事專家費希爾說，一些軍事專家認為，中國的潛艇一般都停靠在海軍基地，很少下水進行實戰演習和執行防禦任務，這次潛艇出事，證明中國海軍的潛艇並沒有閒置不動，顯然中國人民解放軍在展開某種程度的實戰演習。根據華府「全球安全資訊網」的資料，明級潛艇是七十年代中國開始自行設計和製造潛艇的第一批產品。潛艇長七十六米，總排水量兩千一百噸，下潛深度三百米，水下航速每小時十八海里。在生產停頓了一些年後，明級潛艇又在八十年代末恢復生產。發生事故的361號潛艇是在一九九五年湖北武昌造船廠製造。此間軍事專家認為，此型潛艇的監測和攻擊性能普遍不佳。美國之音引述此間分析人士說，這是自從中共政權執政以來，首次透露海軍潛艇失事的消息。幾個星期前，中國政府還因為封鎖有關致命的SARS疫情受到國際社會的普遍指責，這次官方迅速公開潛艇失事，是一次很不尋常的舉動。報導說，一些人猜測，身為中國軍事最高統帥的江澤民決定將這次海軍潛艇失事的消息公佈於眾，可能是為了顯示自己並不是那種一貫封鎖消息的領導人，而且自己對SARS消息的封鎖毫無責任。

NO:302_6

VOR 　於　2003/05/04 17:17
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://www.defense-aerospace.com/data/communiques/data/2003May15623/index.htm EU Meeting to Discuss Joint Security and Defense (Source: Deutsche Welle German radio; issued May 1, 2003) http://www.defense-aerospace.com/afp/defense/030502074513.ag6fj2ky.html US views EU defence mini-summit as harmful to Atlantic alliance http://www.defense-aerospace.com/afp/defense/030502214418.l5mcdxfb.html Czech doubts about idea of US military presence http://www.defense-aerospace.com/afp/defense/030502155937.qew11r0m.html US ambassador urges Canada to sign on to planned missile defence programme http://www.defense-aerospace.com/afp/defense/030502164003.3dfd0u9d.html India, US hold wargames

NO:302_7

Luke-Skywalker 　於　2003/05/04 21:11
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://news.yam.com/cna/international/news/200305/200305040145.html 日本將修改防衛大綱載明飛彈防禦（中央社記者張芳明東京四日專電）日本「共同社」今天報導，日本防衛廳快則在今年年底，就將修改一九九五年實施以來的現行防衛計畫大綱，載明飛彈防禦以對抗北韓發展核武和開發導彈對日本造成的威脅。報導指出，防衛廳以要求二ＯＯ四年度編列神盾艦發射型飛彈防禦系統為前提，將儘速修改一九九五年以來的現行防衛計畫大綱，並考慮把飛彈防禦項目列入其中，以因應北韓日增的威脅。現行防衛大綱是於一九九五年修改，主要是針對冷戰後的世界局勢而強調自衛隊的精簡化，今後將修改的內容主要是針對北韓的緊張情勢的和九一一事件後的新型恐怖威脅加上大量毀滅性武器造成的威脅。北韓在一九九八年試射「大浦洞導彈」飛越日本上空事件對日本造成極大震撼；同年年底，美日協議開始共同技術研發飛彈防禦系統至今，日本表示未來是否開發乃至部署飛彈防禦系統將視國際局勢才作出決定。北韓緊張情勢的升高使得日本開始認真檢討引進飛彈防禦系統的必要性，並針對若美日研發的飛彈防禦系統未能及時完成，則考慮引進美國單獨研發的飛彈防禦系統的可行性。不過，由於飛彈防禦可能涉及日本憲法禁止的集團自衛權問題，因此贏得政府執政黨內部的共識，將成為主張儘早部署飛彈防禦系統的日本軍方人士重要的課題。

NO:302_8

WILLIAM 　於　2003/05/05 11:54
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
2003.05.05 工商時報國防產業今年釋放五百億商機陳碧芬/台北報導 http://news.chinatimes.com/Chinatimes/newslist/newslist-content/0,3546,120501+122003050500254,00.html 軍品市場並不屬於傳統市場，在國家安全的前題下，長年呈現不完全競爭市場的面貌。自去年底國防部宣示軍方資源釋商之最新政策，原本抱持懷疑的民間業者，才發現「軍品釋商」的大餅，處處是商機，成為內需市場的重要開拓對象。冷戰之後的美國，就是藉由國防產業暨資源釋出，進而帶動經濟景氣的復甦。國防部在確保國家安全的前提下，多年來也持續推動軍品商機釋出，如開放「中山科學研究園區」、「發展軍民通用科技」、「推動工業合作計畫」、「擴大軍品認製認修」及「策略性商維」等。就以今年第一次大力推動的軍品釋商市場來看，項目包括了工程、伙食、主副食品供應等一般性軍需品，截至目前為止，已陸續向民間業者採購台幣近百億元。若包含武器採購、軍品維修等高價位商品，國防部今年在國內採購金額，預計將達五百四十九億元。未來並將逐年提高額度，至民國一百年時，可達九百零六億元，大幅超過自外國採購之比重。至於軍機、軍車及通訊系統等，由於屬於中長期開發、且具有產業架構之規模，與民間互動良好的中科院，將變裝為「軍品旗艦公司」。中科院電子所所長荊溪暠表示，民間業者依釋商規定進駐中科院，除了可以升級業者的專業技術，也因為藉此了解軍品規定，等於是由國防部免費培植未來接收軍品釋商的契機，而只要產品品質符合標準，還有軍方的保證市場，實際掌握不完全競爭市場裡的軍品商機。國防部在確保國家安全的前提下，多年來也持續推動軍品商機釋出，如開放「中山科學研究園區」、「發展軍民通用科技」、「推動工業合作計畫」、「擴大軍品認製認修」及「策略性商維」等。

NO:302_9

VOR 　於　2003/05/06 13:32
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://www.libertytimes.com.tw/2003/new/may/today/today-int2.htm 印若銷毀核武巴基斯坦願跟進

NO:302_10

VOR 　於　2003/05/07 12:42
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
德國人修好的動作越來越多 http://www.defense-aerospace.com/data/communiques/data/2003May15661/index.htm Postwar Iraq, Transatlantic Rift on Tap for German Defense Minister in Washington (Source: Deutsche Welle German Radio; issued May 5, 2003) Mondays NATO meeting in Washington will likely cover Europes role in postwar Iraq and gave Germanys defense minister the chance to bring U.S.-American relations back on track. Germany𠏋 Defense Minister traveled to Washington on Monday for a NATO conference, the first time a member of Gerhard Schr鐰er𠏋 cabinet has set foot on American soil since the fall of Saddam Hussein𠏋 regime. Peter Struck𠏋 trip marks the beginning of what is to become a flurry of diplomatic activity on the transatlantic front to sort out international participation in the security of Iraq. Two other foreign policy experts, from the German foreign ministry and chancellery, are also currently in Washington. The United States and Britain, who together sent more than 300,000 soldiers to war, now want other nations to pick up security duties as they reduce their presence in Iraq. Denmark and Poland have already committed soldiers to a planned security force, which so far is without a UN or NATO mandate. Germany might be asked to as well. Struck has, until now, refused to comment on possible German involvement in a postwar stabilization force in Iraq. His boss, Chancellor Gerhard Schr鐰er, has joined other European leaders in insisting the United Nations must play a strong role in postwar Iraq. Schr鐰er and U.S. President George W. Bush have not spoken since Schr鐰er𠏋 phone call to the White House shortly after his election victory last November. The Chancellor𠏋 vehement anti-war stance angered Washington officials, who felt betrayed by one of their historical allies. Defense summit aftermath The Washington meeting is scheduled to focus on the Ukraine𠏋 alliance with NATO member nations, but a possible topic will also likely be a recent meeting between four EU nations on setting up a European defense force. The mini-summit between Belgium, France, Luxembourg and Germany last week was heavily criticized by other European nations including Great Britain and Spain, which fear it could weaken NATO. The four, all against the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq, restated at the mini-summit an already agreed-upon European pledge to set up a strong European rapid reaction force. A Belgian proposal to set up a separate European command headquarters in Brussels, independent of NATO, was greeted cooly by France and Germany, who didn㦙 want to anger pro-NATO Washington any further. In a chat with reporters on Sunday before his U.S. trip, Struck said he would assure his counterpart, U.S. Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld, that the summit𠏋 goal was nothing more than to 弎uild-up and strengthen the European arrows in NATO.� Friendly chat with Rumsfeld After meeting with Rumsfeld Monday afternoon, Struck said the two talked in a friendly atmosphere. He remained tight-lipped about details of the discussion, saying only that there were no concrete requests from the United States on Germanys possible security role in postwar Iraq. Rumsfeld and Struck have had an up-and-down relationship since Struck took over the minister𠏋 post in August 2002. At Struck𠏋 first international meeting, a NATO Summit in Prague in September, Rumsfeld pointedly refused contact with his German counterpart, referring to him as 懀hat man.� Two months later, with Struck in Washington, the two were on better terms. Joking with reporters at a joint press conference, Rumsfeld declared ties between Germany and the U.S. as 𠀾npoisoned.� Struck heralded 弌 new beginning in cooperation.� In January, as the diplomatic fight to head off war in Iraq split the U.S. with traditional allies France and Germany, Rumsfeld gruffly dismissed the two anti-war nations as 㺸ld Europe.� A few weeks later, when asked in a Congressional hearing who refused to provide any aid to a U.S. invasion of Iraq, Rumsfeld replied: 尞ibya, Cuba, Germany:� The comments caused a stir in Germany. Struck waxes optimistic Following the coalition forces� quick victory in Iraq, Struck said he was optimistic the U.S.-German relationship would return to normal. Should he get a meeting with Rumsfeld, he said 㶏 think we would take care of that in five minutes,� he said. 㜁e will say we had a fight over Iraq, let𠏋 forget it and return to normal.� -ends- ------ http://www.defense-aerospace.com/data/communiques/data/2003May15662/index.htm Defense Budget to Rise Above 3 % of GDP (Source: Korea Information Service; issued May 6, 2003) 韓國大幅增加軍費

NO:302_11

Luke-Skywalker 　於　2003/05/09 19:30
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://news.yam.com/cna/international/news/200305/200305090165.html ABC：聯邦調查局早被告知陳文英為中共工作（中央社記者鍾行憲台北九日電）美國廣播公司新聞網（ABC News）今天報導，它進行的一項調查發現，聯邦調查局官員在十二年前就被告知，涉嫌的雙面間諜案的華裔人士陳文英在秘密為中共工作。 ABC News 表示，消息人士指出，陳文英案已使美國針對中共進行的二十年情報工作毀於一旦。這名華裔美籍公民被控將她涉嫌自長期愛人、退休的聯邦調查局反情報幹員處取得的機密資料提供給中共。五十九歲的前聯調局幹員史密斯已在上個月被捕，並在七日因他涉嫌在二十年外遇期間讓陳文英接觸機密而遭到起訴。洛杉磯一個聯邦大陪審團昨天已對四十九歲的陳文英提起五項罪名的控訴。

NO:302_12

Luke-Skywalker 　於　2003/05/09 23:03
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://news.yam.com/cna/international/news/200305/200305090450.html 日媒報導北韓明言擁有兩顆核武（中央社記者張芳明東京九日專電）日本「產經新聞」今天報導，北韓在四月二十三日至二十五日於北京召開的「三邊會談」中向美國明言擁有兩顆核武，並表示將不惜任何手段展示其核武能力。「產經」引述美國情治單位消息人士的透露指出，北韓外務省美洲局副局長李根於四月下旬在北京和美國及中共的三邊會談中向美國助理國務卿凱利明言，北韓擁有兩顆核武，並指出將不惜任何手段展示核武能力。報導指出，美國對北韓發言內容的真實性、意圖和背景慎重加以分析，獲得的結論是，北韓企圖今後將核武賣給恐怖組織或支援恐怖活動的國家，利用核武的恐怖來造成全球秩序混亂的可能性很高。報導指出，美國已總動員衛星情報和情報人員蒐集北韓核武物資的所在地及移動狀況，並把偵察所要求的精密度提升至最高度而將北韓的動向置於嚴密的監視之下。

