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印度將研發預警機
http://www.deepikaglobal.com/search_newsdetail.asp?newscode=21766
India to develop AWACS
New Delhi, Dec 31 (UNI) India plans to develop its own Airborne Warning and Control System (AWACS)
during the tenth plan and speed up its missile development programme in a big way in the new year,
Dr V K Aatre, Scientific Advisor to the Defence minister and DRDO Chairman announced here today.

Addressing a press conference on the eve of the DRDO Day, he said at least two squadrons of the
indigenous Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) would be inducted into the Indian Air Force (IAF) by 2010.
I strongly believe we will have four squadrons of the LCA inducted into the IAF between 2010 and
2015, he added.

Speaking at length about the achievements of the DRDO since its inception on January one, 1958 and
its future programmes, Dr Aatre strongly refuted suggestions that the organisation had turned into
a white elephant as most of its programmes were running behind schedule. We have made strides...
we have achieved a lot but failures also have been there, which must be taken in stride, he added.

He disclosed that Akash, the medium range air defence missile, and Nag, the anti-tank missile,
would be ready for user-trials during the coming year.

（中央社記者黃菁菁東京三日專電）東京新聞報導，日本防衛廳計劃開發可在高空拍攝鄰國軍事設施的滯空型無人間諜機。新年度的研究預算約為二億六千萬日圓（約二百一十七萬美金），這可說是日本首次開發無人間諜機，將引起國內外的關注。

該報導指出，日本計劃開發的無人間諜機其主要功能有，可以連續三十六小時滯留空中，持續偵測他國的軍事設施，並追蹤海上的工作船。離地面二十公里以上的飛行高度讓地對空飛彈也不可及，而且不須侵入他國領空便可在公海上空拍攝到朝鮮半島內部的軍事設施。無人間諜機還可以從地面無線操縱，並將數位畫面或影像傳送回地面。

攝影效果方面，將配備即使在陰天也可以拍攝的光學攝影機、雷達和紅外線探測裝置等。為使其具有似滑翔機的滑翔性能，將配裝寬幅約四十六公尺的機翼，有如波音七六七般的大型機。

中華民國副參謀總長朱凱生上月到華府出席年度美台軍事審查會談期間，與美方敲定，美國將於今春運交AIM一二○C中程空對空飛彈給台灣。F十六戰機用以發射AIM一二○的軟體，也將同時運交。

美國雷神公司已於去年八月開始為台灣生產首批AIM一二○C飛彈。

美國於二○○○年同意出售一百二十枚AIM一二○飛彈給台灣，但規定飛彈先庫存美國，以免將此先進飛彈戰力率先引進亞洲地區。而當時飛彈運交台灣的條件是，如果大陸方面取得俄製AA一二（R七七）型主動雷達誘導空對空毒蛇飛彈，並已經加入戰備，美國才會將AIM一二○飛彈運交給台灣。

而中共的兩架蘇愷卅戰機已於去年六月成功試射AA一二飛彈，AA一二並可配備於蘇愷廿七及殲十等戰機使用。「漢和信息評論」網路軍事期刊報導，這次試射成功率達百分之八十，中方非常滿意，並計畫今年自俄羅斯購入更多AA一二導彈。

Israel is unable to procure engines following an extension of the British governments embargo on
arms sales to Israel, sources inform Globes.

All of Israels recent efforts to convince the British government to cancel the embargo have
failed. The Ministry of Defense has not carried out its threat of sanctions against countries not
allowing Israel to buy essential weapons systems.

Britain is refusing to sell armaments to Israel because of the conflict with the Palestinians. It
justifies its refusal by saying that it does not supply weapons to regions in conflict. The ban on
sales of engines comes on top of a ban on sales of components used in catapult propulsion systems
for Israel Air Force Phantom plane ejection seats. These components are pyrotechnics manufactured
by the Martin Baker Aircraft Company of Britain, the Israel Air Forces sole supplier .

The Ministry of Defense claims that Britain is persisting in its opposition to sales of systems
and spare parts for systems that Israel buys or wishes to buy. The ministry adds that Britain
takes these measures against exports to regions with military conflicts. Although Israel is
searching for alternatives, the search has been unsuccessful, since unique components for special
needs are involved. The Ministry of Defense added that it was holding a long and intensive
dialogue with Britain, up to the most senior levels, in a so-far unsuccessful attempt to persuade
Britain that pyrotechnics for ejection seats are unrelated to Israels operations in the territories.

軍方將領表示，國防部去年已多次召集各軍種和相關單位，針對
愛國者飛彈、反彈道飛彈在內各式防空火力的指揮管制程序進行
研討，並修正「固安作戰計畫」和相關戰備規定，現正重新規範
相關指揮權責劃分，為顯示對防空戰力的重視，參謀本部作戰次
長室也設有「聯合防空小組」研究相關問題精進方案。

相關官員指出，由於全世界只有美軍和我國軍在陸軍設有防空部
隊，而國軍防空部隊的建構也是吸收美軍經驗而設，不過對於防
空作戰指揮權的歸屬問題，長久以來因軍種本位主義在空軍和陸
軍之間始終存在一些爭議，例如，在台海戰役中，空軍應該是協
助陸軍反登陸作戰的空中掩護兵力？抑或陸軍應擔任空軍主戰角
色的防空火力角色等問題，在軍事學術中一直有所討論。

官員指出，目前的權責劃分，是由空軍作戰司令部負責防空作戰
的三軍防空兵力管制，不過台灣本島隸屬陸軍軍團的低空野戰防
空，只有在戰時統一納入聯合防空作戰管制，必要時依令授權作
戰區進行作戰管制，外島地區則由地區最高指揮官負責指揮管制。

不過曾有陸軍官員在軍方內部研究中指出，國軍在空域管理方面
，各項權責及程序仍未訂定完整，飛彈、戰機和陸軍航空的空域
劃分還有待精進。

陸軍官員認為，國軍防空作戰和火力管制長期以來都是由空軍作
戰司令部負責，陸軍從未發揮調兵遣將權責，僅有督導訓練和行
政支援的功能。

目前只有低空域的野戰防空是由軍團指揮，但仍接受空軍作戰中
心管制，而在「制空、制海、地面防衛」各階段卻仍無劃分各級
和各軍的指揮權限，將使空中和地面火力無法聯合發揮效果。

-----------------
國軍飛彈 加裝敵我識別系統
〔記者吳明杰台北報導〕台美軍事交流正朝「協防台灣」的實際
操作層面發展，據指出，國軍目前包括愛國者飛彈在內等多型飛

彈、雷達、戰機和直升機都缺乏先進敵我識別能力，一旦發生戰
事，極可能誤擊美軍協防台灣的航空兵力和周邊民航機或遭美軍
擊落，在美方要求下，國軍正積極在各式飛彈上加裝或換裝新式
自動敵我識別系統。

據了解，儘管美方已售台F-16部份先進敵我識別器，幻象和經國
號戰機也局部加裝這類系統，不過國軍防空飛彈目前僅有天弓、
鷹式和刺針飛彈裝有敵我識別器，包括愛國者飛彈等武器仍缺乏
敵我識別能力，中科院已經加速研製，以利戰時雙方在空防上能
有效協調合作管制空域，並建立所謂的「空中走廊」，如此除能
降低誤擊的可能性外，也能充分發揮防空火力。

由於台美聯合演習已中斷數十年，一旦戰時美軍派遣機、艦進入
台海周邊防禦密度極大的區域時，如何建立安全走廊、通過敵我
識別辨證等細節，已成為美國協防台灣前須先完成的首要之務。
為此，美軍先前特別成立「支援機動輔助小組」陸續協助國軍規
劃各項防空作戰計畫。

國防部高層官員表示，國軍目前委託中科院自行研製先進敵我識
別系統，只需要在飛彈內加裝一小片內含敵我機種識別碼相關參
數的晶片，飛彈在遭遇友軍飛行器時會自動改變飛行方向避免誤
擊國軍自己或友軍盟邦空中兵力，不過美方目前不會提供美軍機
艦參數給台灣，這套系統現主要用於避免誤擊國軍本身機艦和民
航機，一旦發生戰爭只要美軍提供參數輸入晶片就可進行辨識。

研討會由外交部、國防大學等單位舉辦，另邀請美國海軍分析中心資深研究員肯尼斯．艾倫、美國空軍大學空軍戰院戰略科技中心主任羅柏．佩來台。國防部軍備副部長陳肇敏會中強調「制空權」的重要性。

陳肇敏表示，雖然空軍是三軍中最晚發展的軍種，卻已是現代戰爭中主導勝負的關鍵，一九九一年波斯灣戰爭時，以美軍為首的多國聯軍，就是在掌握空優後，給予伊拉克嚴重的打擊，讓地面戰得以在迅速且傷亡少的情況下成功結束，1999年美軍在科索沃的軍事行動，更是全程以空軍達成戰略及政治目的。

陳肇敏今天在「台灣國防安全與空權研討會」致詞時指出，空權是台灣國防安全的指標，因此維持台海空優至關重要，在中國大陸不斷強化其空軍及飛彈對台威脅的同時，如何增強國軍空防的軟硬體，避免兩岸軍事平衡朝對岸傾斜，是當前重要國防課題。

（中央社記者郭傳信安卡拉九日專電）土耳其空軍兩架Ｆ四型雙座偵察用戰機今天上午十時三十分（台北時間下午四時三十分）左右，在首都安卡拉東南方約六百七十公里的馬拉迪亞地區進行飛行訓練時相撞，目擊者見到飛行員跳傘逃生，但降落山區，生死不明。

昨天晚間，土耳其航空公司一架ＲＪ─１００型國內航線客機，降落東南大鎮迪亞巴克機場時因濃霧視線不明墜毀，機身摔成三截並起火燃燒，機上乘客及機員七十五人喪生，五人受傷。

