http://udn.com/NEWS/FINANCE/FIN4/1215216.shtml

中科規劃成國防產業重鎮

■ 記者宋健生／台中報導

中部科學園區已進入實質招商階段，配合國防自主、自製優先等政策，「2003國防產業發展座談會」今（3）日在漢翔航空工業公司登場，會中將討論發展中科做為我國國防產業重鎮等重要議題。
中科大部分基地，早在二年前原由台中縣府規劃為航太工業園區，當初主要考量中部為精密機械產業重鎮，加上漢翔航空坐鎮，有利於衛星工廠體系建立。如今改設置為中科園區，政府相關機關仍希望藉此育成「國防廠商」，振興經濟發展。

「2003國防產業發展座談會」由漢翔航空、中山科學研究院航空所、國立聯合大學籌備處與中華國防工業發展協會聯合主辦，國防部軍備局、經濟部工業局、中小企業處等單位也協同參與。

會中，除邀請美國國防工業協會（NDIA）國際事務委員會亞洲事務主席派柏博士發表專題演講外，重頭戲是下午舉行的國防產業發展座談會，討論發展中科做為我國國防產業重鎮、結合民間力量發展國防科技工業、發展軍事休閒產業等重要議題。

參與座談的政府官員及廠商代表，包括立委林郁方、李文忠、盧秀燕，及工業局副局長歐嘉瑞、漢翔副董事長彭元熙、台灣波音副總裁胡金森、中信造船董事長韓碧祥、中華民國尖端材料協會理事長翁慶隆、中華國防發展協會理事長張雲鵬等人。

中華國防工業發展協會指出，美國國防經濟學家貝諾瓦曾說，至少有40％以上的國防科研技術可對民生經濟產生利益。換言之，國防產業的發展，正是協助傳統產業轉型升級的新契機。

（法新社漢城四日電） 在北韓戰鬥機攔截美國偵察機導致朝鮮半島緊張情勢升高之際，美國與南韓部隊今天展開防堵北韓軍事威脅的大規模聯合軍事演習。

這項名為﹁RSOI/FE 03﹂的年度演習將在部署朝鮮島附近地區的美國航空母艦支援下，在南韓領域進行至四月二日。　　

﹁RSOI/FE 03﹂因北韓啟動核子計畫引發對峙而備受注目，在未正式展開之前，數以千計的美軍已部署在重兵戍衛的兩韓邊界地區，進行暖身的模擬戰任務。美軍官員對法新社說：﹁演習今天展開，將有由美國本土和太平洋地區派出的五千名美國士兵。﹂

漢城和華盛頓當局都拒絕透露總共動員多少士兵加入這項他們稱旨在提升聯軍護衛南韓的能力，使之免遭北韓入侵的演習。

(中央社記者陳正杰華盛頓五日專電)美國檢方宣布，來自台灣的男子朱龍翔和張恩偉因企圖出口列入管制的軍品和武器到伊朗，涉嫌違反美國武器出口管制法和對伊朗禁運的規定，已經遭到美國當局起訴。

根據馬里蘭州聯邦檢察官辦公室今天發布的新聞，兩名被告當中，三十九歲的朱龍翔 (Chu Loung Hsiang，譯音)已於二十二日在美國在太平洋屬地關島被捕。

另一名被告是二十八歲的張恩偉(En-Wei EricChang，譯音)。新聞稿說，他是歸化美國公民，但和朱龍翔一樣常住台灣。檢方說，張恩偉據信在台灣逃避司法制裁。

檢方說，朱龍翔和張恩偉企圖出口到伊朗的管制項目包括早期預警雷達、德黑蘭的衛星照片、先進夜視裝備和其他軍事科技產品。

如果有罪，被告得判處五年有期徒刑，另外得罰款二十五萬美元。

檢方說，一個聯邦大陪審團在今年二月十三日裁定對張恩偉和朱龍翔提起告訴，理由是他們企圖經由台灣和其他地點從美國出口列入美國軍火管制清單的項目到伊朗。

朱龍翔被捕後，曾在關島聯邦法院出庭，近期將移到馬里蘭的聯邦法院受審。

Because of the systems failure to catch on overseas, the Lexington defense
contractor plans to lay off about 300 people next month at the Andover plant
where it makes the missiles and other components. Taken with other Massachusetts
layoffs, the cuts mean Raytheon will have eliminated more than 1,400 jobs
in the past year. It currently employs about 11,200 people in the state.
The company was relying on increased demand from countries such as South
Korea, Taiwan, and Saudi Arabia. In some cases, orders have been less than
Raytheon expected. With other countries, such as South Korea, the orders
havent materialized. A delay in Patriot international contracts has created
a gap in production needs at the Andover plant, said Raytheon spokesman
David Polk. He declined to be more specific.

Some governments may be holding off until there is a newer version of the
Patriot missile, made by Lockheed Martin Corp. at plants in Texas and Arkansas.
Known as the PAC-3, it is designed as a hit-to-kill weapon, destroying
incoming targets by ramming them, while Raytheons latest Patriot, known
as the GEM-Plus, destroys or disables incoming missiles by exploding just
yards away. The delay in foreign sales is probably because customers such
as South Korea want the PAC-3, which may not be ready for export for several
years.