NO:302_13

VOR 　於　2003/05/10 15:47
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
無網址 Copyright 2003 Financial Times Information Global News Wire - Asia Africa Intelligence Wire Copyright 2003 Globes Israel Business Arena May 5, 2003 ARMS UNTO THE NATIONS Oren Persico Israel manufactures and exports a great many weapons. The subject almost never arises in public debate, and when it does, people yawn, as if the Jewish people have always been arms manufacturers and merchants. After all, a nation living under the threat of war naturally makes weapons, and a country that makes weapons naturally looks for foreign markets for them. How large is Israels arms industry and how much does it export? Government ministries classify this information as privileged, but it is possible to learn about the extent of exports from foreign institutes and publications that monitor the international arms market. Defense News, one of the worlds most respected journals covering the arms market, recently reported that Israel is now the worlds third largest arms exporter, after the US and Russia, with arms exports worth $ 3.7 billion in 2002. Israels ranking jumped from its previous position in the bottom half of the top ten arms exporters. In 2001, Israels arms exports totaled only $ 2.6 billion. Israels arms exports rose 40% in 2002, and the country overtook Germany, UK, and France, to become a global arms power. The nature of Israels arms deals in recent years can be found in the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) publications. SIPRIs yearbooks report large-scale arms deals, among other things. Following are some prominent Israeli arms deals in the 1990s: 96 Barak air-to-ground missiles to Singapore; 100 Popeye air-to-ground missiles to the US; six Kfir jet fighters to Ecuador; 15 Kfirs to Sri Lanka for use against the Tamil Tiger rebels; ten rocket launchers to Chile; 18 radars to Singapore; 130 anti-tank missiles to Estonia; ten anti-ship missiles to Chile; 18 155-mm artillery pieces to Slovenia; 100 unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to South Korea; 15 tanks to Uruguay; 600 Python air-to-air missiles to Singapore; 46 Popeye missiles to Turkey; five 155-mm towed-artillery pieces to Botswana; ten radars to Chile; 48 Python missiles Ecuador; 28 UAVs to Switzerland; eight 155-mm towed artillery pieces to Cameroon; 960 Spike anti-tank missiles to Romania; six UAVs to Finland; two UAVs to the Philippines, for use against the Abu Sayyaf and other Muslim guerillas; 54 Barak missiles to Venezuela; 84 Python missiles to Chile; a landing craft (LCT) to Eritrea; a Bell helicopter to Argentina; and four Skyhawk jets to NATO. Israel Aircraft Industries VP Corporate Communications Directorate Doron Suslik says IAI signed $ 3 billion worth of new contracts in 2002. Assuming that almost 60% of the amount consists of arms exports, IAI exported almost $ 1.8 billion worth of military equipment last year. The Golda Meir era is over SIBAT - Foreign Defense Assistance and Defense Export Organization deputy director Meir Shalit declines to either refute the truth of SIPRIs figures or to comment about specific deals. He estimates there are 150-200 Israeli defense exporters, ranging from major government companies to tiny two-man firms. 50,000-60,000 people work in Israels defense industry, and they generate up to 25% of Israels annual exports. It is a huge industry that maintains a low profile. IAI president and CEO Moshe Keret praised his marketing staff at IAIs latest marketing convention. Yet, in the arms market - Israels largest exporter - advertising and marketing are largely irrelevant compared with political calculation and proven battlefield effectiveness. Shalit says the time when politics played the dominant role is over, In the 1960s all the countries in the world exported arms as part of their foreign policy, but that has passed. The defense market is just like any other market now. Sometimes its a buyers market, and sometimes its a sellers. The customer buys the best product at the best price, because theres an over-supply. Many companies from many countries compete for the large-scale tenders in an attempt to expand their market share. This is because, except for last year, due to the impending US-Iraq war, the defense market has been shrinking. Shalit admits, however, that Israels foreign policy dictates to whom its defense industries can sell arms. In his book A Double-Edged Sword. Israeli Defense Exports in the 1990s (Am Oved, 1992. In Hebrew), Prof. Aharon Klieman wrote, Arms transfers are a dual-purpose political-security tool, essential for Israels security position, and an unavoidable critical component of foreign policy. Consequently, Israels diplomacy of arms exports is a kind of extension of Israels general approach to foreign affairs. This means that in its largest export market, Israel plays by very different rules than in every other sector. Arms customers are usually sovereign states, and purchasing calculations are not always based on advertising or marketing, but on a wide range of influences and pressures. IAI has an extensive marketing deployment with offices or local representatives or agents in 85 countries. Suslik says IAI budgets $1.6 million a year for advertising in foreign publications, such as Defense News, Aviation Week, and Janes Defense Weekly, and on pertinent websites. That is only a fraction of IAIs annual budget, but the advertising is mainly directed at creating market awareness about the company, rather than actually trying to convince a customer to buy the companys products. Suslik says, We use integrated marketing tools, including traditional advertisements in journals, and participating in fairs and exhibitions. But the moment the Israel Air Force revealed, in April 2000, the Arrow anti-ballistic missile system in a public ceremony at Palmachim in the presence of the US ambassador, IAI executives, the Air Force commander, and Israeli and foreign media, and announced it was adopting the system for the countrys defense, it gave us an extraordinary first-class marketing edge. If I obtain pictures from the Ofek 5 reconnaissance satellite a few days after launch, and Minister of Defense Benjamin Ben-Eliezer then shows pictures of Iraq at a cabinet meeting, and the story is leaked to Hebrew daily Yediot Ahronot the next day, we get an exceptional marketing boost. Psst! Wanna buy an air-to-air missile? Advertising for IAI and Rafael (which SIPRI ranked as the worlds 43rd largest arms exporter in 2000) is handled by an ad agency that prefers to remain anonymous and uncredited for this article. The reticence might be out of moral consideration, and what agency would like to be associated with ads that encourage the consumption of weapons that might kill innocents, or even boomerang to hit Israeli targets. Or the reticence might be out of professional considerations, since some of the ads provide a healthy dose of humor in a very serious industry. An ad for Rafaels device to break down doors, for instance, shows a picture of a soldier firing and a huge explosion, with the caption, Open Sesame. Another ad for Rafaels Spike anti-tank missiles shows a missile and a massive explosion, with the caption, Spike was here. The pictures are accompanied with systems technical details and advantages written as if for a sophisticated radio: Easy to use, easy to assemble, fire and forget. Rafael marketing director Dr. Eitan Yudilevich says weapons have to sold like toothpaste. For him, the companys ads meet their purpose. Rafael spokesman Noah Shahar says marketing weapons is different than marketing ordinary products.

NO:302_14

VOR 　於　2003/05/10 16:35
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://www.defense-aerospace.com/data/communiques/data/2003May15697/index.htm Canada and Ballistic Missile Defence (Source: Canadian Department of National Defence; issued May 8, 2003) http://www.defense-aerospace.com/data/communiques/data/2003May15687/index.htm Disappointed Wolfowitz Still Supports U.S.-Turkish Defense Ties (Source: US Department of Defense; issued May 7, 2003)

NO:302_15

Luke-Skywalker 　於　2003/05/10 17:21
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://news.yam.com/cna/international/news/200305/200305100090.html 北韓抨擊南韓國防部長為親美媚大好戰狂（中央社記者姜遠珍漢城十日專電）北韓當局今天透過「勞動新聞」大肆抨擊，南韓國防部長官曹永吉有關北韓核武的談話，簡直就是「為打壓共和國（北韓）而掀起核騷動的美帝之同路人，將南北韓關係由和諧與團結，硬逼退到過去的對決與戰爭的逆賊行為，是親美媚大的好戰狂」。據悉，曹永吉曾於八日向南韓三軍旅團將校級以上指揮官和參謀下達他國防部長官上任以來的第一封「長官書信」中，對於北韓核武懸案問題，傳達國防部的立場時強調，雖然韓美兩國對北韓核武懸案一直堅持和平解決的原則，並致力以對話謀求解決，但倘若北韓將擁有核武一事定為目標時，則透過外交尋求妥協的空間勢將有所侷限。曹永吉強調，尤其，北韓為了提高談判籌碼，頗有可能發動突襲挑釁行動，因而，指示各級指揮官務必作好固若金湯的各種對應態勢，以因應敵人各種不擇手段的挑釁行為。對於曹永吉的前述發言，北韓「勞動新聞」今天在評述專文中批判，雖然美國一直叫囂將透過外交途徑來尋求解決，但背後卻進行打壓北韓的戰爭準備工作，採取陰陽兩面的作法，與布希一夥進行的反北韓陰謀同流合污，成為導致朝鮮半島爆發戰爭的危險的行為。「勞動新聞」譴責曹永吉，不批判美國的這種陰謀，反而指責致力和平的同族（北韓），南朝鮮軍部當局者的言行，實可謂親美媚大、沉溺於追從美帝之陋習者的一種輕舉妄動醜態。

NO:302_16

VOR 　於　2003/05/12 16:03
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://www.defense-aerospace.com/afp/defense/030510111019.fr9sk850.html US Senate committee agrees to lift ban on development of small-scale nukes WASHINGTON, May 10 (AFP) - 11:10 GMT - The US Senate Armed Services Committee has voted to lift a ban on research and development of low-yield nuclear weapons in the United States, it said in a statement. A provision repealing the 10-year-old ban was included in the 2004 national defense authorization bill, which the Senate committee passed Friday. The bill must still pass through the US House Armed Services Committee, the full House and the Senate and can be amended at each stage. US President George W. Bush, whose administration had requested the repeal, would then have to sign the bill to enact it into law. But critics of the repeal, who consider the ban a pillar of arms control in the United States, have said that the best place to block it would have been during deliberations by the influential Senate committee. The 1993 ban, called the Spratt-Furse Amendment, prohibits research and development leading to production of low-yield nuclear weapons, defined as a weapon with an explosive force of less than five kilotonnes, or 5,000 tonnes of TNT. The atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima was measured at 15 kilotonnes, according to media reports here. In a statement, the committee said it had authorized a provision to repeal the ban on research and development of low yield nuclear weapons, and stated that nothing in the repeal shall be construed as authorizing the testing, acquisition or deployment of a low-yield nuclear weapon. Proponents say the measure is necessary to counter emerging threats and because countries such as North Korea, India and Pakistan do not observe non-proliferation treaties. Without committing to deployment, research on low-yield nuclear warheads is a prudent step to safeguard America from emerging threats and enemies who go deeper and deeper underground, Senator John Warner, chairman of the committee, was quoted as saying in The New York Times. The panel also approved 15 million dollars for development of Robust Nuclear Earth Penetrator, also known as a bunker-buster for its ability to penetrate and destroy underground bunkers. The new bunker-buster would be a redesign of an existing nuclear weapon, and would have yields six times more powerful than the Hiroshima bomb, The Los Angeles Times said. The Senate committees version of the bill authorizes 400.5 billion dollars in military spending in fiscal year 2004, including 9.1 billion dollars for ballistic missile defense research, development and procurement, and a 3.7 percent across-the-board pay raise for uniformed service personnel. The panel also backed a provision requiring the US Energy Department to achieve and maintain the ability to conduct an underground nuclear test within 18 months, should it become necessary for the president to order such a test. The committee was sharply divided on the lifting the nuclear ban. We have tried for 50-plus years to make these weapons unthinkable, Senator Jack Reed, a Democrat from Rhode Island, told The New York Times. And now were talking about giving them a tactical application. Its a dangerous departure.

NO:302_17

小毛　於　2003/05/12 18:19
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
以下幾篇都是航太工業的新聞: http://news.chinatimes.com/Chinatimes/newslist/newslist-content/0,3546,120507+122003051200287,00.html 2003.05.12 工商時報航太業闢商機衍生商品出籠黃繡鳳/台中報導在歷經美國九一一事件，以及嚴重急性呼吸道症候群（SARS）疫情衝擊後，國內航太產業為求生存，其衍生商品也陸續出籠。目前除了漢翔的醫療用輪椅、拖靶機外，拓凱也研發出一體成型自行車架、複合材料安全帽、汽車內裝鈑材及後照鏡；至於台灣懷霖更與昇旺國際合作推出SARS紫外線殺菌機，使得航太相關產品項目更加多元化。台灣懷霖經理劉明哲指出，該公司係鈑金專業廠商，而昇旺國際原本就是無菌燈具專業製造公司，懷霖負責外殼生產、昇旺提供紫外線殺菌燈。他說，該公司在去年即和昇旺合作取得台積電無塵燈具訂單，此次推出SARS紫外線殺菌機，則造成港、台經銷商搶購，商機無限。多元化生產創造業績劉明哲說，該公司原本是航空貨櫃專業製造商，在去年取得長榮與復興航空訂單後，目前也和利翔航太合作製造飛機客艙娛樂系統，七月份開始出貨。他認為，在航空貨櫃未打開國際訂單前，多元化生產航太相關產品，不但可提高專業團隊技術，更可創造公司業績。另外，拓凱實業繼研發成功一體成型複合材料自行車架、安全帽外，在併購美國航太工業複合材料專業工廠NTP後，成功跨足醫療器材。該公司目前為奇異供應商，生產醫療用床板、X光機及核磁共振的關鍵零組件。拓凱實業董事長沈文振指出，公司推出的結構型複合鞋材，今年已接到世界大廠訂單，金額高達數百萬美元，而改裝車後照鏡在去年出貨後，今年訂單持續增加中；至於汽車內裝鈑材今年可望完成開發工作，航太衍生的相關產品已到了開花結果階段。至於受到九一一事件衝擊很大的漢翔航空，該公司為了提高獲利，本週起也代理奈米科技口罩，在兩岸進行行銷。該公司認為，民用飛機訂單減少，就必須提高國防科技部門營收，還好新產品銷售奏捷，包括醫療用輪椅目前普受美國與日本青睞，拖靶機及汽電共生也陸續出貨，可挹注漢翔業績。此外，漢翔研發成功的汽電共生設備，目前客戶包括統一與瀚宇彩晶，由於使用情況良好，不少民間企業也陸續探詢與採購。 http://news.chinatimes.com/Chinatimes/newslist/newslist-content/0,3546,120507+122003051200288,00.html 2003.05.12 工商時報桃縣將花六千萬打造航空嘉年華沈榮昌/桃園報導二○○三年桃園航空嘉年華，主辦單位桃園縣政府預計花費六千萬元，打造戶外航空廠商及科技產業展等。桃園國際航空嘉年華活動，預定將於八月十四日至十七日，一連舉行四天，也是全國歷年來最大的國際航空展，活動項目包括飛機地面展示、空中表演、地面裝備三五快炮等武器展示、中科院研發成果展、空軍建軍史展覽、國軍人才招募、國內外航空廠商和高科技產業展示、超輕航機相關協會展及航空教育展等項目，預估將吸引五十萬人次參觀。沈榮昌／桃園報導國內超輕航機目前仍在起步階段，最主要是法令限制問題遲遲無法突破，但預定今年八月在桃園舉行的桃園國際航空嘉年華，除了展示國軍主要戰機外，最大的重頭戲反而是超輕航機的飛行及展示。預計有來自德國、捷克、義大利、美國及俄羅斯等近八十部輕航機參展及表演，主辦單位除希望帶動國內輕航機休閒產業發展外，更希望帶動航太零組件及套件的發展商機。二○○三桃園國際航空嘉年華，雖然對外以航空展為主，但實際英文名稱為TAIWAN SPORTS AIR SHOW，反而將整個活動鎖定在休閒與歡樂的定位下進行規劃設計，希望能抓住台灣航太產業發展及休閒產業的新商機。中華民國超輕航空協會理事長高國倫指出，國內超輕航機目前仍在起步階段，主要是受限於超輕航機管理條例法令尚未通過，另外，交通部民航局及國防部對飛航空域範圍尚未勘定，因此要推動國內輕航機休閒產業的發展，仍待努力。但高國倫理事長認為，國內的航太零組件及套件的製造能力，比國外產業還要強，只是在設計上目前仍在起步階段，但展望未來，市場潛力無窮。高國倫指出，目前民航局對國內超輕航機飛行法令決定鬆綁，並決定立法管理，因此預估台灣未來可在二、三年內在國內開始蔚為風潮，而根據中華民國超輕航空協會針對台灣現有地理位置會勘結果，發現國內包括桃園石門水庫、花蓮、淡水及墾丁等休閒度假區域，都相當適合超輕航機的飛行。高國倫並說，目前歐美日本等先進國家，對超輕航機已沒有管制認證的問題，在許多國家超輕航機飛行已相當普遍，而一部超輕航機，約合新台幣六、七十萬元，相當於一部國產車的價格，而每次飛行二至三小時，飛行距離約二、三百公里左右，一旦台灣法令通過，則勢必帶動超輕航機休閒產業發展及航太零組件的市場需求，未來商機無窮。 http://news.chinatimes.com/Chinatimes/newslist/newslist-content/0,3546,120507+122003051200289,00.html 2003.05.12 工商時報航太業鎖定軍用、醫療飛機商機黃繡鳳/台中報導國內航太業者近來紛紛轉移目標，鎖定軍用、醫療飛機市場出擊。目前除了拓凱美國C.S.C公司取得波音C17空軍運輸機訂單外，緯華航太也接獲國內陸軍高中三架輕航機訂單；至於漢翔航空更鎖定國防軍機維修大餅，期能降低大環境的衝擊。拓凱實業董事長沈文振指出，該公司在併購美國航太工業複材工廠NTP後，改名為C.S.C，目前已為航太技術核心廠。他說，C.S.C公司目前業務以軍用、醫療用飛機零組件和複合材料為主，剛好避開九一一事件及SARS疫情衝擊，以九一一後該公司又增加波音C17六十架訂單而言，衝擊相當小。緯華航太行銷業務副總張國竑則表示，該公司過去全以外銷市場為主，今年開始搶攻國內商機，即已取得陸軍高中三架輕航機訂單，目前也陸續在逢甲、成功航太系推廣。他說，九一一事件後民用飛機市場萎縮；不過，該公司製造飛機為休閒式直升機，市場影響較小，外銷市場訂單和去年差不多。漢翔航空指出，該公司國防飛機相關維修業務已達年度營收一半以上，剛好可彌補民用飛機訂單銳減壓力。他說，在SARS疫情衝擊下，短期內訂單仍未產生變化，中長期可能必須面對波音與空中巴士等大廠降低訂單量，漢翔得提前因應。台灣區航太公會總幹事藍兩家認為，就航空工業而言，應屬於中長期衰退的窘境，以台灣航太業接單看來，自九一一事件後，已經面臨交貨延遲的現象，近日SARS的影響，由於需求面的減弱，中長期的發展更屬不利。