(中央社記者韓乃國倫敦八日專電)英國國防部今天透露，十四架英國皇家空軍的各式戰機，將於本月稍後飛往波斯灣，和約旦空軍舉行一項長達十二天的年度例行軍事演習。

雖然這項早已計畫好的演習和英國對伊拉克的戰備沒有直接關連，但是這些相當於一個空軍戰機中隊的軍力被派往與伊拉克相鄰的約旦，實際上仍然代表英國在波斯灣兵力的繼續集結。

英國國防大臣胡恩昨天曾宣佈召集第一批一千五百名後輩人員，對伊拉克進行戰備。他並證實，十六艘英國皇家海軍各式軍艦於未來數週分批駛往波斯灣。「皇家方舟號」航空母艦將率領一個艦隊於本週末出發，前往亞太地區進行操演。艦隊上將載有三千名皇家海軍陸戰隊。

目前英國已有十四架「狂風」戰鬥機與四架「美洲虎」分別派駐於科威特，沙烏地阿拉伯以及土耳其，用來執行伊拉克北部禁航區的空中巡邏任務。

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　記者陳東龍╱專題報導

「雷虎小組」是我國唯一的特技飛行隊，由於特技飛行是游走於刀口邊緣的技術，因此有必要為讀者解說基本特技飛行的流程與關鍵技巧。

我國空軍特技飛行小組，在1988年6月以前，都是由駐防台南第1飛行大隊的戰機做任務的編組，長久以來均是以「雷虎小組」做為代號，擁有相當的成就，其飛行技術也非常精練，曾參與多次國際飛行特技觀摩。

但基於戰備任務的考量，空軍將這個特技飛行小組的編制納入空軍官校的教官組之內，以國人自製的AT-3攻擊教練機做為表演機種。由於AT-3的低空操控特性相當優異，因此在做低空特技表演時，比起過去所使用的F-5E戰機更為得心應手，可以比過去用更低的速度、更低的高度與更緊密的編隊隊形做表演。

飛行特技要求的不外乎是「編隊緊密」、「高低速交叉」、「隊形變換靈活」、「操作順暢且易於觀眾觀賞」等。

為了要達到這些目的，擔任表演的機隊勢必要飛的低，也要飛得慢，更要飛的緊密，讓地面上的觀眾幾乎是看到機隊裡的飛機是「機翼疊機翼」。

就飛行領隊而言，如何保持速度、高度及航向，讓每一次的「PASS」都可以在最適合觀眾的視野中出現。要飛的「精」，更要飛的「準」。

飛行領隊最重要的，就是要保持一個既定的航線，同時也不可以出現激烈的操作，因為領隊機只要上下跳動1呎，身邊的2號及3號僚機可能就要做10呎的修正，而最靠外側的4號及5號僚機極可能就要上下跳動50呎了。

同時，領隊也要隨時做風偏修正，因為飛機在做立體動作時，如果面對大側風，一般來說，每一個飛行員都是伸長的右手大姆指一直在修正調整片開關，而左手也隨時在前後移動節流閥（油門），就怕沒編好隊。

「雷虎小組」的失事率算是相當低的，1966年一架F-5A戰機在台北中興橋擔任國慶日表演時，因為飛得實在太低，結果撞上高壓線，導致戰機一頭栽進沙洲上，飛行員當場殉職。最近的一次是在4年前，少校飛行官徐海華在進行低空滾轉時，因「空間迷向」而造成飛機撞地。機種正是目前使用的AT-3攻擊教練機。

徐海華是擔任空軍特技小組的演練時，進行「單機低空4點滾」時，在飛機進入第5次滾轉時，因機頭過低而當場撞毀在接近跑道頭的外場邊。飛行員由於高度過低，而且飛機又是處於滾轉的狀況，對彈射跳傘的角度相當不利，因此飛行員根本就沒有機會逃生。

根據統計，造成失事的原因相當多，但就以這次低空滾轉課目來分析，「空間迷向」極可能是造成不幸的主因。所謂「空間迷向」是由於飛機在三度空間進行運動時，加上了飛機速度的隨時變化，因此這種四度向量的交雜影響，將會使飛行員面臨失去對環境的判斷能力。據研判，徐海華在進入第5次滾轉時，極可能就是陷入了生理上的「空間迷向」的狀況。

事實上，發生於民國79年空軍專機隊的一架「畢琪1900」行政機，就是因為在雲林上空碰上了不穩定氣流，造成了正、副駕駛均產生「空間迷向」，再加上飛行員過於信任自己的「感覺」，反而對儀錶所顯示的正確資訊刻意忽略，當飛行員發現飛機的飛行狀態已進入旋衝時，已改正不及。最後造成機上13位國軍中、少將軍官的死亡。

除了「空間迷向」所造成的操控錯覺之外，另一項也會攸關飛行狀態的，就是飛行員的飛行習慣。

以低空連續滾轉的所謂「低空四點滾」為例，由於AT-3的飛行特性使然，在做滾轉（即飛行術語的「副翼滾」）時，多數的飛行員會以「順舵」的操控方式，以使飛機在進行滾轉動作時能更順暢。

但問題是，使用「順舵」進行滾轉將會讓飛機的飛行路徑出現高度變化，這對於已經在低空進行滾轉的飛機而言，是一件相當危險的操作方式，絕大多數擔任低空特技飛行的飛行員都不會在超低空做出「順舵」的滾轉操作。

至於失事身亡的徐海華少校，是否會出現這種技術失誤，由於徐海華本身已是經驗豐富的特技飛行員，因此這項因素所佔的失事比率極低。

此外，為增強飛行特技表演的震憾效果，擔任特技表演的飛機都是以「和觀眾的眼睛一樣高」的理想標準，做為超低空進行特技演出的高度。而且目前世界各國的特技飛行小組多是採取6架飛機的編制，其中4架是以密集編隊的方式做高度與隊形變換。另外的2架，則是以單機的飛行方式，做為低空高速與低速飛行表演的「串場」，彌補4機編隊在進場與離場間的表演空隙，讓觀眾的目光內持續出現飛機進場表演。

飛機失事是一件相當嚴重的事故，尤其是軍用飛機。我國空軍飛行員的素質與涵養一直是為國人所稱道的，每一次的意外事故，就折損了一位前程似錦的優秀飛官，這是一件極為令人難過的事，但就空軍飛行圈來說，多少年來，又有多少聰明聆俐的飛行軍官，在他們年輕的歲月時卻選擇血灑長空來證明其生命，就算他個人已經是抱定了隨時犧牲的決心，但親人家屬卻必需永久默默承受這種苦痛。

尤其是，由於飛機多是以高速狀態墜落，在劇烈的撞擊下，失事飛行員絕大多數是無法拼湊成一具完整的身體，這對親人而言，最是一件相當無法掩藏的悲傷。

𨧻n the near future, the Su-35 will join the inventory at our world renowned aviation and flying
center at the Kubinka air base, A. Zelin declared.

He reported that air force development prospects provide for the adoption into the inventory of
new aviation complexes of the Su-35 type.

孏he Su-35 possesses huge combat capabilities and occupies an intermediary position between
airplanes of the fourth and fifth generation, the agency source declared.

For the time being the given type of airplanes has not found widespread use in the air force
because of limited state resources, he said.

孏he adoption of the Su-35 into the inventory will allow the resolution of tasks by smaller forces
against anti-aircraft defense and the opening of wide capabilities for their use against ground
with both guided and unguided munitions,� the deputy CinC reported.

According to him, this will allow effectively resolving the tasks of achieving air superiority
beyond visual range and in dogfights ((V VOZDUSHNYKH DAL𩦝IKH I BLIZHNIKH VYSOKOMANEVRENNYKH BOYAKH)).

孏he dogfight is a fundamental calling of a fighter of the present and the future,� A. Zelin declared.

The practice and experience of local wars shows that the dogfight has a many phases and stages and
always, as a rule, the fights transition into a phase of highly maneuverable fights, the agency
source explained. 𨧻n my view, these trends will be maintained also in the future. The ultra high
maneuverability of an airplane which vividly becomes apparent, for example, during the execution of
Pugachev𠏋 cobra,� allows extending the capabilities of the use of on-board weapons and realizing
the break off of an enemy fighter𠏋 attack, and to exit the damage envelop of his weapons,� A. Zelin said.

The multirole Su-35 fighter is a further development of the design thought in the Su-27 family of
fighters. The most modern aerodynamics, a new control system, improved radar ((RLS)) capabilities,
and the ability to operate against ground targets are its characteristics. The Su-35, equipped with
a new on-board RLS with an active phased array, is capable of detecting and tracking up to 20
targets and firing at 8 of them.