Im sure thats largely what it is theyre waiting for, said Owen Cote,
associate director of the Security Studies program at the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology. US Army Patriot batteries are now being equipped
with both types of the missile. Raytheon still produces much of the ground
equipment used in the Patriot system, including its radar. But few of these
are being ordered by the Department of Defense. Raytheon has boosted production
of some components of the Patriot system because of rising demand from the
US Army in anticipation of an attack on Iraq. But those orders have not
been big enough to compensate for the loss of expected overseas sales. 

http://www.defense-aerospace.com/data/communiques/data/2003Mar14620/index.htm
Nine Satellites and Six Launch Vehicle Missions In Two Years
(Source: India Press Information Bureau; issued March 5, 2003)

UKRAINIAN-RUSSIAN ARMS ACCORD VIEWED AS BREAKTHROUGH IN MILITARY COOPERATION
烏克蘭及俄國簽署軍事合作協定
A recent agreement between the Ukrainian and Russian arms exporters, Ukrspetseksport
and Rosoboroneksport, is a breakthrough in military-technical cooperation,
the Defense-Express web site has written. Ukrspetseksport chief Valeriy
Shmarov told the web site that the agreement was long overdue and the sides
are now meeting each other half way in joint defence industry projects.
The following is the text of an article published on the Defense-Express
web site on 13 February:

There has been another breakthrough in military and technical cooperation
with Russia. This conclusion can be made after a joint session in Kiev 10-12
February of sub-commissions on military and technical cooperation. In parallel
with this, there was a working meeting in the Ukrainian capital of representatives
of the military departments, Ukrspetseksport and Rosoboroneksport, and leaders
of a considerable number of defence industry enterprises. After fairly firm
political foundations were created to bring defence specialists of the two
states closer together over the past two years, they have started a real
rapprochement.

During the meeting, Ukraine and Russia signed a relevant protocol whose
implementation will make it possible to solve not only long-standing coordination
problems, but also substantially to raise the technical and technological
power of the two states.

The most promising are joint projects for producing optical instruments,
missile complex target systems, work on modernizing Mig-29, Su-24 and Su-27
combat planes and Mi-24 helicopters, S-300 anti-aircraft missile complexes,
Buk systems and the Tochka-U tactical missile. But the most important aspect,
experts believe, may be conducting joint scientific research and experimental
design work. If that happens, it will be possible to say with confidence
that Ukraine has been very specifically drawn into the Russian defence industry
complex.

Although questions of joint work on third markets was not directly discussed
during the Kiev meeting, both sides agree that there is an opportunity for
earning not bad money in joint repairs of armoured vehicles belonging to
the armies of states in the Middle East and North Africa.
This is how the general director of Ukrspetseksport, Valeriy Shmarov, commented
on the meeting in an interview with Defense-Express:

Shmarov The meeting was long overdue - things change with time and it becomes
clear that questions of maintaining arms and military equipment in a secure
condition are becoming more problematic for both Russia and Ukraine, because
often the manufacturer is in Russia and the user in Ukraine, and vice versa.
Certain difficulties have arisen in maintaining arms and military equipment,
and in modernizing military equipment. Not to mention possibilities of developing
and creating new-generation weapons.
This became a brake for a certain period. It even became dangerous, and
so it was decided to bring people from the two states together who are engaged
in the development and production of complicated military complexes.

The tasks of provision and liaison here were given to Ukrspetseksport and
Rosoboroneksport.
Altogether, at least 50 enterprises took part, and there has probably not
been a conference of such a format and at such a level for 11 years.

Correspondent Can it be said that Russia today is prepared to meet Ukraine
halfway in questions of joint work in the defence industry sphere?
Shmarov Both Russia and Ukraine are meeting each other halfway. Today we
can say that it is a reciprocal process.

Correspondent In which areas can Russia make use of Ukrainian services in
this field?
Shmarov For example, there is a very serious division in the Russian Federation
s armed forces - the area of missiles... ellipsis as published

Correspondent At one time Ukrainian enterprises were squeezed out of the
cycle of creating air defence systems... ellipsis as published
Shmarov Ukraine was not squeezed out, and the topic of air defence, incidentally,
was one of the key topics at the conference. But technology moves on, and
because of a number of objective circumstances, primarily economic, the
Ukrainian armed forces were unable to acquire the new developments that
already existed. This problem has to be addressed.

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無網址:

航電領域研發中心六日於中科院成立
2003/3/4
（軍聞社記者李智偉台北四日電）國防部 軍事發言人黃穗生少將今天在例行記者會
中表 示，為加強與國內產業互動與 結合，中科院已 協助德國貝克公司來台投資，
並成立國內第一 個航電領域研發中心，並同時訂於六日在中科 院龍園研究 園區舉
行開幕典禮。

黃少將指出，航電領域研發中心可結合中 科院及國內產業為目標，規劃長期
發展，以有 效促進國內傳統產業轉型及航 太產業發展，預 計未來八年，可為國內
創造約五十億台幣產值 。