NO:302_18

小毛　於　2003/05/13 17:41
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
雖然不知道沙烏地阿拉伯這樣做是否具有針對性(最近有恩怨嗎?),不過中油台塑等應該都可以應付的來吧! http://udn.com/NEWS/FINANCE/FIN2/1320451.shtml 沙國擬對台灣日本減供石油 ■ 編譯陳智文／綜合紐約十二日電全球最大原油生產國沙烏地阿拉伯計畫下月減少對歐亞若干買主的出口，導致12日國際原油價格勁揚。根據媒體報導，沙烏地阿拉伯對若干日本和台灣買主的出貨量將減少7%，部分歐洲的出貨更將大減20%。石油輸出國組織（OPEC）成員已經同意自6月1日起減產至每日2,540萬桶，以提振油價。目前的產量約每日2,640萬桶。市場交易員估計，沙國此次減產的規模大約為15%。紐約商品交易所(Nymex)6月原油期貨12日早盤上漲51美分貨1.8%，每桶報28.23美元。倫敦國際石油交易所(IPE)布侖特原油6月期貨上漲64美分或2.6%，每桶報25.74美元。 OPEC訂6月11日在卡達集會，可能在會中決定進一步減產，卡達石油部長兼OPEC主席阿提亞說，該組織會「考慮減產的必要性」，使油價接近每桶25美元。 OPEC的原油產量占世界的三分之一，沙國4月分的日產量約930萬桶。【2003/05/13 經濟日報】

NO:302_19

小毛　於　2003/05/13 17:45
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
如果中華汽車和戴姆勒.克萊斯勒的關係越來越密切的話......以後大概國軍的卡車貨車都會是掛賓士標誌的吧!呵呵呵! http://udn.com/NEWS/FINANCE/FIN8/1319637.shtml 中華車DC合作首款車上市 ■ 記者陳信榮／台北報導中華汽車（2204）與朋馳（Benz）汽車所屬的戴姆勒克萊斯勒（DaimlerChrysler，簡稱DC）集團愈走愈近，雙方合作開發的首款乘用車Global Lancer昨（12）日發表上市，未來中華車新車型開發，都將結合DC集團資源；中華車與DC集團在大陸合設朋馳商用車廠案，最快今年底前有眉目。由於Global Lancer所屬的中小型房車，是國產車中最大的市場，也是中華車銷售量最多的車型。有鑒於市場競爭日趨激烈，中華車將Lancer改款的時程，從二年縮短為一年，繼去年中推出一次小改款車型Lancer EI後，第二次小改款車型Global Lancer也在昨天問世。 Global Lancer上市，直指目前國產中小型房車銷售冠軍和泰車（2207）Altis而來，不但定價沒有調漲（49.9萬元至68.9萬元），同時追加包括三段可調式避震器、方向盤升降檔等新配備，中華車定出Global Lancer每月銷售2,500輛的高目標。中華車高層對Global Lancer銷售相當有信心，5月1日預售以來，已接獲超過上千張的訂單。中華車表示，Global Lancer是中華車與DC集團首次合作開發的車型，力邀前朋馳首席設計師布雷（O. Boulay）操刀，協助新車改款。中華車主管指出，布雷從去年中起，就曾多次來台至中華車CARTEC設計研發中心拜會，協助中華車後續新車開發設計工作，將陸續在今年底、明年上半年與下半年上市的FreecaⅢ、Savrin與Galant新改款車型，都確定會換上與Global Lancer一樣的臉（水箱護罩）。事實上，自從中華車技術母廠日本三菱自動車加入DC集團後，中華車與DC集團間的關係也日益密切，雙方高層頻頻互訪。布雷原定出席昨天Global Lancer發表會，後因台北嚴重急性呼吸道症候群（SARS）疫情升溫作罷，但也顯示DC集團對台灣合作夥伴中華車的重視。 Global Lancer預計在今年下半年，導入泰國與菲律賓等東南亞國家生產，確定將採用台灣新開發的樣式，下半年起中華車將有大批Global Lancer套件開始外銷東南亞，每月達到2,000台套以上。中華車與DC集團在大陸福州合資設立朋馳商用車一案，目前已向大陸國務院遞案申請中，將由中華車、DC與福建省汽車集團三方以25%、25%與50%的比例合資設立，研判最快今年底前將會有著落。【2003/05/13 經濟日報】

NO:302_20

小毛　於　2003/05/13 18:07
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
看來協助防煞,軍方還可以作更多,不知道有沒有想到請中科院也幫幫忙,看看有沒有消毒,殺菌,淨水,量體溫,隔離,防護的技術可以運用於防煞的,主動一點嘛! http://news.chinatimes.com/Chinatimes/newslist/newslist-content/0,3546,110504+112003051300063,00.html 2003.05.13 中國時報 1測體溫新加坡改裝軍事器材潘勛/紐約時報新加坡十一日電為協助對抗「嚴重急性呼吸道症候群」（ＳＡＲＳ）的擴散，新加坡政府已經把本為軍事用途而研發的設備，改裝來偵測抵達新加坡旅客的體溫。新加坡改造的體溫測量設備稱作「紅外線熱感知系統」可以不加碰觸，甚至不必叫行走中的旅客停下來，就能探測旅客的體溫，鎖定發燒的人。據稱該系統簡便易用，改裝研發僅耗時一周。研發本系統的構想始自四月初。新加坡衛生部去電「國防科學暨科技署」，詢問是否有更為有效的方式，可梳檢出即將入境旅客中有誰發燒；發燒是ＳＡＲＳ的症狀之一。該署於是向新加坡國軍商借五十部熱顯像掃描器，該署外加掃描器原製造商「新加坡科技電子公司」共卅多名專家合力改造掃描器，以符新用途。改裝後的機器外加兩部平面式顯示儀，另裝變電器，俾使用一般電插頭。技術人員接下來修改軟體，把原先旨在解析溫度資料，以發現鐵軌有無裂痕的功用，改變為尋找人們有無發燒。一周之後，改裝成品竣工，推到新加坡樟宜國際機場使用。機器安裝在不銹鋼製的手推車，模樣看來像賣熱狗的小攤，但頂上沒大陽傘，推車上頭有拍攝鏡頭，外蓋以黑色金屬罩，只有鏡頭伸了出來。顯像儀之一就放在推車上頭，另一則放在架台上，朝著步行接近的入境旅客。該拍攝鏡頭可以對比週遭溫度，而「瞧見」目標的熱度，號稱十五英尺距離內溫度精準值誤差為華氏○．五度。

NO:302_21

Luke-Skywalker 　於　2003/05/14 13:56
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://news.yam.com/cna/international/news/200305/200305140137.html 蒲亭安撫保守勢力宣佈俄軍旗加雙頭鷹國徽 (中央社記者張弘光莫斯科十四日專電)俄羅斯總統蒲亭批示俄羅斯軍旗以原蘇聯國旗加雙頭鷹國徽，這項措施在北約十九會員國首次群集莫斯科開會，及美國國務卿鮑爾訪俄前夕宣佈，引起此間政治觀察家的密切注意。此間新聞評論家說，俄羅斯從沙皇時期對象徵國家的國旗、軍旗、國徽式樣非常重視。如蒲亭上任為恢復前蘇聯時代的榮耀與強大，用前蘇聯紅色鐮刀斧頭旗為軍旗，這次他在宣佈最新國情咨文前夕宣布這項改變，意義重大。這兩天，莫斯科國際政治氣氛濃厚，北約與俄羅斯委員會成立周年，首次在莫斯科開會，討論歐洲情勢，特別是巴爾幹半島情勢。過去北約與蘇聯為首的華沙集團，在冷戰時期是對立的，蘇聯解體後，華沙組織瓦解，但是北約不僅沒有解散還持續擴大，雖然俄羅斯也成為準會員，但是這種急速改變，並非每一個俄國人都能接受，蒲亭總統試圖用軍旗的改變安撫保守勢力。鮑爾訪俄將安排布希總統與蒲亭總統會晤，這兩天俄羅斯外交與國防兩部一再發表親美談話，包括說，伊拉克戰爭俄羅斯與美國立場一致，只是手法有所差異等。據評論家說，因為迫於政治現實，俄羅斯在國際舞台上要極力爭取美國支持，但是在總統大選的壓力下，蒲亭要向國內保守勢力表示，他在妥協之餘仍有自己的立場，俄羅斯軍旗加上雙頭鷹國徽這項動作的意義，就非常特殊了。

NO:302_22

VOR 　於　2003/05/15 02:15
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/military/20030507-1241-pentagonchanges.html Bush chooses new Army, Navy secretaries http://www.opinion.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2003/05/13/wfrank13.xml Franks rejects top Pentagon post

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VOR 　於　2003/05/15 14:23
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://www.defense-aerospace.com/afp/defense/030514184219.ppb0j2cc.html Russian air and naval manoeuvres in the Arabian Sea MOSCOW, May 14 (AFP) - 18:42 GMT - Russian warplanes and ships held military manoeuvres in the Arabian Sea on Wednesday, Interfax-AVN news agency said. Three strategic bombers and five other aircraft were sent to the sea area in the northern Indian Ocean, where nine battleships, a guided missile cruiser and anti-submarine ships were already located, the defence ministry said. A second phase of manoeuvres is due to take place in the Pacific Ocean in August. Russias navy is at the same time involved in joint military exercises with the Indian navy elsewhere in the Indian Ocean. ------- http://www.defense-aerospace.com/afp/defense/030513104713.rb7s1h77.html India, Pakistan already pursuing confidence-building measures: Fernandes BANGALORE, India, May 13 (AFP) - 10:47 GMT - Indian Defence Minister George Fernandes said Tuesday that India and Pakistan had already begun confidence-building measures to ease tensions between the nuclear rivals. The roadmap is being drawn now, Fernandes told reporters here. At the moment confidence-building measures are going on and it will take time. One should not rush into it now. Nobody can fix a time in matters of this nature, he said without giving further detail. One has to live with hope (otherwise) there is no focus in living, he said when asked whether the talks would yield tangible results. He said the infiltration of Islamic rebels from Pakistani to Indian Kashmir, a key sticking point in the two countries relations, was down but could rise again. Infiltration has its ups and down. At the moment it is a little down. That does not mean tomorrow it will not go up, he said. Addressing employees of state-run electronics maker Bharat Electronics, Fernandes said no nation could forever live in a state of conflict. At one point conflicts have to be resolved. All wars are finally settled at the table. They may end insofar as the use of weapons are concerned but it is ultimately settled at the table. To settle one does not have to wait until the last round has been fired, he said. Fernandes said the surprise peace move with Pakistan announced by Indian Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayee on April 18 in restive Kashmir was appreciated around the world. There might be some people who are not happy about it. Some colleagues wonder in fact (if) this was the right thing to do, he said. Tense relations between India and Pakistan have been at crisis level since a December 2001 attack on the Indian parliament that New Delhi blamed on Pakistan-based Islamic militants. Vajpayees initiative was reciprocated by his Pakistani counterpart Zafarullah Jamali, who telephoned the Indian leader and has proposed the two countries restore diplomatic, transport and sporting relations. US Deputy Secretary of State Richard Armitage said he was cautiously optimistic the two countries were on a path to normalization after a trip to the region last week. On Monday, Foreign Minister Yashwant Sinha said a summit between India and Pakistan would conclude at the end of a step-by-step process, but cautioned it would not be as dramatic as those held in 1999 and 2001. ------- http://www.defense-aerospace.com/data/features/data/fe299/index.htm Where to Next for the U.S. Military? (Source: Deutsche Welle German radio; issued May 13, 2003) With the Iraq war over, the Pentagon is again focusing on Defense Secretary Rumsfeld’s favorite topic: reforming the U.S. military. Germany, home to the biggest U.S. bases in Europe, could be hard hit. Even before he took the job of Pentagon chief in 2001, Donald Rumsfeld had been pleading for years for a fundamental overhaul of the United States military. The former naval officer, who had already served as U.S. Defense Secretary from 1975 to 1977, favored a leaner, more mobile and better-trained military. Leading a commission unofficially named after him in 1998, he told Congress the United States faced threats from weapons of mass destruction and attacks on its ports, communication centers and cities. The military needed to respond to those threats should place its emphasis on air power, naval power and the U.S. Marines and look less like a classical army, he argued. Five years later, his hypothesis seems to have been proven true. Terrorists attacked the World Trade Center in New York and the Pentagon on Sept. 11, 2001. The U.S. military successes in Afghanistan and, most recently, Iraq using highly mobile, high-tech weaponry and troops seemed to confirm that the path Rumsfeld wants to take towards troop reduction and high-tech hardware is the right one. New locations for U.S. army Should a complete restructure take place, the effects will be felt worldwide. Ottfried Nassauer, director of the Berlin Information Center for Transatlantic Security (BITS), says the future deployment area for U.S. forces most likely lies in Asia. Older bases, such as the United States Cold War-era European Command, based in Stuttgart, could face serious reshuffling or even closure. Talks are already underway to reduce the number of soldiers, currently close to 120,000, stationed in Europe. Among the first bases to be hit will be those in Germany, the home of more than 57,000 Air Force and Army soldiers and the militarys European Command. The fall of the iron curtain more than 12 years ago changed the role of U.S. forces initially brought in to Western Germany to protect against the Soviet threat. With German-American relations at a low point in recent months over Berlins anti-war stance, American officials and members of Congress talked openly about moving the military bases to less-expensive locations in Eastern Europe, where there was more support for the U.S.-led Iraq invasion. Such plans, if they were ever being considered seriously, were put on the back burner following a meeting last week between German Defense Minister Peter Struck and Rumsfeld. Struck told reporters that he didn’t expect U.S. troops stationed in Germany to moved any time soon. Reality based decision-making Nassauer shares this view. He calls the assumption that the U.S. would punish Germany for its anti-war stance on the Iraq issue by moving its troops as profound nonsense. He said such decisions are made based on factual realities and not based on political motives. Nassauer also points out that it would be absurd for the United States to close down bases such as Kaiserslautern, Ramstein or Grafenwöhr in Germany -- all are facilities in which the U.S. has invested heavily over the years. Joachim Krause, the director of the Institute for Security Policy at the University of Kiel, on the other hand, doesn’t rule out a possible movement of U.S. troops to central- and eastern European countries like Poland, which sent troops to fight in Iraq. He says that in future the U.S. wants to avoid political uncertainties, like those experienced with Germany in the last six months, when it comes to deploying troops abroad. Despite the possible reductions of U.S. troops in Germany, the situation here wont be as dramatic as the Pentagons plans for it Saudi Arabia. Instead of continuing operations in the Saudi kingdom, long Washingtons key ally in the Arab world, the U.S. military is now expected to pull all of its troops from Saudia Arabia and instead build up its presence in nearby countries like Qatar, Oman and the United Arab Emirates. -ends-