空軍四二七聯隊慶祝成軍五十週年活動，上午首先由李總司令
頒獎表揚獲得戰績敘勳暨忠勤勳章人員，揭開活動序幕；接著
，李上將由空軍總部政戰主任劉創黎中將、四二七聯隊長吳健
行少將陪同，檢閱在停機坪上，由聯隊官士兵及十八架經國號
戰機、各式彈藥裝備所組成的壯盛軍容。

隨後，李上將在致詞時，特別轉達湯部長關懷官兵的心意，他
並指出，多年來，我國空防在官兵們戮力戰備、堅實戰力的優
異成效下，敵人不敢輕越雷池一步，確保了國家的安全。

李上將並勗勉全體官兵，值此紀念及慶祝聯隊建半軍世紀的時
刻，我們除了緬懷先烈先賢英勇衛國、奮鬥犧牲的光榮史蹟外
，更應惕勵自己，不斷提昇空軍空防戰力，落實飛安、地安、
人安，嚴肅軍紀，傳承與發揚空軍優良軍風，成為戰力強、紀
律嚴明的優質勁旅，有效捍衛台海領空安全，不負國人殷切的
託付。

另外，今天基地也舉辦了懇親園遊會，同時邀請國防部後備司
令部白雪藝工隊與官兵同樂，晚間並有玫瑰暨懷舊餐會，氣氛
溫馨感人。
------------------------

空軍四０一聯隊將舉辦五十週年隊慶活動
2003/1/11
（軍聞社記者李紀岡花蓮十一日電）花蓮空軍四０一聯隊，為
了慶祝五十週年隊慶，十四日及十五日兩天，將在營區分別舉
行隊慶餐會、懇親會、授勳典禮、官兵眷屬同樂會以及音樂晚
會等系列慶祝活動，歡度該聯隊五十歲生日。

花蓮空軍四０一聯隊指出，十四日下午一時卅分至五時，該聯
隊所屬各中隊，將先行舉行隊慶活動，晚間六時則由聯隊舉行
隊慶餐會。

約旦空軍最終希望擁有七十架Ｆ十六戰機，目前擁有的十六架，是於一九九七年在美國軍援計劃下免費取得，以取代約旦老舊的Ｆ五型及幻象Ｆ一型戰機。

DEFENSE DAILY INTERNATIONAL
January 10, 2003
Vol. 3, No. 2
Lockheed Martin Credits Offset Package, Loan For F-16 Win in Poland
By Neil Baumgardner

Lockheed Martins [LMT] $8 billion offset package and the U.S. governments $3.8 billion Foreign
Military Financing (FMF) loan were critical factors in Polands selection last week of the
companys F-16 fighter for a $3.5 billion order, according to a Lockheed Martin official.

A lot of the focus was on offsets, George Standridge, Lockheed Martins F-16 campaign director
in Poland, last week told sister publication Defense Daily during a telephone interview. We
wanted to provide high-quality offset projects for the long term, based on a good business plan.
Poland plans to buy 48 F-16C/D Block 52 fighters equipped with Pratt & Whitney [UTX] F100-PW-229
engines and Northrop Grumman [NOC] APG-68(V)9 radars to replace the countrys aging Soviet-era
MiG-21 fighters. The F-16 was selected over the JAS-39 Gripen by Swedens Saab and Britains BAE
SYSTEMS [BA.L] and the Mirage 2000-5 Mk II by Frances Dassault Aviation [AVMD.PA].

In particular, Standridge singled out offsets planned for Pratt & Whitneys PZL Rzeszow facility,
which will be responsible for producing F100 engines in Poland, Goodrichs [GR] plant in Krosno,
which will produce F-16 landing gears, and PZL Mielec, which will provide various F-16 parts.
Those facilities will now also be qualified to serve as F-16 suppliers for other orders, he said.

In November, Lockheed Martin and Northrop Grumman signed an agreement, potentially worth $200
million, with PZL Mielec, which is Polands major aircraft manufacturer (Defense Daily
International, Nov. 15). Lockheed Martin has also signed industrial memorandums of understanding
with Polish helicopter manufacturer PZL Swidnik, the WZL-2 military works facility, Radwar, and
the Institute of Aviation (Defense Daily, Sept. 16).

Standridge also credited the FMF loan for helping the F-16 win in Poland.
Certainly, that was one of the critical factors, he said. The FMF loan allows for Poland to
make interest-only payments through 2010, with interest and principal payments between 2011 and
2015. The loan package was approved in October (Defense Daily International, Oct. 18).

Such generous loans were not offered for competitions last year in the Czech Republic or Hungary,
which chose the Gripen instead. In particular, Saab and BAE credited their finance package, which
spread payments for over a 15-year period, for their victory in the Czech Republic (Defense Daily,
April 23). The win in Poland could strengthen Lockheed Martins hand in the Czech Republic, which
last month cancelled its $1.8 billion contract to acquire 24 Gripen fighters and is expected to
launch a new fighter competition next month.

SYRACUSE, NY --- Lockheed Martin has signed a contract with the Swiss Defence Procurement Agency to
provide 24 Portable Search and Target Acquisition Radars (PSTAR). They will be used for short-range
air defense throughout Switzerland.

Typically, PSTAR interfaces with a weapons system such as a Stinger anti-aircraft missile.
Currently, our Stinger fire unit is coordinated by human observers who are dependent on daylight
and high visibility, said Kurt Kohler, the Defence Procurement Agency program manager. PSTAR
meets our requirements for working well under any visibility and it will replace our human
observers to keep Stinger alerted 24 hours a day.

The PSTARs, which will be delivered from July 2004 to December 2004, are the first of a next
generation radar system called PSTAR-Extended Range (PSTAR-ER). Its range is expanded from 20 km
to more than 30 km while still fitting into the same small package, said Paul Garvey, Lockheed
Martin program manager, plus our customer will have enhanced display, and command and control
capability.

A PSTAR and its associated transit cases fit into the back of a standard military vehicle such as
an M-998-series High Mobility Multiwheeled Vehicle (HUMMV) and can be set up in 15 minutes or less
by two people. Switzerland will deploy its PSTARS on customized trailers containing a mast, which
will allow the radar antenna to be elevated above its normal height.

PSTARs, which are made at Lockheed Martins facility in Syracuse, N.Y., are currently deployed in
five countries.

A leader in the design, development and integration of radar systems, vessel traffic and port
safety, simulation and training systems and other complex electronic systems, Lockheed Martin Naval
Electronics & Surveillance Systems (NE&SS;) - Radar Systems serves a wide range of customers. These
include all branches of the U.S. armed services, including the Coast Guard, as well as other
agencies within the U.S. Departments of Commerce, Transportation and State, and defense and
transportation departments of countries on six continents.

http://www.avia.ru/
***Cash shortage grounds Russian pilots
經費短少導致俄國飛行員飛行時數大幅減少
[13 Jan 2003] Russian air force pilots are losing their skills because the militarys cash
shortage has left them with just a fraction of the required flight training, a news agency
reported Monday.

The air force leaders are long-range bomber pilots, some of whom log between 50 and 70 flight
hours a year, while most fighter pilots spend just 10 to 20 hours in the air, the Interfax-
Military News Agency reported, quoting an unidentified Defense Ministry official.

Pilots of U.S. and other western air forces must have a minimum of some 200 flight hours a
year to be considered ready for action, the official said.

In another sign of the Russian air forces decline, less than 60 percent of its aircraft
fleet is fit to fly, the agency reported. /Business Day/

***Federal aircraft strike rebel base
聯邦戰機打擊叛軍基地
[13 Jan 2003] Federal warplanes destroyed a rebel base in the past 24 hours, the headquarters
of the Combined Federal Forces in the North Caucasus reported on Saturday. On Friday, Su-25
jets conducted four sorties and Su-24s conducted two, the headquarters reported. Moreover,
Mi-8 helicopters flew three times and identified 14 targets in the mountains.

Furthermore, Mi-24 helicopters accompanied five federal troop convoys and troops carrying
humanitarian aid. Mi-8 helicopters airlifted around 120 soldiers and civilians and four tonnes
of cargo. Some 60 border guards, two tonnes of cargo and about 50 trained dogs reached their
destination.

Cargo aircraft moved more than 250 people and five tonnes of cargo between Mozdok and other
cities.

台綜院戰略及國防研究所副所長楊志恆指出，儘管台灣空軍已
完成二代兵力換裝，但中國大陸近年靠著引進新戰機、部署大
量彈道及巡弋飛彈的方式，已逐漸動搖長久以來為台灣所掌握
的台海空優；此外，長期受限政治環境與傳統戰爭觀念，使得
台灣一直沒有認真考慮並規劃「攻勢防衛」的概念，這將使台
灣在未來多變的防禦作戰中失去先機。

楊志恆認為，以「誰開第一槍」來界定誰是侵略者的觀念已不
合時宜，台灣若要有效防衛領空，只有建立實質的攻勢能力才
能達到目標，在心理上須去除台海中線的障礙，作戰方針中也
應研擬主動打擊對台威脅最大的軍事目標，下一代兵力就可朝
這個路線規劃。

他並提出台灣應重視從樹梢高度、空中、太空，以及無人飛行
載具為一體連動的「複合式空權」理念。

中興大學國際政治研究所助理教授蔡明彥指出，台灣空軍機場
普遍存在航電設施與支援系統未受掩體保護、過度依賴固定式
雷達與露天式指管設施等弱點，在面對對岸飛彈及戰機第一波
打擊下，勢必遭受重創；此外，台灣在主、被動防禦上仍有許
多改進的空間。

在主動防禦上，蔡明彥認為，台灣應展開長期投資，以引進能
力更強的飛彈防禦系統，包括長程預警雷達及包括愛國者三型
防空飛彈等系統，或嘗試將自製的「長白雷達」裝在紀德艦上
，然後整合相關的防衛體系；在被動防禦上，台灣應由強化掩
體、增強戰術預警與戰機移防、強化受攻擊後的復原能力開始
著手。

美國退役空軍少將麥克菲登 (Eric A.McVaden)則表示，台灣理想
的空防，應是整合防空體系，包括有效整合不同部署單位、達
成三軍有效聯合作戰水準、避免單位間相互干擾等，甚至考慮
與美國海基或其他軍事單位進行整合協調。
-------

http://tw.news.yahoo.com/2003/01/09/polity/cna/3749856.html
2003年01月09日
艾德蒙：空權是台灣安全重心可嚇阻共軍進犯
(中央社記者羅廣仁台北九日電)英國蘭開斯特大學國防與國際
安全研究中心主任艾德蒙博士(Martin Edmonds)今天在「台灣國
家安全與空權發展」學術研討會中發表論文指出，「空權」是
台灣安全的重心，唯有中華民國空軍以武力掌握台灣及台灣海
峽空域的空權，才能有效地嚇阻中國人民解放軍的進犯。