中科院電子系統研究所技術推廣組韓國璋 博士，也在記者會中表示，航電產
業具有飛航 認證、行銷壟斷、廠牌迷思及 高技術、高投資 等高門檻特性，在國內
歷經多年投入，除中科 院、漢翔公司、工研院等少數公營單位具有技 術發展能力
外，目前民間在航電產業則相形見 絀；基於航電產業同時具有高附加價值，及產
品壽命週期長之特性，一旦切入市場， 即可長 期佔一席之地，提供國內傳統產業
提昇、轉型 及製造業之精緻化的另一契機，與國內產業結 構形成互補，同時航 電
核心技術應用於海事、 車輛電子產業，也是全球發展趨勢。

記者李順德／台北報導

行政院會昨天通過「國家情報工作法」草案，明確規範情報蒐集得採秘密方式，並以「涉及國家安全或利益的資訊為限」。草案也明定情報人員應嚴守政治中立，不得介入非關國家安全或利益事務，不得擔任政黨或政治團體職務。

草案同時規定，情報工作應兼顧國家安全與人民權益的保障，並以適當方法為之，不得逾越所欲達成目的必要限度。

行政院表示，本法是國家安全局在召集國內相關單位研商後提出，草案中規定，情報工作應符合比例原則，尤其要尊重法制國家「依法行政」的原則，凡以秘密蒐集情報的手段，都應遵守相關法令。

草案也對洩漏或交付國家機密、情報資訊、來源、組織、活動者，訂出處一年以上、七年以下有期徒刑；因過失犯罪者，處三年以下有期徒刑或拘役，並得併科新臺幣五十萬元以下罰金之相關罰則。

草案針對協助情報機關從事情報工作的人員，因執行工作喪失人身自由時，政府應盡一切力量協助，因執行任務受傷、致殘、死亡、喪失人身自由、涉訟、失業，政府應予本人或家屬補償或救濟。草案也明定情報機關應對現職人員及參加任用考試人員進行安全查核，惟為兼顧權益，得允其陳述意見及申辯。

編譯霍達文／美聯社東京五日電

一九四五年四月，美國Ｂ廿九型轟炸機來襲前夕，科學家中根一直在日本國家理化學研究所提煉濃縮鈾供日本當局製造「超級炸彈」之用。

到第二天上午，即一九四五年四月十三日，中根所有樣本及他在理化研究所的實驗室都毀於砲火，而且還埋在瓦礫中。

過去六十年間，歷史學者一直無法解決日本在二次大戰期間原子彈研製工作留下來的一宗懸案，就是在美國的空襲使日本無法繼續研發之前，日本的原子彈研製工作進度如何？

由於大家都相信所有官方紀錄都已在大戰結束前焚毀，因此歷史學者只能從比較不可靠的線索找答案。現在號稱在戰火中失去的文件復見，將有助解決此一歷史懸案。

日本科學家黑田和夫在二次大戰結束後把若干關於日本原子彈計畫的文件帶往美國，這批文件在去年四月由黑田和夫的遺孀送返日本。

文件共廿三頁，內容涉及日本製造一枚威力較遜的原子彈的計畫。日本當局在二次大戰結束時下令銷毀有關計畫。

參加日本原子彈研發計畫的一名科學家覺得銷毀所有文件太可惜，於是把原來應該燒掉的廿三頁文件暗中交給理化學研究所助理黑田和夫，黑田和夫在一九四九年移民美國時暗中把這批文件帶出國。

黑田和夫去年去世前是美國阿肯色大學名譽教授，他秘密收藏這批文件五十多年。黑田和夫年輕時在理化學研究所服務，他的遺孀就把文件送給理化學研究所。

看過這些文件的專家認為，即使日本製成一顆原子彈，威力也不會很大。

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陳忠信林南生何敏豪膺任國防委員會召委
經各黨推舉產生 三人均為上會期國防委員
對國防政策均十分投入與關心

記者謝忠杰台北報導

　　立法院第五屆第三會期國防委員會國防召集委員在朝野協商下，經各黨推舉產
生，本會期將由民進黨立委陳忠信、國民黨立委林南生與台聯黨立委何敏豪擔任，
並於下週一邀請國防部長湯曜明赴國防委員會提出國防業務報告並備詢。

　　立法院第五屆第三會期在四黨一派政黨協商後，各委員會召集委員由各黨推舉
代表產生。在政黨協商推舉人選後，立法院國防委員會昨日召開第一次委員會，並
通過由陳忠信、林南生、何敏豪擔任本會期召集委員，同時排定下週委員會議程。

　　此次國防召集委員中，長期關心國防政策的陳忠信再次擔任召委，林南生、何
敏豪則首次擔任國防委員會召委，其中何敏豪的出線則是台聯立院黨團首次跨足國
防委員會召集委員。不過，陳忠信、林南生與何敏豪在本屆前三會期中均擔任國防
委員，對於國防施政極為熟悉，同時三位也曾為了國軍採購紀德艦一案，親赴美國
考察紀德艦封存情形，衡量紀德艦現況是否合乎我國建軍備戰需求，對於國防事務
相當投入。

　　國防委員會在無異議通過本會期召集委員名單後，隨即開會討論下週議程，並
確定下週一（十日）邀請國防部湯部長赴立院國防委員會報告國防業務並備詢；十
二日則進行本會期立法計畫的討論與處理九十二年度中央政府總預算案國防部主管
有關「募兵制三個實驗營計畫經費」之決議，以因應國防部四月份即將開始實施的
三個實驗募兵營；十三日則針對國軍醫院醫療現況，至國軍野戰醫療站、松山醫院、
三軍總醫院進行考察。