NO:302_24

VOR 　於　2003/05/15 14:35
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://www.defense-aerospace.com/data/communiques/data/2003May15780/index.htm Concern Over Rumsfeld Transformation Grows (Source: Project On Government Oversight; issued May 13, 2003) http://www.defense-aerospace.com/data/communiques/data/2003May15785/index.htm AEW, New Helos Top Aussie 04 Budget (May 14) http://www.defense-aerospace.com/data/communiques/data/2003May15787/index.htm Australia Boosts Defense Spending (May 14)

NO:302_25

VOR 　於　2003/05/15 15:02
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://tw.news.yahoo.com/2003/05/14/international/cna/3989296.html 梅嘉娃蒂明將宣佈亞齊進入軍事緊急狀態 http://tw.news.yahoo.com/2003/05/14/international/cdn/3987674.html 菲政府向莫解下通牒

NO:302_26

老頭　於　2003/05/16 00:37
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
多維簡訊﹕日本眾院批准強化軍事準備法案多維社記者報導/日本眾院15日通過了小泉首相提出的一系列旨在強化日本軍事準備的法案﹐立即引起國內外輿論對日本自二戰結束以來長期奉行的國防政策的關注。該法案隨後將送交參院討論﹐估計參院將在6月18日休會前通過它們。根據該法案﹐一旦發生戰爭﹐日本內閣及相關各部將對地方政府及其他具有戰略意義的公共和私營機構擁有更大的控制權。法案還允許軍隊使用私人財產﹐並處罰違反緊急狀態法的人。日本首相小泉純一郎稱該法案或通過是“劃時代”的變化。但該法案在日本國內引發了極大的爭議﹐因為日本戰後的和平憲法拒絕戰爭﹐也限制政府將軍隊用於除國防和維和非戰鬥任務之外的行動。批評者說﹐這些法案是日本重新軍事化的第一步﹐可能導致濫用權力及侵犯民權。目前日本法律沒有關於一旦遭受外來攻擊﹐或面臨緊迫攻擊威脅時如何動員軍隊的規定。 http://www2.chinesenewsnet.com/MainNews/Topics/2003_5_15_11_8_53_361.html

NO:302_27

Luke-Skywalker 　於　2003/05/16 23:42
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://news.yam.com/cna/international/news/200305/200305160103.html 報導稱五角大廈正在考慮重新部署海外駐軍（中央社記者鍾行憲台北十六日電）美國福斯電視新聞頻道今天報導，為了配合美國軍方各階層現代化的努力，五角大廈及其北大西洋公約組織夥伴已開始檢討海外美國軍事基地的最佳地點，以及美軍部署海外的理想武力情況。報導指出，由於冷戰已經結束，歐洲即使面臨軍事威脅也少之又少，美國也許會把軍事基地由德國等老北約組織會員國遷移到羅馬尼亞和保加利亞等對美國更友好的國家。美國軍事策劃人員表示，柯索伏、阿富汗和伊拉克的軍事行動業已證明，動用更多重裝備採取軍事行動未必效果更好，而人數較少、更機動的部隊同樣可以圓滿達成任務，往往也只需要更少的時間。美國智庫蘭德公司資深政治分析家塞納說：「真正更大的問題在於部署美國軍隊的適當情況，使他們能夠以迅速而強有力的方式因應世界任何地方發生的任何危機。」雖然國防部長倫斯斐一直不很樂於提供有關此一過程的細節，他昨天表示，美國軍方的海外部署將予調整以「適應二十一世紀的情況」。目前派駐海外的美軍約有二十五萬人，其中十一萬八千人在歐洲（德國有七萬一千人）、亞太地區有九萬人（將近四萬人派駐日本，南韓另有三萬七千人）。遷移美軍基地的決定也適逢最近有國家不願意接納美軍或是對美國明白顯示敵意之際。美國軍方已在五月一日結束它在土耳其的最後一項主要軍事任務。由於海珊政權已垮，再也沒有必要由土耳其出動飛機巡邏伊拉克北部的禁航區。此外，土耳其政府也不讓美國使用其基地發動「伊拉克自由行動」。到今年夏末時，美軍將撤離沙烏地阿拉伯的基地。駐沙美軍一直是當地反美情緒的一個來源。美國原先使用沙國基地對伊拉克南部禁航區執行巡邏任務。

NO:302_28

Luke-Skywalker 　於　2003/05/16 23:45
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://news.yam.com/cna/international/news/200305/200305160321.html 菲叛亂組織莫洛陣線開出和談條件 (中央社記者林行健馬尼拉十六日專電)菲律賓新聞媒體今日報導，莫洛回教解放陣線 (MILF)今日就與政府恢復和談事宜，開出了幾個條件。莫解組織發言人卡巴魯向廣播電台說，「任何有意促成以和平手段解決民答那峨島問題的組織或個人，都會受到歡迎，包括由美國進行調解的建議在內。」在此之前，美國方面曾表示願充當莫解組織及雅羅育政府之間的和談橋樑。莫解開出第一項恢復和談的先決條件是，政府必須撤銷對該組織數名首腦的告訴。在四月發生導致十六人死亡、逾五十人受傷的納卯市國際機場爆炸案後，菲律賓政府正式對莫解頭目提出控告。這個分離組織也要求政府軍撤離先前於二月攻下的布里沃克軍營。橫跨北古達巴多及馬金達瑙兩省的布里沃克軍營，原是莫解組織的大本營。此外，莫解組織要求政府宣佈停止軍事圍剿的行動。莫解組織政務主席查法爾 (Ghadzali Jaafar)說，該組織正審慎考慮與雅羅育政府恢復和談的可能性。菲律賓政府及莫解組織原訂於五月九日至十一日在馬來西亞吉隆坡召開試探性的和談，但莫解組織於五月四日大舉襲擊北三寶顏省的修肯鎮，擊斃至少二十七人，引起雅羅育總統的震怒，而取消和談。雅羅育隨後懸賞五千萬披索(約九十四萬美元)，緝拿莫解五名頭目，並限該組織在六月一日以前摒棄恐怖主義，否則將被正式冠上「恐怖組織」的稱號。擁有一萬二千餘名成員的莫解組織，在過去二十五年來，一直尋求在民答那峨島成立一個獨立回教國家。 http://news.yam.com/cna/international/news/200305/200305160475.html 梅嘉娃蒂展期發出對亞齊叛軍開戰政令（中央社記者余歌滄雅加達十六日專電）在印尼債權國和世銀建議下，梅嘉娃蒂總統已展期發出向亞齊獨運組織《自由亞齊運動》武裝分子開戰以及宣佈亞齊地區進入軍事緊急狀態的政令，該政令是否將予發出，端視定本月十七日和十八日在東京舉行的印尼政府和亞齊獨運組織舉行的和談結果。梅嘉娃蒂總統原定昨天中午在總統府與國會領導層舉行磋商後，對以軍事手段解決亞齊地方分離主義運動問題作出最後決定，即下令三軍對亞齊叛軍展開進攻並宣佈在亞齊進行軍管。但由於曾參加去年在東京舉行的《亞齊和平與重建會議》的印尼債權國如美國、日本、德國、義大利、瑞士、歐盟和世界銀行駐雅加達大使和代表集體要求印尼展延對亞齊叛軍開戰，梅嘉娃蒂於十五日下午與國會磋商後宣佈，仍給予亞齊獨運組織進行和談的機會，這項和會將在東京舉行。在調停亞齊停火的國際人道組織亨利杜南中心協調下，雙方同意重回談判桌，但印尼政府要求亞齊獨運組織必須接受雅加達中央政府所提出三項條件，即認同亞齊是屬於印尼共和國版圖之一、贊成在亞齊實行特別自治以及放下武器；由於這些條件向為亞齊獨運組織所拒絕，因此，觀察家多認為，雙方將難於找到交集點。在野黨領袖、人民協商會議議長芮斯發出警告說，印尼政府必須警惕西方國家在和談中扮演雙面人角色，避免有如當年東帝汶問題中印尼遭到澳洲所玩弄。印尼三軍總司令和陸軍總參謀長李阿庫都分別表示，三軍已做好作戰準備，只等待總統一聲命令而已。亞齊獨運組織發言人梭菲安‧陶武德今天發表新聞公報說，印尼願意重回談判桌是受到債權國的壓力，並且不得已同意這些債權國建議的談判地點。另一方面，五名亞齊獨運談判代表今天上午要從亞齊首府萬達正亞齊啟程前往東京出席和談會議時，卻遭到亞齊警方扣留，其理由是事先沒有獲得警方准許，並說這五人是涉嫌炸彈案的疑犯。警方指亞齊獨運領袖策劃最近在雅加達和棉蘭發生的炸彈事件。設在斯德哥爾摩的亞齊獨運組織總部聲稱，若印尼警方扣留繼續這五名談判代表，他們將杯葛和談會議；印尼副總統哈茲今午在雅加達說，如果有人擔保這五人不會逃走，警方將會放行。明天東京和會能否順利召開，至今仍是個問號。

NO:302_29

Luke-Skywalker 　於　2003/05/18 00:48
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://news.yam.com/cna/international/news/200305/200305170298.html 斐國防部長涉商業利益未申報遭譴責（中央社記者張哲雄約翰尼斯堡十七日專電）南非國防部長雷可塔（Mosiuoa Lekota）因涉及商業利益，未向國會申報，反對黨要求他下台。主要反對黨民主聯盟 (Democratic Alliance)國會黨鞭吉普生(Douglas Gibson)說，雷可塔已承認未曾申報他在部長職務外的商業利益，他應自行辭職或予免職。吉普生引用南非郵衛報（Mail & Guardian)昨天的報導指出，雷可塔承認他在石油及酒類方面的商業利益，包括持有股票及擔任董事職位等，未曾向國會申報，沒有履行國會的行為法規申報商業利益的規定。吉普生說，他已將此一事件提報國會倫理委員會，要求國會處理此事。南非政治體制係由國會多數黨組閣，內閣閣員均由國會議員出任。執政黨非洲民族議會前國會黨鞭顏格尼（TonyYengeni）及議員溫妮（Winnie Madikizela-Mandela），都曾因未向國會申報商業利益，遭國會倫理委會的調查與譴責，兩人先後自行辭去議員職位。吉普生強調，雷可塔擔任部長，違反國會議員的行為法則，未申報商業利益，事態應更為嚴重；他的人格已受到影響，他已涉及重要利益的衝突。吉普生要求雷可塔辭職，或者姆貝基總統應予免職，以樹立乾淨政府的典範。