國防政策與戰略研究協會今天在淡江大學台北校園中正堂舉辦
「台灣國家安全與空權發展」的研討會。艾德蒙在研討會中指
出，失去空中指揮或空優，將使中國當局受到鼓舞，證據顯示
台灣政府包括台灣軍隊對這項事實是敏感的。

他說，台灣也已經認識到「空權」不僅僅是空射飛彈、無人飛
機和其他武器而已；它也須依賴本土科技製造和工業基地，以
用來支援空中武器的效能。儘管這項基礎還比不上其他國家尤
其是美國，台灣仍然有很大的貢獻並證明有能力去研發和製造
先進戰鬥機，如IDF經國號戰機；飛彈方面，如天劍二型空對空
飛彈、雄風二型反艦飛彈、天弓一、二型地對空飛彈；在指管
和早期空中預警系統方面，如強網等。

艾德蒙認為，未來台灣在對抗中國潛在的兩棲攻擊在「空權」
所需先制攻擊能力，還包括電子作戰、資訊作戰和精密導向炸
彈，這樣才能先發制人。

艾德蒙並指出，台灣「空權」的致命弱點在對於人民解放軍飛
彈攻擊及伴隨而至的飛機空中攻擊的脆弱防衛，台灣對此種威
脅提出主動防衛仍只是理想，必要的關鍵科技仍未獲得。中華
民國空軍和政府正提出這樣的需求。

他認為，台灣的空中武力仍在防衛避免受人民解放軍空中攻擊
、特種部隊滲透及人民解放軍以電子和資訊作戰攻擊。而在實
體上，台灣的十八個空軍基地必須要有保護飛機和包括跑道的
基地設施，以避免空中轟炸的破壞。

另外，台灣在指管中心和反空飛彈基地應該更堅固或是可以機
動，以避免攻擊，而所有證據顯示這一切台灣有些正在做，有
些已經完成。在其他緊急措施部分，台灣也在盡力要趕上瑞典
，因為瑞典的空防系統和後勤可以協助飛機在發生緊急事件時
，於民用的高速公路和堅固的道路上起降作戰。

艾德蒙說，台灣「空權」另一個致命的弱點是缺乏運用的動機
和技術人力。這是一個敏感的問題，台灣傳統上實施徵兵制，
儘管這能充分運用人力，但不見得能為軍隊提供適切的人力，
或有足夠的運用時間。

他建議，假如中華民國空軍期望能夠去訓練、雇用並把人留在
軍隊，那就需要為他的部隊設定一個開明的人事政策，當軍隊
與民間的待遇拉大以及軍隊服役年限縮短的情形下，未來必須
更加重視人事運用。

艾德蒙在總結時指出，「空權」將繼續在台灣的年度國防預算
上佔有主要的需求，它必須被預期增加而不是減少的。假如台
灣希望能夠嚇阻中國大陸，這筆錢必須拿出來，這不僅僅是增
加國防預算的問題。

他說，台灣在國防預算上對陸海空三個軍種做不同的分配或許
是一個好的開始，因為沒有空中的掩護和支援，台灣的陸軍和
海軍都無法安全和有效地作戰。艾德蒙強調，追求軍種利益超
過國防利益的機會成本必須付出很大的代價，同樣地在一個聯
合作戰的時代，三個軍種空中武力越能整合作戰，台灣的防衛
能力將越強化。
---------

http://tw.news.yahoo.com/2003/01/09/polity/cna/3749897.html
成三軍有效聯合作戰水準、避免單位間相互干擾等，甚至考慮

2003年01月09日
規劃新世代空防戰略 應秉持量力而為原則
(中央社記者陳亦偉台北九日電)來自台美英日等國的戰略學者
今天就台灣國防安全與空權進行研討，與會學者有人建議台灣
空軍應採攻勢防禦，有的學者建議台灣加入美國的新戰機及新
武器的研發，深化與國際間關係，其中有些的確值得我方參考
，但有的則需三思後行，而根本原則仍在於「量力而為」，並
以台海穩定為優先。

由中華民國國防政策與戰略研究學會與淡江大學所舉辦的國防
學術研討會，今年是第三屆，延續過去兩年分別談論國防願景
與海權，這次主題定在空權，探討台灣空防及反飛彈的作為，
參與討論的除學者外，也有台美日退役將領及卸任官員，至於
台下聆聽者則有軍方現役軍官、學生，以及美方製造軍用雷達
的雷神公司人員與會。

在戰略方面，多數與會學者指出台灣應正視中共軍備快速發展
，造成兩岸軍力出現失衡現象，並認為台灣應調整為理性、文
人領導的國防體系、提高國軍應變效能、除去軍中不合理文化
，才能有效遏阻及抵抗外來侵略。

此外，多位中外學者都認為台灣應慎重考慮「攻勢防禦」的概
念，去除「先動手的人是侵略者」迷思，積極研究先制打擊的
方針，並強化主動、被動防禦，都是台灣空防應思考的課題；
也有學者直言台灣應加入美國軍火工業的研發，以深化台美軍
事合作，並為未來取得新裝備鋪路。

就提高國軍效能、發展文人領軍及去除軍中不合理文化等來看
，這些都是國軍精實案的重點目標，也是民主國家的國防事務
共識；強化主、被動防禦，則是長久以來台灣努力的目標，這
些包括建構飛彈偵測、預警、攔截機制、重要設施的防護力、
受攻擊後的復原能力以及全民國防觀念。

但是否根本性的將空軍戰略指導調整為「攻勢防禦」，在敵人
有意圖時先發制人，則不能單憑主客觀的軍事條件予以衡量，
兩岸關係的微妙錯綜、國際情勢的順息萬變，在在對兩岸軍情
產生重大連動，就連國內學者都不諱言，即便美國承諾出兵保
台，我們的戰略都不能心存「以撐待變」的心態，仍應以「兩
岸不武」為最高原則。

至於有美國學者提出，台灣應加入美國的新戰機研究、購買短
程地對地飛彈、全面加入美國的飛彈防禦系統，甚至鼓勵台灣
投資微波武器、機載雷射及電磁軌道砲等有可能是「錢坑無底
洞」的提議，則不妨聽聽就好，畢竟「美國利益」絕不等同於
台灣安全。

費雪 (Richard D.Fisher)是與前美國副助理國防部長布魯克斯、
退役少將麥克菲登等人一起參加在淡江大學進行的「台灣國
防安全與空權發展研討會」時，做上述表示。

費雪指出，中國解放軍正迅速取得宰制台海領空需要的各種
軟硬體設備，主要目標在迫使中華民國在美國軍事介入前就
接受中國的政治條件，除了外界已知的新戰機與導彈外，在
去年的珠海航展上，中國也展示了第一顆雷達衛星，可以偵
測並繪製出精密的台灣圖片，此外，中國也正積極研發具匿
蹤功能的第五代戰鬥機。

儘管台灣才剛完成新一代戰機的換裝，不過，費雪表示，在
中國不斷增加軍備下，台灣空軍不得不正視自身已有被對岸
超越的趨勢，在不久的未來，即使中共現代化戰機的數量沒
有超過台灣，但台灣空軍仍將不足以應付中國以戰機加上飛
彈的空中攻擊。

他還說，台灣的軍文職決策者必須設想，如何在未來十年內
繼續保持台灣的空優，除了調整戰略規劃外，強化資訊戰力
與提升戰鬥航空器也必須儘早因應。

費雪認為，台灣應考慮加入F-35聯合攻擊戰機的計畫，因為
此型機不但符合未來台海戰場需要 (多功能，且能短場起降)，
也能加深未來與美國軍事合作的可能性。

（記者洪哲政∮台北報導）根據美國眾議員薛佛(BobSchaffer)去年底
在美國國會一份公開報告中顯示，在去年我漢光十八號演習的兵棋推
演中，台灣在遭受中國發動「第一擊」時，我空軍７５％戰機都在放
列的機堡中遭到摧毀，重創我主戰兵力。據指出，讓台灣遭到重創的
是中國東南沿海陣地的東風十五機動型地對地導彈所發動的攻擊。

這份美國國會報告屬於公開性質，內容顯示漢光十八號演習兵推驗證
從去年八月十七日開始，十八日就有美軍進入衡山指揮所參與。這份
報告不久前經外交部即時掌握，並立即電傳報回國內。

薛佛指稱，中國發起「第一擊」後，由於台灣缺乏有效率的衛星即時
預警資訊、反彈道飛彈數量不足，西岸的機場、港口遂首當其衝。在
機堡抗炸能力不足狀況下，我方戰機在未及滑出跑道進行轉場下，７
５％的主力戰機便在機堡中遭到摧毀。

（記者洪哲政∮台北報導）國防部推動空軍後勤第二指揮部國有
民營（ＧＯＣＯ）案，在經濟部主導下，美商洛克希德馬丁公司
強力介入，要求外資持股必須獨佔四十五％上限。由於政策決定
已到臨界點，軍方已正式對此表達疑慮，本土航太業漢翔、長榮
公司也強力反彈，認為此舉將扼殺國內廠家生機，雙方日前協商
破裂，航太業「土洋大戰」一觸即發。

空軍後勤第二指揮部刻正推動實施國有民營，未來不但將統包所
有「軍機商維」業務（空軍幻象二千戰機除外），未來美製新一
代機F－16戰機、E－2T預警機等機種也將在九十五年度「全機委
商」。以三軍現有軍用航空器機隊規模而言，商機龐大得驚人。

據指出，由於經濟部與洛克希德馬丁達成默契，待洛馬以外資最
高持股比例介入ＧＯＣＯ案後，洛馬得在台設亞太維修中心。經
濟部著眼於該公司亞洲的通路，未來台灣將可吸納其他各國該公
司所代理戰機、民航機維修業務，提升國內航太業視野。

由於洛馬言明必須獨佔四十五％股份，再由國內廠家平均持分其
餘五十五％股份，引發本土廠家反彈，多次協商均告破裂。據熟
悉內情人士指稱，由於經濟部對洛馬的提議採取「樂觀其成」態
度，令本土廠商感到挫敗。

http://www.hindustantimes.com/news/181_140479,0005.htm
India, Russia sign landmark defence deal
印度跟俄國簽下歷史性國防交易
Press Trust of India
Moscow, January 17
India and Russia on Friday agreed to jointly develop next generation fighter jets and set up
defence projects under a landmark protocol signed by the two countries but appeared to have made
no progress on the sale of aircraft carrier Admiral Gorshkov to New Delhi.