　　立法院第五屆第三會期國防委員會召委昨日順利產生，三人齊聚相互勉勵，期
許本會期議事順利，國防施政零缺點。

　　三位召委由左而右依序為國民黨立委林南生、民進黨立委陳忠信、台聯黨立委
何敏豪。

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漢翔續爭取其他外商參與
記者蕭介雲台北報導
　　漢翔公司昨日指出，在國防部計畫釋出空軍後勤第二指揮部軍工廠國有民營案
（ｇｏｃｏ）時，因洛克西德馬汀公司堅持公司主導權及百分之四十持股，與政府
招商及立法院國防委員會決議有差異，目前仍在協商中；如果洛克西德馬汀公司確
定退出，則漢翔可持續爭取其他具合作意願與能力之外商參與國內ｇｏｃｏ業務。

　　漢翔公司表示，國防部於今年初決定將部分二線軍機維修作業，逐年委由民間
執行，空軍二指部為最優先釋出之指標性個案，據估計至二○○五年，台灣軍機維
修市場規模可達五億美元；國防部並將考慮依此方式，持續推展至空軍一、三指部
執行。

　　另針對有媒體報導「洛馬退出後的二指部股權，已有泛綠立委表願承接」等情
事，漢翔公司說，從來沒有與立委洽談洛馬退出後的二指部股權事宜，亦未聽聞類
似傳言；其次，該公司並未表達獨立推動ｇｏｃｏ案，在二月十九日簽署合作聯盟
高階座談會中，仍強調與洛馬公司合作之可行性。

　　漢翔公司同時指出，立法院國防委員會決議訂定限制外資持股比例百分之廿，
係立委基於軍備自主，扶植國內航空產業之立場所主動提出，並經全體表決通過，
該公司並未與立委聯手推動該議案。

SEOUL, March 6
Russia and Kazakhstan were the main suppliers of fighters and other conventional
weapons to North Korea in the past ten years, according to a Swedish research
institute.

The website of the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI)
showed that North Korea acquired 35 SS-N-2b Styx anti-ship missiles from
Russia between 1992 and 1996.

One of the Styx missiles was fired into international waters in the Sea of
Japan on February 24, South Koreas Yonhap news agency said.

Between 1993 and 2002, North Korea imported 308 million dollars worth of
weapons -- 176 million dollars from Kazakhstan, 103 million dollars from
Russia and 29 million dollars from China, SIPRI said.

During the same period, China delivered 550 portable SAM missiles and 16
Romeo-class submarines while Kazakhstan shipped 34 MiG-21 fighters, 24 KS-19
anti-aircraft guns and four fire control radars, it said.

Russian weapons purchased by North Korea during the period included Styx
missiles, four surveillance radars, six fire control radars and 32 IFV
armored vehicles.

North Korea also produced other weapons under Russian license -- 1,100 AT-4
anti-tank missiles, 550 SA-16 portable SAM missiles and 500 SA-7 portable
SAM missiles, according to the institute.

http://www.defense-aerospace.com/data/communiques/data/2003Mar14695/index.htm
Technologies To Control Future ESA Scientific Missions

http://www.defense-aerospace.com/afp/defense/030310121348.xlnuxrwv.html
US allowed to set up nine logistical bases in Turkey: report
土耳其同意讓美國設立後勤基地

南韓媒體今天引述日本「讀賣新聞」報導指出，為了攔截北韓發射的蘆洞飛彈，日本政府打算儘快在今年夏天部署射程達一千公里的PAC2改良型愛國者飛彈，以替代目前所擁有的僅能對應射程六百公里的彈道飛彈之PAC2愛國者飛彈。

南韓「聯合新聞通訊社」今天報導指出，據悉，日本當局的這項計畫包括修改自衛隊的法令，甚至讓自衛隊在首相下令「防衛出動」之前，就可以「先斬後奏」地以PAC2改良型愛國者飛彈擊落來犯的飛彈。

報導指出，由於日本航空自衛隊目前擁有的PAC2愛國者飛彈，僅能對應射程為六百公里的彈道飛彈，因此，日本自衛隊計畫自今年七月至二○○七年為止，部署二十七枚可攔截射程達一千公里之彈道飛彈的PAC2改良型愛國者飛彈。

據悉，北韓蘆洞飛彈的射程達一千三百公里，當日本部署PAC2改良型愛國者飛彈時，將可降低來自北韓的飛彈威脅。

媒體報導在美方施壓下，台灣準備加速採購長程預警雷達和六套愛國者三型飛彈系統。國防部長湯曜明昨天表示，長程預警雷達現在還在協商採用那一種型式的雷達，預定九十三年度開始編列採購預算；六套愛國者三型飛彈系統還在研究評估，確定不會編入下年度預算，至於何時編預算他不作評論。

行政院長游錫則表示，媒體報導和事實有出入，軍事武器採購是依據敵情威脅和作戰需求，循建案程序辦理。湯曜明表示，中共飛彈、無人載具、巡弋飛彈對台灣的威脅是事實，八十六年起專案小組開始研究，八十七年當時的參謀總長唐飛就去美國協商籌建平面雷達、低層飛彈系統建構。