NO:302_30

VOR 　於　2003/05/18 01:23
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://news.chinatimes.com/Chinatimes/newslist/newslist-content/0,3546,110504+112003051600065,00.html 2003.05.16 中國時報美與南韓警告：不容平壤擁核武 http://www.cdn.com.tw/daily/2003/05/16/text/920516h6.htm 從利雅德驚爆看沙王朝危局張佑之譯自原載經濟學人周刊　在美國國務卿鮑爾本月十三日抵達沙烏地阿拉伯以推動中東和平新計畫之前不久，恐怖分子針對沙國首都利雅德的外籍人士目標發動了一連串經過策劃的攻擊。到了次日，死亡人數累積到至少三十四名，另有二百人受傷。這些持槍分子攻入了三座西方人居住的院落，隨後引爆汽車炸彈。在賓拉登旗下的蓋達恐怖組織網被指為元兇的情況下，發生在沙國的這些殺戮事件凸顯出一個事實，即反恐戰爭勝負分曉之日尚遠。　沙國境內攻擊西方人士的事件與日俱增，而沙國乃是回教的發源地，也是賓拉登和九一一事件十九名劫機撞樓恐怖分子中十五人的出生地。　王儲譴責恐怖分子背棄回教　最初有些沙國官員企圖視若無睹，將這些事件指為小幫派的罪行或外籍人士彼此尋仇所致。但隨著事件趨於嚴重，情勢即日益明顯，即沙國統治者正陷入其自身的反恐之戰。在利雅德爆炸事件發生後，石油期貨價格立即攀升，顯示交易商擔心，此一地區恐怖主義暴行的惡化可能會影響到石油供應。　鮑爾認定，這些爆炸事件顯係蓋達所為。他說：「情況再度提醒我們，恐怖主義是個全球性問題美國維護全世界和平利益的行動絕不退縮。」沙國實際領導人阿布杜拉王儲對於攻擊事件加以譴責，並指恐怖分子為「罪犯和屠夫，背棄了一切回教和人道原則」。　美抨沙國保護外國人反應慢　即使由九名自殺炸彈客所執行的攻擊行動並非蓋達傑作，那麼也可能是由相關或同情蓋達的團體所策動。有七名美國人在爆炸中喪生，美方派出聯邦調查局的幹員小組以協助沙國警方調查案情。攻擊的時機顯係配合鮑爾的抵達時間，而鮑爾此行是要與阿布杜拉討論以色列和巴勒斯坦間的和平「指南」。巴勒斯坦人的苦難一向是阿拉伯世界支持好戰團體的原因。　美國官員們事先已警告，恐怖分子正計畫在沙國發動攻擊。比如美國國務院五月一日即警告該國公民，非必要勿前往沙國，因為情報顯示，恐怖團體對當地美籍人士的攻擊計畫已進入「最後階段」。在爆炸發生後次日，美駐沙國大使喬丹指控，沙國對於有關加強外籍人士建築物安全措施的要求，反應不夠快速。　阿布杜拉誓言，爆炸事件不會破壞沙國安定。該國好戰分子指控領導階層為美國利益的附庸，特別是因為當局允許美軍入駐該國。然而自聯軍攻入伊拉克以來，美國已檢討其在此一地區的軍力派駐問題，近來並宣布，將把駐沙軍隊幾乎全數撤出。在第一次波斯灣戰爭之後，約有五千名美軍留駐沙國以封鎖伊拉克上空的「禁航區」，但如今海珊已下台，因此美軍也無駐沙必要。同時美國已將該地區的空軍總部自沙國遷赴卡達。　內部反美啟戰王室壓力大　由於沙國內部對於美國領導下的伊拉克戰爭普遍憤怒以對，因此沙國領導人所提供聯軍的協助，不及聯軍期望之多。有些分析家解讀，美軍撤退是為了化解沙國紹德王室所承受的壓力，以使統治當局能夠推動政治改革，而不致看似出於美國的施壓。但美國並不希望沙國的政治變革如此牽一髮而動全身，以致打亂對西方的石油供應作業，特別是在目前遭到恐怖主義威脅的情況下。伊拉克也許會再度成為石油生產大國，而且是個在美國操控下俯首聽命的產油國，但也絕不可能替代沙國的龐大產量。　賓拉登及其追隨者早已指控美國，搶奪該地區油源，但外界無從確定，在美軍攻入阿富汗後，蓋達組織的殘餘結構還有多少；也不確定，這個組織是否只是不同國家內部各個好戰團體的鬆散組合。沙國原先沒沒無名的一個團體「阿拉伯半島聖戰士」近來誓言，要攻擊美國在世界各地的目標。一名沙國高層官員本月說，疑為恐怖分子者係直直接聽命於賓拉登，並一直計畫要對沙國境內各個目標發動攻擊，包括紹德王族成員在內。　繼承爭奪問題親王滋生對立　沙國是個專制君主國，禁止成立政黨。一九八二年即位的法赫德國王率領一個部長會議以主政，但自他一九九五年顯然中風後，便將較多權力交付王儲阿布杜拉。此後王族試圖透過共識來治國，但其成員多達數千名，意見分歧。當危機來臨時，他們固然會團結一致以衛護王族統治權，但各親王間也滋生出對立，特別是在繼承問題上。　沙國安全部隊五月六日曾在利雅德查獲一大批武器和炸藥，但據信為蓋達同情者的十九名在場疑犯卻成功逃逸，其中有些人參與了本周的攻擊行動。直到目前為止，沙國的重大恐怖分子攻擊行動多係針對軍事目標或國防承包商而發。如何處理利雅德最近的攻擊事件，將是對沙國王室的嚴厲考驗，也許能決定該王室能否繼續統治沙國。

NO:302_31

VOR 　於　2003/05/18 01:53
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://www.defense-aerospace.com/data/communiques/data/2003May15832/index.htm Polish Firm In Missile Defense Study (May 16) http://www.defense-aerospace.com/afp/defense/030516114628.illnepxh.html Cobra Gold exercises begin in Thailand with 13,000 troops SATTAHIP, Thailand, May 16 (AFP) - 11:46 GMT - The largest annual war games for American troops in Asia got underway in Thailand Friday, with 13,000 military personnel from America, Thailand and Singapore taking part. Despite concern over the SARS outbreak and US military pre-occupation with Iraq, the two-week drills are going ahead at the Utapao naval base here, 200 kilometres (124 miles) southeast of the Thai capital. During the opening ceremony, Thai Supreme Commander General Surayud Chulanond, US ambassador Darryl Johnson and Singaporean ambassador Chan Heng Wing inspected a parade of 392 military personnel from their three countries and 11 others which are observing the exercises this year. An anti-terrorism component will again feature in this years drills, following their introduction in 2002 for the first time. The September 11 and Bali attacks, combined with recent attacks in Saudi Arabia, Chechnya and elsewhere, emphasise the need for the international community to come together and protect ourselves, our societies, and our citizens from the menace of terrorism, US ambassador Johnson said in his address to the parade and a further 100 US and Thai military personnel. Multilateral exercises such as Cobra Gold are essential to help us train and work together to defeat those terrorists and eliminate their networks in Southeast Asia and around the world, he added. Thailands Surayud noted that the 22-year-old exercises would also focus on humanitarian issues. These public exercises do not aim to threaten or concern any country nearby but are rather joint exercises which aim to follow United Nations peacekeeping resolutions, Surayud said. An F-16 flyover marked the official opening of Cobra Gold. Serious concern was raised last month over whether the outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) would affect the drills, prompting officials to declare that screening of all participating personnel would be conducted at points of departure and arrival in Thailand. Thai officials said Thursday no health problems had been detected in participants. Numbers are down by half for American personnel this year, with just 7,000 participating compared to 14,000 in 2002. Thailand is sending 5,600 troops compared to 7,700 last year, while Singapore has upped its contingent from 70 to 95. US officials have said the US reduction occurred because of the nature of this years exercises and was not related to US involvement in Iraq. The United States has sent 75 aircraft to participate in the manoeuvres, while Thailand will provide 35 of its aircraft and eight ships, including three minesweepers, US officials said. The 11 countries observing the exercises are: Australia, China, India, Japan, Indonesia, Mongolia, Pakistan, the Philippines, South Korea, Sri Lanka and Vietnam. Last year 18 countries had observer status. Malaysia was invited as a participant in the exercises for the first time this year but declined to attend due to a lack of readiness.

NO:302_32

VOR 　於　2003/05/18 02:02
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
無網址 What The Papers Say (Russia) May 12, 2003, Monday A TURNKEY ARMORED PERSONNEL CARRIER Vremya Novostei, May 7, 2003, p. 4 Nikolai Poroskov OVER 100 ENTERPRISES, DESIGN BUREAUS, RESEARCH INSTITUTES, AND COMMERCIAL COMPANIES FROM TEN NATIONS WILL TAKE PART IN THE MILEX2003 INTERNATIONAL ARMS SHOW; 19 RUSSIAN COMPANIES WILL DISPLAY 120 MODELS OF MILITARY HARDWARE. BODY: Russia has seriously turned its attention to strengthening its position on weapons markets of Eastern Europe and the CIS. Right after a recent arms show in Brno where the Russian military-industrial complex showed its intention to modernize military hardware of East-European armies (including according to NATOs standards), Rosoboronexport announced its participation in another arms show, which will be held in the capital of Belarus. Russias stand at the MILEX2003 international arms show, which will be held on May 13-16, is aimed at the CIS market. For instance, Rosoboronexport proposes to build facilities for repairing and upgrading various hardware of armored combat vehicles in foreign nations (first and foremost, this concerns the CIS member-nations). Colonel-General Vyacheslav Ovchinnikov, an aide to the Rosoboronexport general director and leader of the Russian delegation said that Russia would display products created on the basis of cooperation between the Russian and Belarusian defense industries. Some models are produced with the use of Belarusian spare parts (in particular, this concerns the upgraded S-125 anti-aircraft missile complex, which has been called Pechora-2M). This complex is a basic anti-aircraft weapon in around 30 European, Asian, African, and Latin American armies. Rosoboronexport has already concluded a contract to upgrade such complexes with a Middle Eastern nation. It should be noted that the sphere of international cooperation is expanding. For instance, the T-90S missile-cannon tank delivered to India is equipped with the ESSA thermal imaging device, which was created by Russian, Belarusian and French designers. The Russian military-industrial complex will display a new model in Minsk - the Buk-M1-2 medium-range anti-aircraft missile complex. This is the only complex in the world which can destroy air targets, including invisible warplanes, and warships. Russia will also show the R-378A mobile jamming station (earlier modifications of such systems were used during the Iraq war). Visitors will be able to examine the Afalina emergency buoy, which (combined with the COSPAS-SARSAT international navigation system) determines the location of ships in distress. Over 100 enterprises, design bureaus, research institutes, and commercial companies from ten nations will take part in the MILEX2003 international arms show; 19 Russian companies will display 120 models of military hardware. The main directions are military aviation, armored vehicles, weapons for motorized infantry units, communications devices, anti-aircraft complexes, electronic warfare systems, and optoelectronic systems.(Translated by Alexander Dubovoi)

NO:302_33

Luke-Skywalker 　於　2003/05/18 21:57
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://news.yam.com/cna/international/news/200305/200305180244.html 泰最高統帥成為泰美星軍演中首位受傷者 (中央社記者郭芳贄曼谷十八日專電)泰國、美國和新加坡一年一度的金眼鏡蛇軍事演習在十五日正式開始後，喜愛跳傘的泰國最高統帥蘇拉育將軍自動參加跳傘訓練，竟碰到強烈大風，迫使他降落在堅硬的馬路上，使他的背部受傷，醫生要他靜躺二個月休息。今年九月就要退休的蘇拉育將軍十七日參加三十九名泰國和美國官兵一起跳傘，預訂降落在海軍總司令部基地前的草坪，可是突然吹來一陣強風，十六名傘兵掉落在海裡，蘇拉育將軍在空中時決定降落在距離目標附近的一條小路，卻仍舊失控，結果他跌倒在地，背部受傷，馬上送到醫院急救。這位最高統帥卻仍舊不慌不忙地表示，他很好，只是點輕傷而已。他表示，他熱愛跳傘，這次參加跳傘主要是對自己能力挑戰。泰國參謀長蘇拉普將軍事件發生後指出，以蘇拉育將軍跳傘能力，他能夠降落在由樹木和建物環繞的一小目標上，就不會受傷。

NO:302_34

Luke-Skywalker 　於　2003/05/19 19:09
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://news.yam.com/cna/international/news/200305/200305190223.html 專家批評五角大廈未策劃確保伊拉克戰後治安（中央社記者鍾行憲台北十九日電）華盛頓郵報今天指出，美國軍官、布希政府官員與國防專家一致認為，美國尚未達成改善伊拉克人民生活情況的目標，主要是因為五角大廈忽視十年來在海地、索馬利亞、巴爾幹半島和阿富汗執行維持和平任務得到的教訓。在伊拉克戰爭開打一個月前，布希政府高級官員曾說，他們贏得和平的計畫是建立在迅速提供基本服務之上，立即讓伊拉克人民覺得生活情況比在海珊政權之下已有所改善。但是在戰事結束五週之後，美國並未在伊拉克建立法律與秩序，在恢復水電、衛生和其他基本需求方面的成果也好壞不一。美國軍官、政府官員與國防專家在巴格達和華府接受訪問、以及在國會山莊作證時都表示，五角大廈未能記取在海地、索馬利亞、巴爾幹半島和阿富汗執行維和任務的教訓。此外，五角大廈也嚴重低估伊拉克政府垮台後出現劫掠與無法無天情況的可能，缺乏能夠在戰事結束過渡到戰後重建的過程中維持巴格達治安的部隊。華盛頓郵報表示，布希政府官員直到上週才開始公開承認這些估計錯誤。他們形容巴格達繼續無法無天的情況是個嚴重問題，也呼籲派遣更多軍隊敉平暴亂的浪潮｜這是美國官員一直無法向伊拉克人民保證很快會恢復秩序的原因。五角大廈伊拉克重建及人道援助辦公室在巴格達的一位高級官員說，他們執行的是「一項戰爭計畫，而非一項執法的計畫」。布希政府已在沒有任何解釋的情況下以前任資深外交官布雷默取代五角大廈指派的首席重建官員、退役陸軍中將賈納。布雷默在十三日抵達巴格達後，立即進行政策的重大改變：美軍增加在巴格達街頭巡邏的任務、積極追捕罪犯、並且開始將劫掠者囚禁二十天。布雷默和他的助理也停止任何美軍部隊撤離，同時對安全需求展開高層、廣泛的檢討。國防部長倫斯斐宣稱伊拉克安全是他的當務之急，並且加派一萬五千多名美軍到伊拉克，使進駐伊拉克的美軍增至將近十六萬人。伊拉克境內目前還有四萬名英國軍隊。布雷默十六日下令禁止一萬五千到三萬名海珊總統的社會復興黨幹部擔任政府工作，完全改變原先只將復興黨高層幹部排除在政府之外的政策｜那是開戰前幾個月期間討論擬訂的政策。為什麼五角大廈的文職領袖和高級將領會不注意伊拉克戰後維持安定對美軍的需求？五角大廈內外的國防專家表示，軍事策劃人員顯然是受到副國防部長沃佛維茨和其他高層領袖都深信美軍會被視為解放者受到歡迎想法的影響。此外，布希政府一向對動用軍隊在海外維持和平及參與建國具有反感。國防專家與部分軍官也指出，五角大廈決心儘可能派遣最少的軍隊打仗以及維持和平，反映出倫斯斐決心利用伊拉克戰爭來支持他「改造」軍方的想法｜證明人數較少而裝備較輕的部隊在特種作戰部隊與空中武力的支援下能夠在二十一世紀的戰場上克敵致勝。然而，即使部分共和黨籍國會議員也開始警告說，在戰場上漂亮的贏得勝利後，布希政府正面臨失去和平的危險。眾議院政府改革小組委員會主席、康乃狄克州共和黨籍眾議員謝茲上週在一項戰後伊拉克聽證會中指出：「在波士尼亞、柯索伏、索馬利亞、海地和阿富汗得到的必須平息戰後無法無天情況的慘痛教訓，似乎在急於奔向巴格達期間被遺忘在作戰計畫之外。」