The protocol, a landmark document in our relations, covers all the areas of our defence ties,
Defence Minister George Fernandes said after an hour-long meeting with his Russian counterpart
Sergei Ivanov here. The protocol, signed after the two-day meeting of Indo-Russian Inter-
governmental Commission (IRIGC) on Military-Technical Cooperation, provides for joint development
of a fifth generation fighter for the Air Forces of the two countries, he told reporters.

Islamabad Pakistan Observer in English 11 Jan 03 pp 1, 11
Report by Aroosa Alam: PAF faces uphill task to match IAF
因應印度空軍擴展，巴基斯坦面臨困難的任務
Even after coming out victorious from the recent military escalation with India, Pakistan Air Force
is faced with an uphill task as to how to deal with Indian Air Forces mad shopping spree which has
put the otherwise invincible PAF into a less advantageous position in air superiority vis-a-vis its
adversary.

With the successive political governments dragging their feet on the acquisition of a front line
attack fighter, PAF, five years down the line, will be pitched against a very strong IAF which is
all set to induct 40 Russian SU-30MKI plus additional 140 aircraft through transfer of technology,
AA-12 Adder (BVRs ) Beyond Visual Range missiles, and Tunguska low altitude air defence system. The
PAF will not only be outnumbered and outgunned by the IAF during next few years, its capability to
strike India with missiles will also be reduced to almost zero due to Indian acquisition of Israeli
Arrow ATBM technology and Phalcon airbrone early warning aircraft(AEW). India has already developed
Akash anti-aircraft unit with its Rajendra phased array radar that can track up to 64 targets at a
range of 50 kilometers.

Defence experts in Pakistan believe that in few years, the IAF will be equipped with these fully
operational systems while the PAF will still be groping in dark about its most immediate needs that
should very logically include some BVR missiles for the existing fleet, at least two squadrons of
state-of-the-art fighter jets and last but not the least, an effective Early Warning Radar system.
According to defence experts these are the bare minimums for PAF to meet any eventuality in the
existing security conditions in South Asia particularly in the face of threats being hurled by the
ever-belligerent BJP government [Bharatiya Janata Party government] of India.

Although senior officials of PAF opt to remain tight-lipped when-ever confronted with the crucial
question of fast eroding assets and capabilities of the force, some, off the record, do admit the
growing vulnerability of the force due to Indian Airforce modernisation and fresh induction
programmes and PAFs inability to acquire some direly needed equipments While no Air Force in the
world can match the high morales and motivation of PAFs pilots and leaders, the force is gradually
coming under pressure due to lack of modern war machines. They admit very candidly.

Leaving aside the parity of air power between the two Air Forces in next five years, the existing
comparison of the two also does not present a very impressive position of PAF versus IAF. While PAF
has only 62 first line fighters which include 32 F-16s and 30 MIR ROSE 1, IAF has 133 front line
fighters which include 43 Mirage 2000, 72 MiG-29, and 18 SU-30s. Coming to the second line air
defence, the PAF has 84 which include Mirage III and Vs while IAF has a huge fleet to form the
second line of defence.

It has total of 520 fighters, which include 99 Jaguar, 129 MiG-27, 97 MiG-23BN, and 195 MiG-21BIS.
And the third line of defence gives a very dismal picture of PAF both in quantity and quality with
only 180 aircraft as compared to IAFs 283, PAFs third line of defence comprises 107 F-7Ps, 40
F-7PGs and 33 A-5111 while IAF has 27 MiG-23MFs, 99 MiG-21M, 131 MiG-21FL, 20 Canberra and 6
MiG-25Rs to form its third line of defence.

Besides having new missile and weapon systems to compliment its ever growing air fleet, the IAF is
already equipped with air to air missiles AA-2 Atoll, AA-7 Apex, AA8 Aphid, AA-10 Alamo, AA-II
Archer, and Matra Magic and Super 530D. Eight of IAF Jaguars are fitted with Agave radars and Sea
Eagle antiship missiles. IAF in future will also have some indigenously produced missiles that may
also carry nuclear warheads.

Indias acquisition of a sophisticated air defence system with antimissile capabilities could erode
Pakistans confidence in both of its main delivery systems, the Ghauri and Shaheen missiles and
F-16 aircraft to such a degree that it would no longer believe its nuclear capability provided a
credible deterrence against India. This is beyond any argument that in any future war, air power
will determine the outcome of the conflict between the two nuclear rivals.

This glaring reality should be enough to give sleepless nights to the security planners and eye
opener for the decision makers who no doubt have set their priorities fatally wrong when it comes
to the defence of Pakistan.

A number of background interviews conducted by *Pakistan Observer* with senior defence officials
revealed that even after the realisation of the urgency of the matter, serious efforts are afoot by
the government to equip PAF with its bare minimums that have been mentioned above. If compared with
IAF, where does the PAF stands? The SU-30 which is already in the inventory of IAFs inventory with
additional 40+140 to come, carries 12 missiles and can fly upto five hours. In contrast Pakistans
F-16s can carry only two missiles and maximum endurance time is three hours. This means that IAFs
one SU-30 is equal to 6 PAF aircraft in terms of weapon load. This further reduces the parity
between the two Air Forces, which are one to three in numbers.

The PAF, according to officials, is heavily relying on Pak-China joint venture Super-7 whose five
prototypes will be flying very soon but it will be very naive on the part of security planners to
deem this aircraft as front line fighter. Moreover it will take at least 5 to 7 years for the PAF
to induct fully operational fleets of Super-7 as the fighter is still without radars, avionics and
weapon systems. These systems are still being negotiated with some western countries but are not
available due to sanctions on China. Most probably the PAF will receive these fighters without
these systems which will be then integrated by Pakistan who is free to obtain them from western markets.

But the threat is not only immediate but ever growing and the PAF needs to move very fast. According
to normal procurement procedures, even if the PAF takes a final decision about the induction of
fighter jet, BVRs and air defence systems, it will still take five years for the force to receive
these equipments.

Sources told Pakistan Observer that French Mirage 2000-5 still remains the best option for PAF as
the force has conducted several evaluation exercises including many test flights of the fighter but
the deal has fell victim to political controversies on both sides. While the manufacturer of Mirage
2000-5 is ready to sell these fighters to Pakistan, a political clearance is still awaited from the
French government. Similarly a political decision is also due in this regard from the Pakistani
side. Sources disclosed that a high level French team to discuss Mirage 2000-5 sale is due in few
weeks.

Governmental sources do admit the urgency of the matter but refuse to divulge the impediments in
the way of giving the biting teeth to its Air Force. Money seems to be not the problem as Pakistans
foreign exchange reserves have improved considerably. Moreover, during the past one decade the PAF
has hardly spent money from the allocations made to it under defence budget. According to the
records the PAF has not made any major induction into its inventory for past ten years while Army
went for Tanks, and Navy for Agosta 90b. The PAF has merely being inducting second line of aircraft
to fill in the gap but failed to address the vital issue of grabbing a state of-the-art fighter jet.
There have to be well-coordinated political and diplomatic efforts to create conducive conditions
for PAF to discuss various options with manufactures.

According to one expert, the PAF immediately needs adequate allocation of funds, two squadrons of a
high tech aircraft which has a deterrence value, a defensive Early Warning Radar system and BVR
Missile for the current fleet. PAF has options to negotiate French Mica, and American AMRAM BVRs. A
strategically worked out blend of one-third of the front line fleet which include high tech aircraft
and rest the Chinese Super-7 can help PAF to create balance of forces despite Indian mad arms race.
BVR missiles should be top on the urgent shopping list of PAF as IAFs has already inducted AA-12
Adder which can hit in air an incoming aircraft from the range of 50 km with accuracy as it is
equipped with Inertia, command and active radar.

To match this capability the PAF has the option of French MICA RF/IR missile as fully passive or
active, MICA is already more deadly and sneaky than any other existing advanced MRAAM. PAFs
fighter pilots would want maximum firepower and minimum workload to hit hard and survive in all
combats situations and tactical commanders want flexibility and high performance reliable weapons.
All seems to be available in MICA if go through the technical details of the missile.

According to experts MICA is the only multi-mission fire-and-forget missile capable of all air
defence missions. It can shoot down and shoot up from BVR intercept to close-in dogfights. It can
engage multiple targets. MICA has been operational now for two years as the principal weapon of the
Mirage-2000-5. What makes MICA the logical, option for PAF is that it is ready to be inducted and
Pakistan can mount these BVRs on its fleet of Mirages. They will also be beneficial for the force
if PAF finally decides to go for Mirage 2000-5.

On the other hand the American AMRAAM BVR presents even more acceptable option for Pakistan as they
can be immediately mounted on the PAFs fleet of F-16s. The AMRAAM is designed to he deployed on
F-14, F-15, F-16 and F-18. The missile can handle multiple targets and launchers simultaneously.
The missile rapidly accelerates to Mach 4.0 and proceeds to the target. Its maximum range is 65km
and can carry high explosive warheads up to 23kg.