湯曜明說，長程預警雷達去年起列入作業期程，還沒有提到第一優先階段，現在還在協商採用那一種型式的雷達，預定九十三年度開始編列採購預算。至於六套愛國者三型飛彈系統，湯曜明表示，目前還在研究評估，沒有正式建案，不會編入下年度預算。

中將退伍的國民黨立委高仲源評論說，中共部署在大陸沿海的Ｍ族飛彈距離台灣只有一百五十公里，這些東風十一型、東風十五型飛彈對台灣足以構成威脅；長程預警雷達偵測距離是三千至五千公里，是否需要採購令人質疑。

-----------
無網址
Defense News
March 10, 2003 Pg. 20
俄國提出新建軍計劃
Russia Draws Up New Plan For Re-Armament
By Lyubov Pronina, Moscow

More than 30 Russian ministries and agencies, with the Ministry of Defense
at the helm, by years end will begin laying the groundwork for a new armaments
program that by 2015 will see a strong defense industry supplying the military
with modern weapons and equipment.

At its meeting Feb. 25, chaired by President Vladimir Putin, the Security
Council approved a new military and technical policy for a re-armament program,
with research and development for new-generation weapon systems running
from 2006 to 2010, and the re-armament portion starting in 2008 and finishing
by 2015.

The new plan was drawn up in response to a nine-month study that included
a poll of 200 defense industry executives. Conducted by an inter-ministerial
commission, the study assessed the state of the Russian defense industry,
what industry could do for the military and what the militarys future needs
are.

Our strategic task is to provide the armed forces with newest weapons &
[and through this reinforce] their potential and combat readiness, Putin
said in televised remarks to the Security Council.

Putin said it is important to understand what types of weapons are required
to ensure national security now, and what is needed for the future. He also
emphasized that timing and the stages during which new systems are created
have to be justified and realistic.

They have to be tied with the cycles of the development of the defense
industry and scientific complex and, of course, with the stages of the armed
forces reform, Putin said.

The new armament program comes just a year after the government approved
the militarys last armament program, which runs until 2010.

What and When

A 43-volume, classified docu-ment outlined which weapon systems would be
delivered to the Army and when, according to defense officials here. While
they could not elaborate, the officials said modernizing existing hardware
is the priority, and that new, mass-produced weapons will be delivered in
2005-06.

While Defense Minister Sergei Ivanov said Feb. 25 that the current program
is being fulfilled 98 to 99 percent, defense industry officials have said
the program was not realistic in meeting the militarys needs, considering
the countrys economic capabilities.

Alexei Moskovsky, deputy defense minister in charge of arms procurement,
told reporters Feb. 25 that active re-armament will begin in 2008 and
be completed in 2015, while research and development will be done in 2006-2010.

The new systems include a fifth-generation fighter jet and a new tank, both
of which are covered under the current weapon program.

Earlier this year, Moskovsky told reporters the new fighter will make its
maiden flight in eight to 10 years. Sergei Mayev, head of the Defense Ministrys
Armor Directorate, said Feb. 25 that a new tank will be developed by decades
end. Mayev said the future of the tank will depend on the countrys economic
situation.

Speaking at the Security Council meeting, Putin said defense spending should
not be a burden for people or prevent economic growth.

Russias national defense budget has been on the rise for three consecutive
years.

Russia this year will spend around 350 billion rubles ($11 billion) on national
defense overall, of which some 110 billion rubles will go toward procurement
and research and development of new systems, up from 79 billion rubles in
2002.

Industry Skepticism

While defense officials are optimistic the new program will meet the needs
of Russias military, industry officials doubt it will do much to bolster
their order books, despite the studys goals.

State procurement makes up for only 7 percent of our work and does not
resolve anything, Alexander Nozdrachev, head of the Russian Conventional
Arms Agency, said on the sidelines of its annual meeting Feb. 25.

Nozdrachev said that enterprises under the agency reported 23 percent growth
in production last year, but the majority was due to export contracts. Export
deliveries by the enterprises doubled last year to $816 million, Nozdrachev
said.

Overall, Russias arms deliveries abroad last year hit a post-Soviet record
of $4.8 billion, $1.1 billion more than the previous year, said Mikhail
Dmitriev, head of the State Committee on Military and Technical Cooperation
with Foreign Countries. Revenues from arms sales in 2002 also reached a
record $4.5 billion, he said.

Last year, state-owned arms export agency Rosoboronexport delivered $4 billion
worth of arms and saw revenues of $4.3 billion. Almost half of Rosobo-ronexport
deliveries sent Sukhoi jets to China, India, Algeria and Ethiopia.

The share of Russian companies selling their products independently of Rosoboronexport
grew to 17 percent last year.

http://www.defense-aerospace.com/afp/defense/030318164553.ah3bi78c.html
France to continue to aid Uzbekistan militarily
法國繼續幫助烏茲別克斯坦軍方

http://www.defense-aerospace.com/afp/defense/030318131909.qffpefn1.html
US military raises security levels in Europe

http://www.defense-aerospace.com/data/communiques/data/2003Mar14808/index.htm
Govt To Reduce Military Service Term
(Source: Korea Information Service; issued Mar. 16, 2003)
南韓減少服役時間

http://www.defense-aerospace.com/afp/defense/030316114945.2b0ygx0q.html
Mideasts largest military show opens in shadow of US-led war on Iraq

http://www.defense-aerospace.com/afp/defense/030316103549.dlatxmpf.html
Sri Lanka to probe rebel attempt to seek Russian missiles in Laos

Lund cited practical considerations, which he said could outweigh previous
statements from government ministers indicating it would terminate exports
to the US.