NO:302_35

小毛　於　2003/05/20 12:52
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
不知道19日的這筆訂單是否和以前重覆?2005年10月開始交船,看來中船只要好好做,應該不會虧錢. http://news.chinatimes.com/Chinatimes/newslist/newslist-content/0,3546,120507+122003052000343,00.html 2003.05.20 工商時報萬海訂造五艘遠洋線貨櫃船張佩芬/台北報導萬海航運公司昨（十九）日與中國造船公司簽約，訂造五艘可裝載四千二百五十只二十呎貨櫃的全貨櫃輪，做為未來美國線汰小換大用。對於目前市場上已經出現可裝載八千只二十呎櫃的超大型全貨櫃輪，萬海董事長陳朝亨表示，超大型船舶適合三家以上的聯營團體，船隻調度營運的彈性空間小，萬海選擇的船型，在港口的裝卸時間短，內陸配送速度快，能夠提供客戶更快速便捷的服務。陳朝亨分析，超大型全貨櫃輪能夠彎靠的港口少，且要三家以上的聯營團體才好運作，而聯營成員多，決策機制慢，碰上突發事件，決策效率低，船隻運作也不夠靈活，近幾年同業造船越來越大型化，但是萬海卻很看好小型船，目前還準備訂造一批約可裝載一千只二十呎櫃的船舶，尤其是萬海目前租用的船隻還有二十艘，可以多造一些船隻替代租用船舶。萬海副董事長兼總經理陳柏廷則進一步說明，萬海只做有把握的事，經營美國西岸線三年後，才將原可裝載一千八百只二十呎櫃船舶，汰換為二千五百至二千八百只二十呎櫃船舶，這次訂造的五艘可裝載四千二百五十只二十呎櫃船舶，二○○五年十月才開始交船，萬海估計屆時公司的業務能力，每航次可以攬運近五千只二十呎櫃，卻選擇造小一點的船，是要讓船隻可以完全滿載，並且保留選擇運價較佳貨載的空間，以提高公司獲利能力。陳柏廷認為，船隻裝載能量如果超過六千只二十呎，運作起來就很笨重，除了裝卸時間拉長，後線的內陸場站與運輸的配合也難以做等速，會出現效率的極限值，船期會較一般船隻慢一、兩天。

NO:302_36

小毛　於　2003/05/20 12:57
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
有沒有人知道,所謂的菲律賓經濟海域離台灣多遠? http://news.chinatimes.com/Chinatimes/newslist/newslist-content/0,3546,11050604+112003052000140,00.html 2003.05.20 中國時報菲艦偽裝環保船扣我漁船曾俊彰/琉球報導琉球鄉一艘「金昇達號」漁船，十四日傍晚遭一艘偽裝成「環保船」的菲律賓軍艦扣押。目前漁船被扣在阿巴里港。琉球漁會表示，已呈報屏東縣政府，請中央政府成立專責單位協助援救。琉球漁會並提醒漁民：漁船捕魚及航行，千萬要避開菲律賓海域，因為根據菲律賓的法律，只要進入其經濟海域，不論是否下網或垂釣，均視同捕魚作業行為。「金昇達號」漁船的船長洪省三，是輪機長彭飛龍的姊夫。船上除了他們之外，還有七名印尼籍的漁工。遭到扣押的地點，是在呂宋島的東南方海域。根據琉球漁會前二天與洪省三連絡時，洪船長說，菲律賓的軍方船隻，是偽裝成「環保船」，因此才未在該船接近時儘速離開。待「環保船」一靠上來，就把洪省三押上船，接著以鐵鏈將「金昇達」號漁船拖到菲律賓的一處小島。洪省三的妻子表示，遭到扣押的漁船，八十三年以一千多萬元建造的，排水量七十一噸。船上的兩位台灣人，一為她的丈夫，一位是她的弟弟，她如今已經六神無主了。她說，這幾天來，有許多人主動找上門來，都自稱「有辦法」讓遭到扣押的人、船平安回來。若非她知道：去年被菲律賓扣押的五艘台灣籍漁船，一年來透過私人管道奔走，每艘船都花費了數百萬元，仍然無法獲得放行的話，她一定也會籌款贖船。如今她只能期望政府有關部門協助。東港漁會說明，該會所知今年的台灣漁船，已有四艘遭到菲律賓方面的扣押。除了「金昇達號」漁船外，還有到菲律賓海域與該國漁民交易魚貨，發生糾紛而遭到扣押的台東縣新港籍漁船「金春滿號」、「漁盈財號」，兩艘船的台籍人員合計五人；另有高雄籍的漁船「金生財號」，是在菲律賓的經濟海域內作業，而遭到菲律賓的扣押。

NO:302_37

Luke-Skywalker 　於　2003/05/20 19:43
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://news.yam.com/cna/international/news/200305/200305200394.html 白宮承諾對菲提供軍事及經濟援助 (中央社記者林行健馬尼拉二十日專電)雖然菲律賓總統雅羅育的美國之行目前方值第二天，但已獲得豐碩的成果。菲律賓dzMM廣播電台今日報導，美國總統布希及菲律賓總統雅羅育，今日同意由美國派遣部隊協助菲律賓清剿南方叛軍。布希在與雅羅育共同召開的一場聯合記者會中說，美國認同菲律賓作為一個「主要非北約盟友」。這使菲國有資格獲得更多美方的軍事及國防援助。布希說，美菲兩國領袖同意派遣數目未定的美軍，支持菲律賓政府在南方的打擊恐怖作業，包括掃蕩已被列為「恐怖組織」的綁票集團阿布沙耶夫組織 (AbuSayyaf)。白宮還表示將撥出六千五百萬美元的反恐經費以及二十架直昇機予菲律賓國軍，並承諾對菲提供經濟援助，包括縮減海外菲勞匯款回國的費用。華盛頓亦答應為民達那峨島撥出三千萬美元的發展援助，並協調菲律賓政府與分離份子莫洛解放陣線 (MILF)之間的和談。雅羅育在白宮為她舉行的歡迎儀式中說，亞洲國家必須加強與美國之間的反恐合作。這位強力支持美國反恐戰爭的菲律賓元首說，「雖然亞洲在自身政治及經濟安全上應負起較大的責任，但我們也應該了解，與美國建立有力的關係，對地區的和平、繁榮、穩定以及安全，將有很大的利處，特別是在反恐方面。」

NO:302_38

小毛　於　2003/05/21 12:19
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
要說中船的表現好像脫胎換骨,似乎也不為過. http://udn.com/NEWS/FINANCE/FIN8/1337763.shtml 中船今年接單達224億元 ■ 記者盧繼先／高雄報導中船公司今年至今已接到16艘大型貨櫃輪訂單，包括萬海（2615）、陽明（2609）、新興（2605）都至少訂兩艘，以每艘平均造價4,000萬美元計算，中船已接到6.4億美元訂單，折合新台幣高達224億元，創下中船營運以來的新紀錄。中船公司董事長徐強前天與萬海航運董事長陳朝亨，簽訂五艘可裝載4,250只20呎貨櫃的全貨櫃輪承造合約，未來新貨輪將為萬海拓展美國海運業務市場，每艘貨櫃輪造價約4,200萬美元，合計高達2.1億美元。這是中船公司繼為南美CSAV公司建造五艘大型貨櫃輪及預訂七艘後，又一大型貨櫃輪的建造合約。在徐強全力開發市場下，今年中船已獲得16艘大型貨櫃輪訂單，總金額高達6.4億美元，折合新台幣高達224億元。中船總經理范光男昨天表示，中船今年初以來已獲得陽明海運兩艘5,050只20呎貨櫃輪訂單，每艘造價高達5,000萬美元，南美CSAV向中船訂購五艘，其中三艘5,500只貨櫃輪，每艘造價5,500萬美元，另外二艘4,050只貨櫃輪，每艘造價4,000萬美元。范光男說，陽明海運委託兩艘7.7萬公噸散裝貨輪，每艘造價約2,000 多萬美元，新興海運委託中船建造兩艘17.5萬公噸散裝貨輪，每艘造價3,000多萬美元，中船基隆廠也接到達和航運委託製造兩艘7.7萬公噸散裝貨輪。范光男表示，中船今年1至4月營收為43.6億元，獲利約1.4億元，中船今年營收目標為140億元，獲利目標為2.8億元，今年至今已交船四艘，平均每月至少交船一艘，希望能達到全年目標。【2003/05/21 經濟日報】

NO:302_39

VOR 　於　2003/05/21 16:56
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
無網址 BBC Monitoring International Reports May 18, 2003 BURMA: KAREN GROUP DEPLORES INDIAN ARMS SALES TO GOVERNMENT Indian military officials have admitted recently that India have been selling weapons and military equipment to the SPDC State Peace and Development Council military government. The KNU, Karen National Union, issued a statement today strongly condemning the countries selling weapons to the military government including India, China, and Russia. DVB Democratic Voice of Burma correspondent Khaing Thazin presents the following report on why the KNU issued such a statement. Khaing Thazin - recording The KNU statement says; the SPDC military government seized state power by terror and brutality relying on military might after killing thousands of people in 1988. The military clique has not only refused to handover power to the NLD National League for Democracy , the winning party in the 1990 elections, but has also been tyranizing the NLD by various means. Furthermore, the SPDC military government, which is the biggest terrorist military clique, has been terrorizing the ethnic nationalities by waging a brutal war against them. In this brutal war, the SPDC troops, by its policy, have been perpetrating murder, looting, unlawful arrest and torture, rape, and forced labour. While such conditions prevail, the sale of weapons to the SPDC by some leading countries of the world and neighbouring countries is extremely deplorable and is tantamount to commission of an extremely heinous crime. This is KNU General Secretary Phado Mahn Sha. Phado Mahn Sha We pointed out that the sale of weapons to the junta by some leading countries is extremely deplorable. At the same time, instead of selling military weapons we urge them to pressure the military government for emergence of national reconciliation and to engage in genuine political dialogue. end recording Source: Democratic Voice of Burma, Oslo, in Burmese 1430 gmt 16 May 03

NO:302_40

VOR 　於　2003/05/21 16:58
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
無網址 Copyright 2003 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse Philippines seeks bigger US military aid to crush Muslim separatists CECIL MORELLA MANILA, May 19 The Philippine military called Monday for more aid from the United States to procure weapons and equipment needed to crush Muslim separatists accused of having links to international terrorist groups. Military chief of staff General Narciso Abaya laid out a wish list worth hundreds of millions of dollars hours before President Gloria Arroyo was to meet US President George W. Bush in Washington for talks expected to focus on their shared commitment in the global war on terror. There are certain capabilities that we would like the Armed Forces of the Philippines to have in order to meet its mandated tasks, and the priority right now is how to end these internal security problems that we have, Abaya told a news conference here. Arroyo ordered a major offensive on southern Mindanao island at the weekend as she began her US visit, targeting Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) guerrilla units blamed for a wave of bombings and raids that have claimed nearly 100 lives in the south since March. The three day-old operation left about 60 rebels dead and displaced more than 2,000 families, military and relief officials said Monday. One Marine was wounded while an armored transport vehicle was destroyed in fighting near the town of Pikit on Sunday, military spokesmen in the south said. Weve been asking from the United States some form of assistance in building our capability, Abaya said. The Philippines needed helicopters and transport aircraft, improved communications capability and naval vessels, he said. Brand-new patrol craft would cost hundreds of millions of dollars, Abaya added. He said the military needed to intercept arms smuggling as well as foreign militants using the Philippines porous sea borders with Malaysia and Indonesia to reach MILF bases on Mindanao and nearby areas. We have information to the effect that there are Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) members in the southern Philippines, and there are reports also that they are present in certain training camps of the MILF, Abaya said. Regional security officials have described JI, blamed for the deadly Bali bombing last year, as the Southeast Asian arm of the al-Qaeda network of Islamic militants behind the September 11, 2001 attacks in the United States. The MILF has rejected claims that the 12,500-member guerrilla group, waging a 25-year campaign to set up an Islamic state in the southern third of the mainly Roman Catholic Philippines, trained or gave material aid to foreign militants. Arroyo has given the MILF a June 1 ultimatum to renounce links with JI, al-Qaeda, and the Abu Sayyaf, a local kidnap group, or be branded as a terrorist group itself. US military aid to Manila rose to about 20 million dollars a year in 2002 as US Special Forces troops deployed on the southern island of Basilan to train Filipino troops hunting down the Abu Sayyaf, which had kidnapped tourists including three Americans. A second batch of US forces are expected in the western half of the Mindanao region as early as next month. General Abaya stressed Monday that Manila would not ask the Americans to go after the Abu Sayyaf or the MILF themselves because of legal constraints on foreign combat troops. We will just be getting some kind of assistance, advice and some support from the US, he added.