防空通訊轉接設施可聯繫地面砲火或飛彈攻擊空中目標。美軍中
央指揮部設在西南亞地區的臨時總部發表聲明說，聯軍戰機是在
遭遇伊拉克地面砲火及飛彈攻擊後，基於自衛原則，對巴格達東
南方的地面防空通訊系統進行反擊。

這是本月以來，波斯灣地區英美聯軍戰機對來自伊拉克的地面威
脅展開的第九次反擊。

美國總統布希曾指控巴格達，繼續對在禁航區執行聯合國決議的
聯軍戰機進行敵對挑釁，顯示伊拉克政府無意遵守聯合國決議。
但伊拉克宣稱，它不承認英美兩國片面劃定的禁航區。

記者郭乃日／台北報導

為搶救逐漸腐損的近代影像記錄，中央研究院歷史語言研究所正和空軍照相技術隊合作，將過去空軍黑貓中隊駕駛U-2高空偵察機出生入死拍攝多達八十萬張的航照底片數位掃描，以利永久保存。

大陸考古學家目前正靠著一萬一千張已被美國中央情報局解密，日本在抗戰時期拍攝的航空照片，試圖重建在文化大革命期間遭到抹滅的歷史。其實空軍照技隊歷年儲存的空軍各式偵察機拍攝的航照底片高達一萬五千捲，底片超過一百萬張，拍攝區域絕大多數為大陸地區，資料的豐富遠遠超過日軍拍攝的航照圖。以北京為例，空軍曾在民國四十八年數度派遣第四中隊的RB-57D高空偵察機前往北京偵照，不過後來因被共軍防空飛彈擊落而使偵照行動中斷，直到接收U-2後才恢復。

空軍照技隊這批航照底片可說是中國近代史上最重要且最豐富的影像記錄，翔實記錄民國三○年代至今，大陸和台灣地區自然與人為景觀的變化。空軍第一個偵察單位第十二隊早在民國二十四年就已成立，不過因連年戰亂，一些早期的航照並未妥善保存。目前保存最早的照片是民國三十八年空軍第十二隊所拍攝，徐蚌會戰國共兩軍交戰的情況，同年因叛逃被空軍炸毀的巡洋艦重慶號，空軍也留下驗證戰果的照片。另外，民國四十四年共軍登陸一江山和大陳撤退的緊張情勢，空軍也都留下珍貴的影像記錄。

這百萬張航照底片中，U-2航照除了數量最多外，拍攝範圍也最廣，最遠達新疆羅布泊，西藏、東北的長白山、內蒙等地的影像也都有。拍攝時間則從民國五十一年至六十三年，這也證實有關後期U-2偵照任務只在大陸沿海的說法是錯誤的。

這批U-2航照也是目前史語所數位典藏的重點。負責這項「中國近代歷史地圖與遙測影像典藏計畫」的史語所副研究員范毅軍表示，航照提供了最直接、真實和豐富的地表概況，所以不同時代的航照忠實記載當時的地面情形，對於探究過去的舊貌、地形地物與社會文化的變遷演化等，提供最真實的證據。不過因許多底片已屆物理年限，或因儲存環境未盡理想，正逐漸腐損，因此如何妥適長久保存，並進而發揮其價值已是當務之急。

范毅軍說，這項計畫能順利推動，除了中研院院長李遠哲在經費上大力支持外，前參謀總長唐飛要求空軍提供航照也是關鍵。史語所目前以二部高精度數值掃描儀掃描航照底片，不過受限人力物力，每天只能掃描數十幅底片，因此掃描以具有文化歷史參考價值地區的U-2航照底片為優先。

他指出，這批U-2航照的時間和內容都是近代史上極重要的部分，且解析度相當高，而且底片全世界只有二套，另一套即原版底片現存於美國國家檔案館，目前已開放各界查閱，不過空軍這套U酖2底片雖是拷貝，但優於美國處在於，空軍保有航跡圖等資料，可知道每張底片實際涵蓋區域和拍攝情形；日後可據此建立查詢系統，提供航照範圍、經緯度等，做為學術研究之用。

范毅軍進一步表示，其實空軍照技隊其他的航照底片也具有豐富的歷史參考價值，以大陸現在興建的三峽大壩為例，空軍就保有民國三○年代，當時國民政府派飛機為三峽建壩探勘的航照圖，令他印象深刻。

由於照技隊機密等級相當高，是國內少數未曾公開過的軍事單位之一，因此這批航照底片的存在連空軍知道的人都不多。空軍總司令李天羽去年視察照技隊時曾參觀這批航照底片，並指示妥善保管。因此空軍已計畫自行掃描航照底片，轉存為光碟以方便保存。

Alenia Aeronautica Wins Contract From Greece for 12 C-27J Aircraft

(Source: Finmeccanica; issued Jan. 17, 2003)

空軍新引進歐盟空軍戰法 強化協同作戰能力
【薛孟杰/新竹報導】

新竹空軍基地上午對媒體公開春節期間戒備狀況，並首度證實空軍透過法國引進歐盟空軍戰法，將有助於我空軍與其他國家友軍戰機協同作戰，有效提升台海領空防衛戰力。此外，空軍今日也第一次公開新添購的救命裝備「防凍飛行衣」；一旦戰機不幸失事落海、將可協助飛行員維持基本體溫等待救援，避免珍貴人力的耗損。

(中央社記者許雅靜台北二十一日電)民進黨籍立委蔡同榮今天發佈新聞稿指出，據他所獲得的訊息，中國大陸情報部門在對台軍事情報資料的報告事項中，已將台灣二代戰機飛行員資料全部列檔，其中位於新竹的幻象戰機飛行官的人事背景與家屬等資料，全遭列為「飛龍檔案」，動機令人質疑。

蔡同榮(嘉義市)強調，軍方高層也透露，二代戰機飛行官的資料遭對岸列檔，洩密來源除了退伍官兵外，還包括在各軍事基地附近的特種行業場所、大陸新娘等，不肖的退役官員是在大陸地區集結軍中舊屬，除了在台灣領取高額的退伍金外，在大陸地區還集結軍中舊屬、同僚，買賣台灣軍情資料。

　　美國政策圈人士過去一年多來經常在私下對台灣採購武器的進度表達不滿，有部分批評者甚至懷疑台灣有意「坐霸王車」，指望美國獨力應付台海潛在的衝突。

　　譚慎格這篇措辭相當坦率，似乎顯示政策圈人士這種看法未有稍減。他在今天預先將文章傳給熟識的媒體記者。

　　這位立場親台的知名兩岸問題專家在文章中說，美國友人對台灣的同情感在逐漸消退。

　　他說，好幾位支持美國與台灣維持密切關係的卸任和現任美國國防官員向他表示，台灣「似乎自認為是美國和中國未來任何衝突的旁觀者」，而他們對此感到「意外、失望和有些惱火」。

　　譚慎格指出，台灣的經濟處於困境中，國防預算也在緊縮，但台灣的文人領袖必須對軍事將領施壓，要求他們重新檢討戰略上的優先順序，以因應中國對台灣在悄悄但迅速擴張的威脅。

　　他指出，到二零零五年，中國的國防預算將達到兩千年預算的兩倍，而台灣在質的優勢正在流失。他說，台灣二零零四年的總統大選在今年夏天就會升溫，因此陳總統在未來不到六個月的時間內，應就國防事務做關鍵性的決定。

　　譚慎格說，這些決定應包括採購ＰＡＣ３先進愛國者和「神盾」飛彈防禦系統、提升指揮、管制、通訊、電腦、情報、監控、偵察(Ｃ４ＩＳＲ)能力、反潛戰力和空優。

　　在飛彈防禦方面，譚慎格說，台灣應該立即訂購一部分ＰＡＣ３，以保護都會區，未來利用美國陸軍大批訂購所享受的較低生產價格進一步採購。

　　他說，美國副國防部長沃佛維茨去年九月在會見台灣的副國防部長康寧祥時，曾敦促台灣立即訂購ＰＡＣ３，但台灣的陸軍沒有興趣，寧可要求購買大砲和反戰車飛彈、坦克及昂貴的阿帕契攻擊直升機。

　　譚慎格說，陳總統應該命令陸軍設法針對真正的威脅找出真正的解決之道，或者在陸軍之外另行成立飛彈部隊，以因應台灣面臨的威脅。

　　他並說，台灣陸軍推拖不願採購ＰＡＣ３的藉口是美國陸軍仍停留在測試ＰＡＣ３的階段，但這種說法刻意忽略美國陸軍已經同時在訂購和部署ＰＡＣ３的事實。

　　譚慎格說，美國國防部和國務院的人士表示，美國肯定會在今年中同意出售神盾系統給台灣，但如果台灣希望快速部署神盾艦，台灣海軍必須在美國同意出售時便同意購買，如此台灣第一艘神盾艦將可在二零零八年服役。

　　他認為，台灣下一個優先要務是提升Ｃ４ＩＳＲ能力。這是個複雜的計畫，但五角大廈願積極協助。他說，美國海軍和空軍也會因而受益，但台灣需要為美國國防部在這方面的工作提供經費。

　　其次是台灣的反潛戰力。譚慎格說，除了柴電動力潛艇之外，台灣需要布希總統在前年四月同意出售的反潛飛機和海底監控系統。

　　布希同意出售的Ｐ─３反潛飛機已經停產，而如果要洛克希德馬丁公司恢復生產線，每架Ｐ─３將賣三億三千多萬美元。譚慎格說，在下一代反潛飛機開始生產之前，五角大廈應可為台灣找到較為價廉的替代機種。