If the US attacks without a second resolution the situation becomes difficult.
On the one hand such an attack would be a violation of international law, but
on the other hand one has to weigh up Swedens defence and political interests,
Lund told AFX News adding:
For our own defence we are dependent on military imports and countries we
have cooperation with must be able to trust us, so both parties must be able
to trust the arrangements in place. The JAS fighter project is such a project,
where certain parts come from the US.

Last week, in widely reported comments Lotta Fogde, under secretary for weapons
exports at the foreign ministry threatened to terminate military exports to the
US in the event that it went to war in Iraq without a second resolution.

Zerkalo Nedeli (Kiev), No. 6, February 15-21, 2003, p. EV
Valentin Badrak (the Army, Conversion, and Disarmament Surveys Center)

HIGHLIGHT:
FORMS OF COOPERATION BETWEEN MOSCOW AND KIEV IN THE MILITARY-INDUSTRIAL
SECTOR HAVE IMPROVED. SUCH RELATIONS ARE AN ADVANTAGE FOR BOTH NATIONS UNDER
CURRENT GEOPOLITICAL CIRCUMSTANCES.

BODY:

(...) A meeting between the Russian and Ukrainian presidents in Dnepropetrovsk two
years ago became a turn to Ukraines return the sphere of Russias defense interests.
(...) A decision to use two Ukrainian stations for warning about early missile
launches in Russias interests was made on the eve of Putins arrival in
Dnepropetrovsk. (...) In late 2001 Ukrspetsexport general director Valery Malev
and Rosoboronexport general director Andrei Belyaninov signed an agreement, which
regulates relations between the Russian and Ukrainian weapon exporters on foreign
markets.

Cooperation and assistance became realistic despite the fact that this document
became another political prerequisite for uniting efforts. A joint advisory group
solved problems on foreign markets rather efficiently. For instance,
Rosoboronexports stand at the Aviasvit-XXI air show in Ukraine was as big as
Ukraines exhibition. In the meantime, many foreign nations were represented at
the show by military attaches. It should be noted that a tendency toward closer
relations between Russia and Ukraine became stronger owing to the fading of the
Wests interests in Ukraine. (...)

The deterioration of Ukraines weapons and military vehicles became another
objective prerequisite for cooperation. Taking into account the fact that as
a rule Ukraine does not have money to purchase new weapons, Kiev decided to
cover its Armys gaps by means of developing friendship with Russia.

As far as Russia and Ukraine are concerned, each nation will receive its dividends.
Ukraine will be able to solve problems connected with the prolongation of the normal
lifetime of its weapons, and Russia will have another tool of influence on Kiev.

ANTI-AIRCRAFT FRIENDSHIP

After the end of two-day negotiations in Ukrspetsexports building, Alexander
Stetsenko and Alexei Moskovskii, chief of the armament departments of the Ukrainian
and Russian Armed Forces, signed a protocol the realization of which will make it
possible to restore military-industrial cooperation and increase the technical and
technological might of both nations. In addition to the generals the document was
signed by Ukrspetsexport general director Valery Shmarov, Vladimir Paleshchuk
(Russian deputy secretary of the committee for military-technical cooperation),
Valery Kazakov (Ukrainian State Secretary of the Industrial Policies Ministry),
and Rosoboronexports representative Igor Astapyev. It should be noted that the
final plenary meeting was attended by Anatoly Myalitsa, Ukrainian Minister for
Industrial Policies, and incumbent political curators of the Ukrainian arms
business:
Igor Smeshko, secretary of the presidential committee for military-technical
cooperation and exports control, and Igor Cherkasskii, chairman of the quality
control commission established by the Presidential Administration.

V. Shmarov commented on this meeting as follows: The necessity of holding
such a meeting appeared long ago; the issue of fighting efficiency of weapons
and military vehicles has become very topical both in Russia and Ukraine, let
alone the development and creation of next generation weapons. Owing to a range
of objective circumstances, including economic problems, the Ukrainian Armed
Forces has not managed to purchase new weapons. Such meetings have not been
held for over 11 years.

At present Russia is prepared to give Ukraine the right to upgrade fighters
and combat helicopters if the designers of these weapons are located in
Ukraine. Meanwhile, Ukraine must purchase a license in order to realize
upgrade programs. In the meantime, Russia is prepared to purchase such
licenses from Ukraine too.

The possibility of using a simple mechanism of purchasing spare parts by
means of taking part in the CIS military-technical program is another
substantial advantage for Ukraine. In November 2002 the Council of the CIS
leaders passed a military-technical cooperation program according to which
the CIS member-nations can purchase weapons and military hardware at
domestic prices. This is a very important possibility for Ukraine, which has
not been buying spare parts for its anti-aircraft complexes from Russia for
three years. It should be noted that Ukraine will not be able to re-export
upgraded weapons. Experts think that Russia and Ukraine will be able to
solve this problem if Ukraine finds a promising customer. In addition, the
program is aimed at closer cooperation and joint research and development.