NO:302_41

VOR 　於　2003/05/21 17:14
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
無網址 Los Angeles Times May 16, 2003 Bombings Bring U.S. Executive Mercenaries Into The Light The shrouded history of Vinnell Corp. raises questions about its role in privatization of U.S. foreign policy. By William D. Hartung You had probably never heard of the Vinnell Corp. before the brutal bombing that killed at least nine of its employees in Saudi Arabia this week, but you should have. This is the second time Vinnells Saudi operations have been targeted. The first attack, in November 1995, hit the headquarters of the Saudi Arabian National Guard, or SANG, and a nearby office complex that housed Vinnell employees. Though both attacks were decried by U.S. officials as senseless violence, they actually had a chillingly clear, brutal logic. Vinnells job in Saudi Arabia is to train the national guard, which Janes Defence Weekly has described as a kind of Praetorian Guard for the House of Saud, the royal familys defence of last resort against internal opposition. That is why company employees were targeted in 1995 and again last week.The story of how an obscure American firm ended up becoming an integral part of the Saudi monarchys handpicked internal security force is a case study in how unaccountable private companies have become a central tool of U.S. foreign policy. Vinnell was founded in 1931 as a small Los Angeles-area construction firm. According to a 1975 profile of the company in the New York Times, the firms early growth was tied to the building of the L.A. freeway system, work on the Grand Coulee Dam and the construction of Dodger Stadium. But by the end of World War II, the company was already dabbling in military work, funneling guns to Chiang Kai-shek to fuel his efforts to displace the communist regime in Beijing. In a memoir, former CIA operative Wilbur Crane Eveland described using his title as Vinnell vice president as a cover while working in Africa and the Middle East in the early 1960s. Vinnells military contracts took off after that. The Times article reported that the company landed work building military airfields in Okinawa, Taiwan, Thailand, South Vietnam and Pakistan. At the height of the Vietnam conflict, Vinnell had 5,000 personnel in country. According to a March 1975 article in the Village Voice that quoted an anonymous Pentagon source, the company did everything from base construction to military operations. The source described Vinnell as our own little mercenary army in Vietnam. Also in 1975, the company received a $77-million contract to train the Saudi National Guard. The deal raised eyebrows at the time both among Senate hawks like Henry Jackson and John C. Stennis who questioned the propriety of a private company undertaking such a sensitive military training mission and reformers like then-Wisconsin Rep. Les Aspin, who found evidence suggesting Vinnell had used a middleman to bribe Saudi officials for the contract. When Peter Arnett, then an Associated Press reporter, asked one of Vinnells men in Riyadh whether he viewed himself as a mercenary he was told: [W]e are not pulling the triggers. We train people to pull the triggers. Perhaps that makes us executive mercenaries. There is circumstantial evidence to suggest that at times Vinnell employees went beyond training people to pull the triggers. In 1979, when a rebellion rocked the Saudi regime and opposition forces occupied the Grand Mosque at Mecca, Vinnell trainers were reportedly on the scene, helping to coordinate the Saudi military response. By 1981, when Ronald Reagan declared that he would not let Saudi Arabia become another Iran, Vinnells role in propping up the regime had become even more critical. The question now is what to do about companies like Vinnell, which is currently a subsidiary of Northrop Grumman Mission Systems, and which received a new $831-million, five-year contract in 1998. There have been recriminations in recent days about whether Saudi officials did enough to protect the Vinnell compound, but these criticisms miss the larger point: Why is it necessary for a U.S. company to play such a central role in training the Saudi regimes Praetorian Guard? And if the hired protectors of the Saudi regime cant even protect their own employees in the kingdom, has the time come to rethink the U.S. commercial/military presence in Riyadh? Just as Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld has suggested decreasing the U.S. troop presence in Saudi Arabia, it may be time to look at reducing the role of private military companies there as well. As the second attack on Vinnell in eight years suggests, in the context of Saudi society, the presence of executive mercenaries is apparently no less provocative than the presence of uniformed personnel. While were looking at the Saudi situation, lets also review the wisdom of using private military companies like Vinnell, DynCorps and Halliburton to do everything from bombing drug labs in Colombia to rebuilding Iraq. If we are going to rely more heavily on these firms to carry out U.S. policies, lets at least set some clear ground rules for their operations that ensure a higher level of transparency and accountability. Curbing the privatization of our foreign policy would be good for our democracy, good for Americas global reputation and good for the employees of companies like Vinnell, who have all too often been put in harms way. William D. Hartung is a senior research fellow at the World Policy Institute and a co-author of the forthcoming Power Trip: U.S. Foreign Policy After September 11th (Seven Stories Press).

NO:302_42

VOR 　於　2003/05/21 17:21
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
無網址 Copyright 2003 Financial Times Information Global News Wire - Asia Africa Intelligence Wire Copyright 2003 Kasturi & Sons Ltd (KSL) The Hindu May 13, 2003 U.S.-INDIA DEFENCE COOPERATION Robert D. Blackwill A DRAMATIC demonstration of the rapidly growing U.S.-India defence relationship recently took place in the dense jungles of Mizoram. There, American Special Operations Forces engaged their Indian counterparts in joint combined training called Exercise Balance Iroquois 03-1/Vajra Prahar. This exercise taught some of the most elite units in the U.S. and Indian armed forces how to employ combat teams in jungle terrain more effectively; detect the characteristics and modus operandi of terrorists operating within a jungle environment; and develop more effective tactics for tracking, patrolling, reconnaissance, surveillance, raids, and ambushes of terrorists operating in dense vegetation. Morale and camaraderie among the troops on both sides were outstanding, U.S. and Indian units learning from one another about the challenges of combating terrorism in a jungle environment. This initiative is one of a string of firsts in the continuing transformation of U.S.-India relations, and followed quickly on the heels of a most successful visit by General William J. Begert, Commander, Pacific Air Forces, to India. Gen. Begerts trip, his second to India within two years, involved a week-long tour of numerous Indian Air Force (IAF) facilities, and hours of professional planning with his IAF counterparts as well as with senior leaders of the Indian Army and Indian Navy. A high point of the Generals stay was when he piloted Indias newest and most sophisticated fighter, the SU-30MKI.Gen. Begerts visit, in conjunction with other deliberations between the U.S. and India, now sets the stage for an even more significant event: the first-ever air combat exercises between the best U.S. and Indian fighter squadrons in early 2004. These dramatic advances in bilateral defence interaction extend to all three services. Within the next few months the U.S. Navys elite SEALS and the Indian Navys Marine Commando Force will conduct their premier joint exercise to test their unconventional and clandestine warfare skills. These collaborative activities - along with a long line of training operations, seminars, senior officer exchanges, and unit and ship visits that have taken place over the last two years - signal that defence cooperation is a vibrant, visible, and expanding aspect of the transformed U.S.-India relationship. From virtually no interaction in January 2001, the United States and India today have completed seven major military exercises, including Geronimo Thrust in Alaska, yet another first-ever endeavour, which involved Indian forces and aircraft on American soil. Other significant milestones were the first USAF-IAF airlift inter-operability training operation, COPE INDIA 02, in Agra; and the first and largest peacekeeping command-post exercise ever held in South Asia, co-hosted by the Indian Army and U.S. Army Pacific. This record demonstrates that the United States and India have developed the understanding that comes from a series of solid and expanding cooperation programmes. The last two years have witnessed India taking on a leadership role in several new areas including planning and training for multilateral peacekeeping operations. Further, the Indian Army has agreed to co-host the 2004 Pacific Armies Management Seminar (PAMS), a yearly meeting of the senior army leadership in the Pacific region. India has also generously hosted the bi-annual visits of CAPSTONE, the final training course required of all U.S. officers slated for promotion to flag rank in each of the four military services, and the yearly visits of all Senior Service War Colleges, the Command and General Staff College, and Military Academy Cadets. While joint training, visits, and exchanges have become familiar evidence of how U.S.-India relations have changed significantly for the better under the leadership of President Bush and Prime Minister Vajpayee, the way both countries now view defence sales also presages greater bilateral cooperation in the future. In this area, there have been a number of breakthroughs recently that have put the United States and India on the road to a stable, long-term defence supply relationship. The Bush Administration has worked with the Congress to amend the law requiring congressional notification of all applications for export to India of items on the U.S. munitions list. Since October 24, 2002, only those Major Defence Equipment (MDE) items above $ 14 million now require congressional notice. This modification puts India in the same category with American Treaty Allies such as South Korea and Japan. India has also recently leased several additional US fire-finding/weapon locating radars, in addition to those already contracted for purchase. Representatives from the Indian Army and the United States Army are examining the Indian Armys request for significant Special Forces equipment and chemical and biological protection gear. And the U.S. and India are looking into possible sales of U.S. Navy P3 maritime patrol aircraft for the Indian Navy. Taken together, our defence cooperation and military sales activities intensify the working relationship between the respective armed forces, build mutual military capacities for future joint operations, and strengthen Indian military capability, which is in Americas national interest. As the recently issued National Security Strategy of the United States, a policy document that bears the personal stamp of President Bush, proclaimed: ...the United States has undertaken a transformation in its bilateral relationship with India based on a conviction that U.S. interests require a strong relationship with India. We are the two largest democracies, committed to political freedom protected by representative government. India is moving toward greater economic freedom as well. We have a common interest in the free flow of commerce, including through the vital sea-lanes of the Indian Ocean. Finally, we share an interest in fighting terrorism and in creating a strategically stable Asia... we start with a view of India as a growing world power with which we have common strategic interests. Given this crucial conviction on the part of the Bush Administration, what should the U.S.-India defence relationship aim for in the future? In the near-term, we will successfully conclude the next Defence Policy Group meeting in order to authorise more ambitious initiatives for the year ahead. This could increase the scale, diversity, and complexity of military exercises; advance cooperation in missile defence; resuscitate the Joint Technical Group; and, review the Agreed Minute on U.S.-India defence cooperation to accommodate both the new defence institutions that have arisen in India, and the rapid progress witnessed in our bilateral defence relations during the past two years. Over the longer-term, our two countries should aim to achieve other consequential goals. First, the U.S. and Indian navies could plan and execute a variety of joint operations in the Indian Ocean. Second, India could service the rest, repair, and replenishment needs of various American military units operating around the South Asian landmass. Third, the U.S. and India could share much more information, improve doctrine, and conduct exercises in support of joint counter-proliferation operations. Fourth, India could collaborate with the U.S. in peacekeeping operations, including by playing a greater role in providing intra-theatre lift for third countries involved in humanitarian or peacekeeping missions. Finally, U.S.-India defence trade, particularly through the Foreign Military Sales (FMS) programme, should increase in order to bolster bilateral defence ties and boost inter-operability between U.S. forces and those of India. An Indian military that is capable of operating effectively alongside its American counterparts remains an important goal of our bilateral defence relationship. What we have achieved since January 2001 builds a strong foundation on which to consummate this strategic objective, which will promote peace and freedom in Asia, and beyond. (The writer is the U.S. Ambassador to India.)

NO:302_43

Luke-Skywalker 　於　2003/05/22 14:23
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://news.yam.com/cna/international/news/200305/200305220028.html 土政府軍與叛亂組織交火五人喪生（中央社記者郭傳信安卡拉二十二日專電）土耳其官方安納多利亞新聞社今天報導，土耳其政府軍昨天在東部山區及北部鄉間分別與庫德叛亂組織及左派激進組織發生武裝遭遇戰，政府軍兩人及叛亂組織三人喪生，目前戰事仍在進行當中。據報導引述地方官員的話說，在首都安卡拉東方約八百公里的頓哲里山區，政府軍與大股人數不詳的庫德工人黨（土稱PKK）游擊隊發生遭遇戰，政府軍兩人喪生，游擊隊傷亡則不得而知。緊鄰頓哲里的賓戈地區，上月間也發生政府軍與庫德工人黨游擊隊衝突，政府軍兩人喪生、三人受傷。賓戈地區曾在本月一日發生芮氏規模六點四的地震，計有一百七十六人喪生，五百多人受傷。頓哲里與賓戈等東部及東南部地區，居民均以庫德人為主，自一九八七年庫德工人黨游擊隊興起，試圖在當地獨立建國，與政府軍展開武裝對抗，直到一九九九年庫德首腦歐加蘭為當局逮捕，游擊隊撤退至鄰近的伊拉克北部境內為止，已造成至少三萬五千人喪生。但據政府軍表示，庫德游擊隊除大約五千至八千名主力退守至伊北之外，目前仍約有五百人藏匿在土耳其東部及東南部，頓哲里一地即約有一百五十多名游擊隊，其中至少五十人是日前才從伊拉克北部越界潛入，顯然在避免與伊北境內的美軍發生衝突。安納多利亞新聞社並報導說，昨天同時，保安部隊在土耳其北部黑海邊的吉瑞松鄉間（位於安卡拉東北方約六百二十六公里），與左派激進組織「土耳其工農解放軍」武裝份子發生衝突，擊斃三人，擄獲部分槍枝；政府軍無傷亡，目前仍繼續追擊在逃的殘餘份子。另據報導引述警方公布最新調查證實，首都安卡拉鬧區一家咖啡店昨天上午發生自殺炸彈爆炸事件，造成一人喪生、一人受傷，喪生者為左派激進組織「人民革命黨／陣線」的女性成員雅庫特，顯然是在店中洗手間試圖將炸藥安裝在身上時，不慎觸及引信而提前爆炸，炸死自己。

NO:302_44

Luke-Skywalker 　於　2003/05/23 18:33
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://news.yam.com/cna/international/news/200305/200305230339.html 美副國防部長：美軍將會長時間留駐伊拉克（中央社記者鍾行憲台北二十三日電）據News Max.Com網站披露，美國國防部副部長沃佛維茨指出，在伊拉克人接管他們自己國家的日常事務之後，美國軍隊還會留駐伊拉克一段長時間。然而，他拒絕估計有多少美軍會繼續留駐伊拉克多久時間。沃佛維茨昨天在參議院外交關係委員會作證時說：「雖然我們打算很快撤出伊拉克人的政治生活和日常決定，需要我們提供基本安全武力的時間多長，我們就會在伊拉克留駐多久。」他在與德拉瓦州民主黨籍參議員拜登的一段相當火爆的對話中說：「問題是很難預測這要多久時間。」拜登在聽證會一開始就聲稱，美國在伊拉克維持和平的部署期間將會超過美國在海外的任何其他維和承諾，重建的成本也將更為高昂。他接著質問沃佛維茨：「你們什麼時候才會告訴美國人民？」身為布希政府主戰派大將的沃佛維茨不甘示弱答道：「我不知道今後的兩年會需要多少軍隊（留駐伊拉克維持和平）。」即將卸任的美國陸軍參謀長辛塞基在二月間估計美國需要幾十萬軍隊維持伊拉克和平後，沃佛維茨立即予以公開駁斥。他昨天告訴參院外交關係委員會：「我認為（辛塞基的評論）是非常有害的。」沃佛維茨以美軍在八年之後仍然留駐波士尼亞為例指出，美國必須信守派兵在伊拉克維持和平的承諾。他又說，在許多方面，伊拉克的情況比巴爾幹半島更棘手：伊拉克目前仍有「幾萬」海珊政權的死忠者，加上戰爭期間巴格達約有兩萬名囚犯獲釋，這使得美軍更難恢復伊拉克的秩序。在另一方面，困擾伊拉克的不是摧毀巴爾幹半島的族裔間暴力衝突。沃佛維茨指出，美軍開進伊拉克時也得到在巴爾幹半島不曾有過的一些善意。美國參謀首長聯席會議副主席培斯指出，目前在伊拉克境內的美軍有十四萬五千人，第一裝甲師的一萬八千名部隊正在開往伊拉克途中。他說：「我們面臨重大的問題，但是在伊拉克境內也有莫大資源」可處理重大問題。布希政府指望以伊拉克的豐富石油蘊藏來支應重建的需求，但是參議員拜登聲稱，伊拉克的石油基本設施已破損不堪，單只恢復伊拉克油田的正常運轉就要耗費美國納稅人幾十億美元的稅款。拜登表示，伊拉克油田要恢復一天生產一百萬桶原油的情況，將需要五十億美元的投資。產量提高到一天五百五十萬桶，將需要七到十年時間和三、四百億美元投資。目前也沒有任何人暗示伊拉克的石油收入足夠支應此一支出。這位參議員又說，據估計美國明年會有將近四千億美元的預算赤字，「美國人民將不會了解」為什麼要把可以花在國內的幾十億美元送到伊拉克去。