　　最後，在空優方面，譚慎格說，美國國防部已向台灣表示，如果台灣的空軍機場遭中國的飛彈摧毀，台灣的軍機必須在高速公路上降落，而在這種威脅下，最理想的機種是仍在研發中的ＪＳＦ垂直起降戰機。

　　台灣要當這型戰機的工業生產伙伴已經太遲，但可以依美國的建議成為安全合作伙伴，如此可跟其他參與的國家共同出席會議，得到計畫發展的資訊，未來在需要替代戰機時不會有問題，而且參加這個ＪＳＦ俱樂部可以有跟北約國家和澳大利亞等國平起平坐的好處。

　　譚慎格說，台灣參與這個俱樂部約需要七千五百萬美元，對處於國際孤立地位的台灣來說，光是這個好處就值回票價。

　　譚慎格說，台灣的國防部對以上各項計畫都撥列小額研究預算，這讓人以為計畫已經展開，但事實上，這些計畫都被推到很遠的未來。

ＡＴ─３自強號高級噴射教練機，是漢翔公司前身航發中心，
於民國六十六年至七十八年自行研製成功的高級噴射教練機，
速度可達次音速。

ＡＴ─３教練機生產完成後，交空軍服役至今已逾十餘年，因
為其性能優異、安全性高，所以包括空軍官校飛指部飛訓課程
及雷虎特技飛行小組，均一直以ＡＴ─３為主要使用機種，目
前配合我國空防戰力需要，正委由漢翔公司進行「強漢計畫」
，從機身結構和性能方面提昇、延壽。

飛行ＡＴ─３時數已超過三千小時的空軍官校飛指部戰鬥組組
長吳明克上校表示，ＡＴ─３的安全性相當值得信賴，對初次
接觸飛行的學官來說，是非常適合的機種，尤其一般飛行科目
，平均抗壓力可達四Ｇ以上，而ＡＴ─３機則可作到七個Ｇ以
上的動作，所以相當安全。

而目前擔任雷虎小組領隊的李錦泰上校則指出，雷虎小組以國
人自製的ＡＴ─３為表演機種，除證實我國航空科技的高水準
和國防自主能力外，以其低空的優異性能，轉彎半徑小、音量
適中，常使飛行特技表演更具聲光效果，也更能吸引觀眾的眼
光。

自八十年參與雷虎小組，如今飛行總時數已達四千一百小時，
飛行ＡＴ─３的時數也超過三千小時的李錦泰上校認為，飛行
時數的累積相當不容易，期間可能因為受訓、職務的調整等因
素而中斷，以國內飛行Ｆ─１０４戰鬥機超過三千小時以上，
才僅前空軍總部政戰部主任孫國安中將一人而已，可想見其難
度。

中央社漢城二十六日專電

一架隸屬於駐韓美軍第五偵察大隊的AF-80 U-2偵察機，於今天下午兩點五十八分左右，墜毀於漢城市西南方京畿道華城市鄉南面的丘陵地上，造成駕駛此一U-2偵察機的一名美空軍飛行員機毀人亡；墜機災區的三名南韓居民受傷，美軍當局目前正在瞭解墜機原因。

Warsaw Rzeczpospolita in Polish
21 Jan 03 p B3
Report by Z.L.:
Sukhoy Returns to Poland; first paragraph
The Russian Sukhoy consortium will help the Polish Aviation Plant [WZL] Number Two in Bydgoszcz
and the WZL Number Four in Warsaw repair and upgrade 96 Su-22M4 planes and Su-22UM3k planes, which
are heavy fighter-bombers.

A relevant agreement was signed in Warsaw last week; we published a brief report on that. Experts
concerned with this industry say that a breakthrough has occurred in the relations between the
Polish Armed Forces and the Russian arms industry. After 10 years, we are going back to normal
relations, Aleksandr Klementyev, marketing director at the Sukhoy corporation, believes.

The Russian consortium, which controls an estimated fifth of the worlds market of combat planes,
has been able to export its products itself for only three months. The agreement signed last week
should open up new supply opportunities for Polish businesses specializing in repairing aircraft,
primarily WZL No Two in Bydgoszcz and WZL no Four. They will be able to buy original spare parts
with warranty from the Russian manufacturer. In the past, in order to keep Russian-made planes
airworthy, we had to resort to the services of a network of intermediaries, who were expensive but
not always reliable, Colonel Jan Zuk, director of WZL No Two, says openly. Spare parts were
imported from Belarus and Ukraine. Now we will be worrying less about the quality of the repair
work and the safety of our pilots. The Russians will also be exercising supervision if the planes
are upgraded, Lieutenant Colonel Jan Piotrowski, director of WZL No Four in Warsaw, said.

So far, the Sukhoy corporation has exported more than 1,000 Su-22 planes (they were in serial
production in the years 1984-1986). Aside from the famous designer office and a prototype-building
facility in Moscow, Sukhoy, which is a shareholders company, also has plants in Novosibirsk,
Irkutsk, Taganrog, and Komsomolsk on the Amur River. The Polish air force has 96 Su-22 planes at
the moment. They are stationed in two bases in Swidwin (Zachodniopomorskie Voivodship) and Powidz
(Wielkopolskie Voivodship). They constitute the main element of our fighter-bomber units. Right
now, two squadrons are part of the NATO response forces.

---------
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A52111-2003Jan27.html
華盛頓郵報:美國將與印度進行聯合空戰演習
U.S., India to Conduct Joint Air Combat Exercise
Pakistan Voices Concern Over Trainings Potential to Blunt Its Ability to
Use Nuclear-Armed Fighters
By Thomas E. Ricks
Washington Post Staff Writer
Tuesday, January 28, 2003; Page A18

The U.S. and Indian militaries are planning to conduct their first joint
exercise with fighter aircraft, U.S. defense officials said, a move that
has aroused concern among senior Pakistani officials because it is likely
to teach India how to blunt the ability of Pakistan to use fighter jets
to launch nuclear weapons.

The planned training, which is likely to take place later this year or early
in 2004, has not previously been disclosed. It represents an intensification
of the new relationship between the U.S. and Indian armed forces, which
until recent years tended to regard each other with suspicion.

The exercise could strain relations between Pakistan and the United States,
said Pakistani Foreign Minister Khurshid Kasuri. We would not be happy
at all if the exercise takes place, he told reporters and editors yesterday
at The Washington Post. I dont think it is politically advisable at all
for the military and the United States government to do anything which would
further complicate matters for the government of Pakistan.

He added that he expects the exercise to produce negative fallout and
said he planned to raise the issue with Defense Secretary Donald H. Rumsfeld.

The exercise apparently would be the first time that the highest-performing
fighters built by the United States and Russia would be pitted against each
other. In the training, the top air-to-air fighter in the U.S. Air Force
inventory, the F-15C, is expected to fly against the Russian Su-30s that
India started acquiring in 1997. The Pentagon is interested in practicing
dogfighting the F-15C -- which was introduced in the Air Force in 1979 --
with the newer Russian aircraft.

The United States asked that India fly its top-of-the-line warplanes, rather
than the older MiG-29s that India also owns, because the Air Force has never
had the opportunity to exercise against the Su-30 or its variant, the Su-27,
said Maj. James Law, a spokesman for the Air Forces headquarters for Pacific
operations. We requested those aircraft because the USAF already participates
in exercises with countries that have the Jaguar, Mirage, and MiGs, other
aircraft the [Indian Air Force] flies, he said.

We are still in the early planning stages of this exercise, he added.

Law said that it has not been decided what aircraft would be used in the
exercise, but another Air Force official said he expected that the F-15
squadron based on the Japanese island of Okinawa would be tapped.

Asked whether Pakistans concerns had been taken into consideration, Law
said that the exercise is consistent with President Bushs strategic objectives
in South Asia. But, he added, We would not want any neighboring country
to get alarmed by these exercises.

The training might enable India to learn how to better deter Pakistan from
believing it could use U.S.-built F-16s to threaten India with nuclear strikes.
The big, twin-engine F-15 is generally seen as superior to the smaller,
single-engine F-16. Pakistans air force operates about 32 F-16s, and is
believed to consider them a more dependable means of delivering nuclear
weapons than its ballistic missiles.

Pakistani F-16s supposedly have practiced a toss-bombing technique that
would be used to deliver nuclear bombs, according to GlobalSecurity.org,
an independent defense consulting organization. In that technique, a plane
begins its bomb run at a low altitude, perhaps to better avoid radar detection,
and then pulls up sharply as it nears its target, releasing the bomb as
it climbs. The bomb then continues on an upward arc before detonating far
from its release point, giving the pilot time to speed away from the nuclear
blast.

For the time being it appears that the credibility of Pakistans nuclear
deterrent depends not on its limited-range missiles, but on the survivability
of its strike aircraft, according to an assessment posted on GlobalSecurity
s Web site.

Over the past two years the U.S.-Indian military relationship has thawed
and led to a series of exercises, most of them less combat-oriented than
the planned air superiority exercise. Indian paratroopers last year practiced
parachute jumps in Alaska, U.S. Air Force C-130 cargo aircraft flew to the
big Indian air base near Agra for an exercise in military airlift operations,
and the Indian and U.S. navies conducted a four-day exercise that included
anti-submarine training.

In addition, Indian experts participated last June in a U.S. missile defense
exercise in Colorado, and Indian defense officials followed up with a visit
to the United States to discuss participating in the U.S. missile defense
program. The Defense Intelligence Agency also instituted a formal relationship
with Indias military intelligence service.

Some senior Pentagon officials in recent years have advocated developing
a new strategic relationship with India, which since achieving independence
in 1947 was usually seen by the U.S. government either as neutral or as
leaning toward the Soviet Union. Pentagon officials said they believe that
India, with its democratic capitalist system, huge population and burgeoning
information technology industries, can help offset the growing influence
of China in South and East Asia.