It should be noted that the presidents of Ukraine and Georgia signed this
program despite the fact that Ukraine is not a CIS member-nation. The CIS
member-nations did not object, and this document will soon be improved:
Ukraine will be added to the list of participants.

As far as negotiations in Kiev are concerned, Russia and Ukraine determined
the most prospective programs of cooperation: the production of optical
devices and guidance systems for missile complexes; the upgrade of the
MiG-29, Su-24, and Su-27 fighters, the Mi-24 helicopters, and the S-300,
Buk, Tor, and Tunguska anti-aircraft complexes. In addition, experts note
that Russia and Ukraine will realize joint scientific and research projects.
If this happens Ukraine will become involved in Russias military-industrial
complex. The most positive aspect is that joint research and development
programs will lead to interdependency between Russia and Ukraine. A.
Moskovskii, head of the Russian delegation, said: Ukraine and Russia are
interested in each other by 80%; this concerns direct cooperation links,
serial production, and research. This meeting is one of the forms of
cooperation between the Russian and Ukrainian industries.

Views on closer relations between representatives of the Russian and
Ukrainian defense industries may differ but one thing is evident: this is
the meeting of graduates from one school. Many of these graduated from the
same university and worked together.

MYTHS ABOUT UKRAINIAN-RUSSIAN MILITARY-TECHNICAL FRIENDSHIP

The main myth is that Russia will meet military-industrial cooperation with
open arms. In reality the diapason of topics of the Russian-Ukrainian
cooperation will always depend on Russias interests owing to Russias
self-sufficiency.

Unfortunately, Ukraine cannot offer much to Russia. The missile and space
industry and aircraft-building are the only sectors of actual cooperation
between Russia and Ukraine. Bilateral relations between Ukraine and Russia
reach 40% to 60% in this sector. Precisely Ukraine supplies the Russian
Strategic Missile Force and exports docking systems for satellites, control
units for the Proton and Soyuz rockets, and hardware for space centers.
Russia and Ukraine are cooperating in the development of the Dnepr project
aimed at using the upgraded SS-18 Satan missile.

In the meantime, representatives of the Russian defense industry say that
Ukraine and Russia will not venture to develop risky sectors of cooperation.
For instance, no one has shown interest in upgrading air-to-air missiles for
the MiG and Su fighters, which has displeased Alexander Kachura, president
of the Artem holding.

In addition, Russia is surprised by the fact that Ukraine is guided by its
national security interests and imposes restrictions on cooperation with
Russia. For instance, Russia is dissatisfied with the fact that 503 Russian
enterprises supplied their products to 130 Ukrainian partners in 2002, and
this quota has been reduced to 90 exporters and 98 importers in 2003.

The second myth is connected with a firm belief of some representatives of
the Ukrainian defense industry that Russia will develop projects in which
Russia depends on Ukraine very intensively. The problem is that Russia is
becoming the main partner for Ukraine, while Ukraine will always remain
one of Russias many partners. For instance, Russian Air Force Commander
Vladimir Mikhailovs statement that the An-70 project has lost its
prospects should not be linked with his political shortsightedness or
mistake. The point is that Russia intends to develop several projects
simultaneously, and its intention to develop the Tu-330 (which exists on
paper) and Il-214 medium-class military-transport planes is connected with
diversification of sources of influence and attempts to load Russias
production facilities and expand its presence of the weapons market. It
should be reminded that the Ilyushin aircraft complex (Russia) and Hindustan
Aeronautics Limited signed a contract to create a new transport plane during
the AeroIndia-2003 show. The new transport plane will be created on the
basis of the Il-214 plane (Russia); not the An-70.

The third myth is connected with Ukraines hope to establish closer
cooperation with NATO. Russia reached an agreement with NATO regarding
concrete projects while Ukrainian defense companies were organizing
presentations of various sectors of the defense industry in NATOs
headquarters. ON January 13, 2003 Boris Aleshin, chairman of the Russian
state committee for standardization and metrology, and John Clark, chairman
of the NATO board of national directors for cataloguing, signed an agreement
about Russias involvement in NATOs cataloguing system. This agreement
will
allow Russia to promote its weapons and military hardware with fewer
problems and cut the budgets expenses on the purchase and maintenance of
weapons and military vehicles. It seems that Russia has managed to establish
closer cooperation with NATO faster than Ukraine. It should be noted that
Russia does not seek to become a NATO member.

The most interesting myth is that Ukraine will expand its presence on the
worlds weapon markets by means of developing military-technical cooperation
with Russia. By the way, cooperation on foreign markets was not discussed
directly at the meeting in Kiev. Russian and Ukrainian experts agree that
there is a possibility to make money on repairing military vehicles of
Middle Eastern and North African armies. However, such projects must be
mutually beneficial and balanced. But even in such projects Russia and
Ukraine will compete despite the canon of great friendship. A contract to
sell four Zubr landing vehicles to Greece is a graphic example: Ukraine and
Russia sold two landing vehicles each, and Moscow managed to win over a
contract to sell a fifth landing vehicle to the Greek Army.

In the meantime however, relations between Ukraine and Russia in the
military-industrial sector and on the weapons market have entered a
pragmatic phase. Forms of cooperation between Moscow and Kiev have improved.