NO:302_45

Luke-Skywalker 　於　2003/05/23 21:30
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://news.yam.com/cna/international/news/200305/200305230453.html 印尼軍隊攻佔亞齊叛軍訓練基地納尼島（中央社記者余歌滄雅加達二十三日專電）印尼三軍軍事行動指揮部發言人雅尼中校今天在亞齊首府宣佈，印尼政府軍自昨天開始進攻位於大亞齊縣離岸納尼島後，以陸戰隊為主的戰鬥部隊今天已成功攻佔該島，三名亞齊叛軍被打死，並沒收一批武器。該島向來為亞齊獨運組織《自由亞齊運動》軍訓基地，島上有面積廣闊的大麻種植，印尼當局指控亞齊獨運分子經常依靠出售大麻收入當作活動經費。印尼政府是於本月十九日開始動員近五萬名軍警，進剿亞齊十五縣區中八個縣區的亞齊叛軍，據說初步已獲得順利進展。上述發言人又稱，政府軍與亞獨武裝分子今天繼續在比倫及比迪等縣區發生戰鬥，造成至少有四名亞獨分子被打死。印尼軍方宣佈，軍事行動進入第五天後，被打死的叛軍超過五十人，至少有三名叛軍的區域指揮官被打死及投降。但亞齊獨立軍發言人梭菲安達烏發表的新聞公報說，陣亡的獨立軍只有十二人，三人受傷，七人被逮捕，其中包括三名亞獨談判代表。據稱，亞齊獨立軍已總共打死四十三名印尼軍警，但未說明何時何地。該新聞公報也指控印尼軍隊屠殺五十三名平民，並打傷一百二十一人。自開戰以來，有關無辜平民被殺消息紛至沓來，戰鬥雙方互相指責是兇手。綜合雅加達各電視報導指出，至二十三日中午為止，在展開剿獨軍事行動軍七個縣區中，已有三百所中小學校被不明分子燒燬，造成至少十萬名學生失學，印尼軍方和亞獨組織互相指責對方是縱火者；亞齊軍管執行人下令，對縱火者格殺勿論。前任總統瓦希德指出，數百所學校被燒燬後果嚴重，當局必須調查縱火者來自哪一個集團。軍事觀察家、前陸軍退休將領蘇艾迪分析說，在亞齊各地的叛軍今天開始已從守勢改為攻勢，並且將展開心理戰，誇大其戰績。據報導，亞獨游擊隊今天下午以手榴彈攻擊首府萬達亞齊的一個軍事哨站，一名印尼兵士受重傷。據雅加達媒體報導，戰事爆發後至少有三十輛各類車輛被叛軍燒燬，叛軍不斷攔截公共巴士和運輸日用品的卡車結果，造成運輸業停擺，多個縣區已出現必需品短缺和物價暴漲現象，亞齊與外省陸路交通完全中斷。亞齊省長說，將設法通過空運物資克服該問題。

NO:302_46

ryan2181 　於　2003/05/26 09:37
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://news.chinatimes.com/Chinatimes/newslist/newslist-content/0,3546,110504+112003052600062,00.html 2003.05.26 中國時報英國兩王子要念皇家軍校鍾玉玨/綜合外電報導英國兩個小王子威廉與哈利將延續從軍的王室傳統，而他們將申請以入伍生的身分進入桑赫斯特皇家軍事學院就讀。兩人入伍後可能「正面交鋒」，爭取出席象徵入伍生最高榮譽的授劍典禮。不過目前的變數在於兩位小王子是否會在學業告一段落後休息一陣子，若是，兩人可能無法同時入伍。下月滿廿一歲的威廉，打算在二○○五年取得聖安得魯大學歷史學士學位後，入伍服役一年。哈利的入伍時間取決於今夏能否以優異成績畢業進入大學。據悉兩位小王子決定入伍完全是「出於己意」。至於外傳威廉將前往紐約發展，在拍賣公司或藝廊工作，一名消息人士已出面否認。一名親近威廉的消息人士表示，威廉決定入伍，部份是因為「軍中是他維護隱私的最後堡壘」。而哈利曾有狂飲與嘗試吸毒的記錄，入伍可以讓他遠離其他同學的誘惑。王室發言人堅稱，兩位小王子一定能憑實力獲准加入皇家軍事學院。

NO:302_47

ryan2181 　於　2003/05/26 15:21
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://udn.com/NEWS/WORLD/WOR3/1347766.shtml 烏克蘭客機墜毀機上共有74人編譯彭淮棟/美聯社安卡拉二十六日電土耳其媒體報導，烏克蘭一架載著74人的客機26日清晨在土耳其西北部墜毀。機上乘客大多是派駐阿富汗的西班牙軍事人員。報導說，墜機地點在黑海港口特拉布森以南50公里的馬卡鎮山區。民營的NTV電視報導，出事飛機載著62名西班牙籍維和部隊和12名機員，從吉爾吉斯共和國的畢謝克市起飛，目的地是西班牙的札拉哥札市，報導引述土國官員的話說，該機本來要在馬卡鎮降落加油，結果前兩次要降落時，駕駛報告看不見跑道，第三次迫降時，就從雷達銀幕上消失，當時是土耳其時間上午4時45分。土耳其部隊和救難人員已趕赴現場。一名目擊者表示，看到飛機起火燃燒，在飛機殘骸之間看到至少兩具焦屍。【2003/05/26 聯合晚報】

NO:302_48

Luke-Skywalker 　於　2003/05/26 18:07
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://news.yam.com/cna/international/news/200305/200305260199.html 伊拉克戰事結束美軍幾乎每天仍有一人喪生（中央社記者鍾行憲台北二十六日電）華盛頓郵報今天指出，在一般人的心目中，伊拉克戰爭也許已經結束，但是美軍在伊拉克平均每天仍有一人喪生。在三月十九日美軍對伊拉克開戰到布希總統五月一日宣布主要戰事結束期間，美軍共有一百三十九人陣亡，平均每天有三人為國捐軀。郵報表示，美軍繼續遭到傷亡並未對布希政府願意在伊拉克維持駐軍的態度造成任何顯而易見的影響。相反的，自布希總統在美國航空母艦「林肯號」甲板上宣稱贏得戰爭勝利以來，派駐伊拉克的美軍人數已增加一萬五千至將近十六萬人。不希望顯得對喪失生命滿不在乎，五角大廈官員指出，目前在伊拉克的傷亡率與平時訓練期間沒有什麼差異，而美國在伊拉克的任務距離完成之日尚早。國防部長倫斯斐在五月十日保證派遣所需的眾多軍隊穩定伊拉克的情勢，他又說：「認為他們知道美軍會留駐多久的任何人都是在自欺欺人。」美國陸軍發言人魯德說，自五月一日以來，殘餘的炸彈意外爆炸已導致四名美軍喪生，另有兩名美軍遭到敵人槍殺。此外，六名美軍在車禍中喪生，還有三名美軍由於五角大廈所謂的槍支走火死亡。這些事件仍在調查之中，軍方也許會宣稱它們是槍支意外走火、自殺或殺人事件。截至目前最嚴重的美軍繼續傷亡單一事件就是直昇機發生意外。五月九日兩架陸軍醫療直昇機設法拯救一名在爆炸中受傷的伊拉克女孩，在載運女孩的第一架直昇機安全起飛後，第二架救護直昇機絆到底格里斯河上空的電線墜入河中，導致三名機員全部罹難。十天之後，一名美軍陸戰隊士官試圖拯救在巴格達南方大約六十哩處因不明原因墜落的一架運輸直昇機時喪生。

NO:302_49

Luke-Skywalker 　於　2003/05/26 18:12
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://news.yam.com/cna/international/news/200305/200305260242.html 日將要求亞洲鄰國協助管制武器零件進入北韓（中央社記者張芳明東京二十六日專電）日本政府為了防止與核武和飛彈等大量毀滅性武器有關的零組件和技術由日本經由亞洲其他國家進入北韓，將要求中共和東南亞國家強化貿易管制制度，協助阻止其進入北韓以提高對北韓出口加強管制的效果。「每日新聞」今天報導，日本政府基於小泉日相和布希總統二十三日在美國德州召開高峰會談上確認加強對北韓輸出的管制，認為若沒有周邊國家的協助與合作將難以提高效果；因此初步決定將要求中國大陸和東南亞國家能參加國際性的輸出管制架構並引進「CATCHALL管理制度」，針對即使不是出口管制品，只要有可能被轉用為武器的物品，均禁止對北韓輸出。報導指出，目前以歐美為主，共有三十多個國家參加有關大量毀滅性武器的輸出管制架構，亞洲國家只有日本和南韓參加，至於引進「 CATCH ALL 管制制度」的也只有日本、南韓、新加坡和香港。日本政府計畫於今年秋天召開「大量毀滅性武器不擴散政策對話」，邀請亞洲國家出席，共商阻止武器零組件和技術對北韓輸出的對策，同時也將積極推動與亞洲國家的海關及出入國管理當局的情報資訊的交換。報導舉例指出，日本警方於本月摘發一家國內企業企圖將三台可轉用在飛彈發射和提鍊鈾的「直流安定化電源」向北韓輸出的案件，這三台機器由日本先向泰國出貨後被日本海關察覺，日方向經過地的香港聯絡後，香港根據「CATCH ALL制度」而加以扣押，若它們進入未引進這種制度的泰國後就無法加以阻擋。報導同時指出，由於管制出口會阻礙貿易的擴大，亞洲國家的回應態度未必積極，日本計畫以這次摘發的國內案件贏取中國大陸和東南亞國家的理解和合作，以期針對大量毀減性武器擴散問題提高亞洲地區的貿易管制水準。

NO:302_50

Luke-Skywalker 　於　2003/05/27 10:30
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://news.yam.com/cna/international/news/200305/200305270005.html 北韓警告南韓已將朝鮮半島帶到戰爭邊緣（中央社記者劉坤原華盛頓二十六日專電）美國之音自漢城報導，北韓今天透過「祖國和平統一委員會」發表聲明，譴責漢城把朝鮮半島帶到戰爭的邊緣。北韓在聲明中威脅說，如果漢城當局企圖與平壤對抗，將蒙受「難以想像的災難」。北韓上星期也發出了同樣的聲明。當時平壤表示，南韓將因繼續與美國結盟而面臨「無法形容的災難」。一般相信，北韓的強烈反應與南韓總統盧武鉉及日本首相小泉純一郎本月先後在美國宣佈反對北韓發展核武有關。本月初盧武鉉訪問華府時，與布希共同發表聲明，強調他們「不會容忍北韓擁有核子武器」；上週小泉也與布希在德州克勞福農場共同警告北韓，「如果北韓執意發展核子武器，則必須有面對嚴厲國際措施的心理準備」。

NO:302_51

Luke-Skywalker 　於　2003/05/27 10:33
Re:2003 年 5 月國際新聞（其他）
http://news.yam.com/cna/international/news/200305/200305270030.html 法重兵防備維護八大國高峰會順利進行（中央社記者鄒明智巴黎二十六日專電）全球七大工業化國家與俄羅斯將於六月一日在法國阿爾卑斯山麓與瑞士邊界的艾維安舉行高峰會議，法國為保證峰會順利進行，動員大批武裝部隊，且部署戰鬥直昇機及飛彈，以因應恐怖組織可能的攻擊。美、英、法、加、德、日、義及俄羅斯八大國領袖將在六月一日至三日舉行高峰會，會中將討論伊拉克戰後重建，檢討全球反恐怖主義策略，對開發中國家提供援助協助發展，以及如何激發全球經濟的復甦。中共國家主席胡錦濤首次應邀出席會前非正式集會。已知這項高峰會將吸引至少三千五百名記者前來採訪會議情形。法國內政部發表的消息指出，八大國高峰會議期間，法國與瑞士警方將動員二萬名武裝警力，分別部署在艾維安附近各城市，通往瑞士日內瓦、洛桑及法國安妮馬塞及艾維安的交通要道均安置步哨，管制人員車輛往來，並在四十公里範圍內建立安全管制區，防止任何飛行器進入。法國駐在高沙瓦的空軍部隊今天在當地飛行俱樂部試飛無人飛機，飛機上裝備偵察及商用性能攝影機，用以空中監視安全管制區內的任何動態。法國空軍派出幻象二千戰機群，與瑞士出動的F-18戰機協同維護高峰會議期間的高空安全，法國另外派遣戰鬥直昇機部隊負責管制區內低空安全。直昇機上配備機槍及神射手，足以遏止恐怖份子使用飛行傘或飛行翼對高峰會場進行任何破壞行動。此外，法國還在艾維安部署兩組地對空短程響尾蛇飛彈，其射程為十一公里，因應可能來自空中的恐怖攻擊。民間反世界化團體也動員大批來自世界各地的示威群眾，組織示威行動的機構也獲得治安機關的許可，在安妮馬塞附近建立行動總部，並安排估計十萬至五十萬人參加示威的營地。除舉辦五月二十九日至三十一日反高峰會議，建立另一個更公平、更合理世界的活動之外，並協調六月一日在艾維安舉行大規模的反世界化示威活動。法國籌備這項八大國峰會，如臨大敵，主要因為去年在義大利熱那亞舉行的峰會，因反世界化示威行動激情化，造成示威群眾與警察發生衝突，導致一人死亡及多人受傷的慘劇。法國內政部聲稱，武裝警察以維持治安為任務，因應恐怖組織的任何蠢動，對反世界化示威群眾則將儘量避免任何可能衝突事件的發生。

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