As soon as the Sukhoi aircraft military and industrial establishment got
this license at the end of the previous year, its representatives immediately
managed to concluded a profitable deal in Warsaw. This Russia-Poland framework
agreement provides for overhaul-period renewal of 60 fighter-bombers Su-22UMZK
and Su-22M4.

In fact, Poland is short of money to adjust its military standards to the
NATO standards by the determined period, 2006. What is more, the Polish
government already declared that this year defense spending would be reduced
by 3.5 billion dollars at least. Because of the budgetary deficit. Observers
say, this slowdown may entail changes in the date of Poland’s incorporation
into NATO. Nevertheless, Poland managed to find finance to renew the overhaul-
period of Russian warplanes. As the Polish mass media report, the fleet
of the latest modification of Su-22 planes will be in operation in the Polish
army till 2014. Thus, it is not ruled out that Russian warplanes may soon
be in operation in the NATO army.

As Agency of Political Information (APN) informs with reference to some
sources in the Polish Ministry of National Defense, almost detective events
preceded signing of the agreement. Illegal military freight going from Belarus
to Poland was detained at the customs in the Russian city of Smolensk. The
aircraft overhaul plant #558 from the Belarussian city of Baranovichi tried
to send the freight two times. As is known, the plant illegally produces
and exports spare parts for Su-22 and for engines AL-21. The Russian side
resolutely protested against such deliveries. Poland understood that it
would never get any spare parts from Belarus. Afterwards, Poland’s Ministry
of Defense decided to give up illegal purchases of spare parts. Then representatives
of Sukhoi arrived in Warsaw to negotiate methods of “civilized” cooperation
with Polish clients. The negotiations were a success. As is reported, Sukhoi
is going to use the same scheme for establishment of regular relations with
other foreign clients. It is expected that cooperation will be established
with Syria, Bulgaria, Peru, Angola, Libya and Vietnam, the countries where
over 500 of Russian Su-22 planes are adopted.

Ahtyam Ahtyrov
PRAVDA.Ru

http://www.taiwanmilitary.org/
Raytheon Awarded $39 Million for Maverick Missiles
Tuesday January 28, 10:01 am ET

TUCSON, Ariz., Jan. 28 /PRNewswire/ -- The U.S. Air Force awarded Raytheon Company (NYSE: RTN -
News) a $38.9 million Foreign Military Sales contract for Maverick missiles.

The FMS contract includes AGM-65 infrared (IR) Maverick missiles, trainers and associated spares
for Taiwan, United Arab Emirates, Oman and Bahrain.

This is another major award for the Raytheon-U.S. Air Force Maverick team as we continue to
provide our international partners with the proven air-to-ground precision engagement capability
of the IR Maverick missile, said Ron Shields, Raytheon Maverick program director.

There are two versions of the IR Maverick missile: the AGM-65D and AGM-65G. The AGM-65D variant
has an imaging infrared guidance system. The IR seeker presents a TV-like image on the cockpit
display as it senses small differences in heat energy between that radiated by target objects and
the surrounding background. The AGM-65D Maverick missile carries a 125-pound shaped charge
warhead. The AGM-65G missile essentially uses the same guidance system with some software
modifications that enables the missile to track larger targets. This variant carries the 300-pound
blast fragmentation warhead with selected fuze delays.

Work is to be completed by December 2004 and will be performed primarily at Raytheon Missile
Systems in Tucson, Ariz.

Maverick is a precision, air-to-ground missile that is used against small hard targets, armored
vehicles, surface-to-air missile (SAM) sites, and high value targets, such as ships, port
facilities and communications centers. The Maverick has launch-and-leave capability to enable the
pilot to lock onto the target, launch the missile and then take evasive action.

軍方在陳總統就任後，一直積極改善與陳總統的關係，政戰系
統曾下令軍方青年日報，頭版的新聞與照片，只能登陳總統的
活動，政戰系統還大量購買「台灣之子」一書發到基層連隊，
供官兵閱讀。陳總統巡視部隊過程中，安排官兵手拿「台灣之
子」，要求陳總統簽名，這次則是第一次要軍官戴扁帽，唱歌
跳舞給陳總統看。

據了解，陳水扁總統昨天與副總統呂秀蓮一起到台南基地巡視
，由於陳總統是台南人，台南基地特別將原本應該進行訓練與
戰備的經國號戰鬥機飛行員集合起來，然後命令他們戴上扁帽
，唱歌跳舞歡迎陳總統，陳總統看過後，十分的高興，並與這
些戴扁帽的飛官握手致意。

據指出，這些扁帽是台南基地精心設計，特別去找來的，顏色
與一般綠色的扁帽不同，但正面都有阿扁的英文字樣。

據指出，軍方原派員拍攝這些飛官唱歌跳舞歡迎陳總統的過程
，預備透過電子媒體對外發布，但後來發現飛官在基地執勤時
間不戰備，不訓練，戴著扁帽跳舞，若被外人看到，可能對軍
方形象有傷害，臨時將畫面刪除，未對外公開。

據了解，空軍總司令李天羽與陳總統關係很好，但昨天看到台
南基地的飛官戴上扁帽，當場也感到不妥，但不便表示意見。

【記者高凌雲/台北報導】
陳水扁總統中午前往國防部與全體官兵共進新春午餐，往年這
項餐會都會對外公開，今年以空間不足為由，婉拒媒體採訪。
據了解，軍方不開放總統餐會的主因，是因軍方安排的歌舞秀
，可能被媒體批評是逢迎拍馬，因此不便轉播。

由於今天是陳總統第一次到國防部大餐廳用餐，為了迎接陳總
統到來，早在數天前就已進行粉刷，但因為預算不夠，只將陳
總統用餐的地方重新裝潢，其他日常辦公與活動區域仍然保持
原來的陳舊，國防部同時命令部內全體官兵，不論其個人意願
如何，集體分成20梯次與陳總統合影，營造軍中官兵與陳總統
十分緊密的印象。

------------
空軍總部澄清媒體報導
2003/1/30
（軍聞社記者姜大宇台北卅日電）針對今日報載，陳總統巡視
空軍台南基地一事，空軍總部表示，當日台南基地各級戰備執
勤人員均嚴守工作崗位，歡迎陳總統均為非戰備執勤人員。

台灣四週環海，大部分的飛行訓練都是在海上進行，過去發
生過幾次飛機失事意外，飛行員雖然成功跳傘逃生，但是卻
因為海水溫度太低，落海後導致失溫而喪命。

飛行幻象戰機時數超過一千小時的柳惠千接受訪問表示，為
了提高飛行員落海的獲救率，空軍在去年引進新式防凍飛行
衣，可以視海水溫度高低，延長飛行員等待救援的時間。

他指出，防凍飛行衣增加了裝備，自然會比傳統飛行衣笨重
一點，但是這完全是習慣的問題，只要經過一段時間的適應
，就可以習慣防凍飛行衣。柳惠千並表示，空軍引進防凍飛
行衣後，已經配發各飛行部隊，供戰機飛行員使用，這將能
增加飛行員在夜航作戰訓練的安全性。

-------------
http://tw.news.yahoo.com/2003/01/21/polity/ftv/3772708.html
民視
2003年01月21日
空軍春演 展現盛大空防武力
為了讓國人安心的過年，國軍21日罕見的以大規模的戰鬥機
群向國人展示我國的空中武力。對於春節期間仍然要在第一
線執勤，飛行員都說，為了國家安全而犧牲無怨無悔。

我國空軍部隊21日舉行春節期間遭受敵人攻擊的模擬訓練，
整個過程不到5分鐘。空軍罕見的以一個中隊20架幻象戰機進
行模擬，向國人展現他們堅強的戰力。其他二代戰機中，IDF
，F16以及空中預警機這些新一代的空中武力也在台海上空交
織成一個綿密的防空網。

中共空軍飛行員李顯斌、李才旺、廉保生三人，民國五十四
年十一月十一日駕駛俄製伊留申二十八型轟炸機 (小獵犬式)，
自杭州筧橋機場飛抵台灣桃園機場，投奔自由。根據空軍總司
令李天羽聽當時在場人員轉述，這架飛機當時低空進場迫降，
後座的廉保生當場舉槍自裁，李才旺手腳都受槍傷。

當時官方發佈，廉保生是因飛機落地時衝撞而不幸喪生，直到
一九九二年，中共正式公佈廉保生為英勇烈士。依據當時反共
義士給獎辦法，除了廉保生的獎金暫由國防部保管外，李顯斌
和李才旺都獲頒鉅額黃金。不過，李顯斌在民國七十七年一狀
告到國防部，宣稱李才旺、廉保生不是反共義士，他們的獎金
都應歸其所有。

在李顯斌控告李才旺之前，李才旺早於民國六十四年退伍，輾
轉由美國回到上海召開記者會，對於自己被迫冠上反共義士的
名號，覺得非常不滿，並指稱李顯斌當時挾持他和廉保生，明
顯「劫機叛亂」。

李顯斌駕機「起義」來歸，在台灣受到英雄式的歡迎，李顯斌
立刻官拜中校，任職空軍總部政戰部門，獲得當時的總統蔣中
正召見，頒贈二千兩黃金。沒多久，李顯斌和政戰學校學生張
美雲共結連理，並下二個孩子，在當時社會上傳為佳話。

民國七十九年，李顯斌以上校一職退伍。離鄉二十六年的李顯
斌毫無警覺，以為當年駕機來台的事情已告一段落，民國八十
年十二月到加拿大以探親的名義持台胞證回山東老家探望重病
的母親，沒想到卻被大陸當局以「投敵叛變罪」處以十五年徒
刑，海基會多年來依李顯斌家屬之請，數度去函要求中共儘速
釋放李顯斌，均未獲人道回應。