聯合晚報記者劉淑婉／台北報導

國防部常務次長陳體端上午在立法院國防委員會答詢時指出，為掌握中東戰情，我方已派一專案小組前往中東，了解戰況和美、伊兩國作戰方式。

他說，由於美攻伊之戰，我方未實際參與軍事行動，國軍戰備目前仍保持常態，開打後會對台海情勢加強嚴密監偵。

他並說，派往中東專案小組屬於任務編組，是一個跨部會組成的小組。至於小組的成員為何，實際負責的工作內容等，陳體端則不願多做答覆。

陳體端是答詢立委林南生、秦慧珠和盧秀燕等人質詢有關美伊戰爭，我方有何因應之道，目前國軍戰備情況如何時，作上述表示。

陳體端表示，綜合各種情勢研判，美伊戰爭不會打太久，兩國戰力懸殊很大，伊拉克一定會輸，戰爭會拖多久完全端視伊國人民的意志力而定。

針對外交部發言人石瑞琦前天的發言，盧秀燕質詢此可能引發伊拉克對台灣進行報復，國防部永興小組有否召開會議討論因應之道。陳體端答詢說，部長已就此召開內部會議進行討論，已要求各級部隊加強防範，各營區加強戒備。

【2003/03/20 聯合晚報】

The Bush administration has made clear it wants Israel to stay out of an
Iraq war so as not to provoke Arab and Muslim countries assisting the United
States. But that wont stop Israels weaponry and arms technology from
being used against Iraqis.

After decades of U.S. military aid and defense cooperation, the U.S. military
is permeated by technology developed in Israel - from the Armys Hunter
drones to the targeting systems on the U.S. Marines Harrier jets to the
fuel tanks on its F-15 fighters.

Well be shooting down some (French) Mirage 3s, I think, if the Iraqis
ever come up. We may shoot them with an Israeli missile, from a U.S. warplane,
said Joel Johnson, spokesman for the Aerospace Industries Association,
a Washington-based industry lobby.

It would be hard to find a modern military that manages without technology
developed by the Jewish states feisty industry. Israel emerged last year
as the worlds No. 3 arms and military services exporter - ahead of even
Russias massive arms industry, according to Janes Defense Weekly. That
Israels weaponry has found a place inside the mighty U.S. military points
to the countrys engineering prowess - and its status as a favorite ally,
said Yiftah Shapir of the Jaffee Center for Strategic Studies at Tel Aviv
University.

The U.S.-Israeli friendship helps to a certain extent, but when it comes
to commercial competition, these sentiments are put aside, Shapir said.
These are highly advanced and the price is highly competitive. Iraqi forces
might be on the receiving end of Israeli technology in several scenarios.

A B-52 bomber could fire Popeye air-to-surface missiles - dubbed AGM-142
by the U.S. Air Force - at ground targets. The precision-guided Popeyes
were designed by Rafael, a company partially owned by the government of
Israel.

Israeli-designed Hunter unmanned aerial vehicles are in the service of the
U.S. Army, and its cousin, the Pioneer, is being used by the U.S. Marines
to scout Iraqi defenses. Both originated in the design labs of Israel Aircraft
Industries, the countrys largest private company.

The Hunter dropped anti-tank munitions in recent U.S. tests, and could be
used alongside the Air Forces armed Predator missile-firing drone in a
ground attack role.

Some of the Armys Bradley fighting vehicles are guided by on-board computers
supplied by a subsidiary of Israels Elbit Systems, Shapir said. U.S. troops
riding in the Bradleys might also be protected by armor from Rafael, said
Lova Drori, Rafaels director of international marketing. Rafael is also
the designer of the Litening Targeting Pods used to fire precision weapons
from the Marines AV-8B Harrier jet, as well as F-15s and F-16s flown by
the Air Force Reserves and Army National Guard, Drori said. Israel also
makes or designs multiple rocket launchers, mortars, laser target designators
for the Armys Comanche helicopter and other components, Shapir said. Much
of the equipment is manufactured in the United States by subsidiaries of
Israeli companies, or through joint ventures with U.S. weapons manufacturers.

According to Janes, Israel made more than $3.5 billion in arms sales last
year, roughly equal to Russias massive arms export industry. Only the United
States and Britain sold more, Janes reported.

---------------

白宮周一稱握有俄羅斯公司出售違禁配備給伊拉克的證據，這足以危害正在伊拉克作戰的美英軍隊。

遭指控的莫斯科公司Aviakonversia，其負責人安東諾夫(OlegAntonov)表示，「我們從未出售這種設備給伊拉克，」華盛頓指控該公司出售能夠干擾導引飛機或飛彈衛星訊號的電子儀器給伊拉克。

遭美方指控出售反坦克飛彈給伊拉克的KBPTula公司，也否認有這類交易。

白宮發言人弗萊謝(AriFleischer)周一曾表示，對於有關俄羅斯公司供應GPS干擾系統、夜視鏡與反坦克導彈給伊拉克的報導，美方相當關切。

美國國務卿鮑威爾(ColinPowell)告訴記者，在莫斯科的駐俄大使館周二把更多有關這項指控的資料呈報給俄羅斯外長伊凡諾夫(IgorIvanov)。

鮑威爾說，「我希望(這些資料)將使他們對此事進行追蹤，並採取適當的行動。我們對此事相當關切，也對俄方坦白而公開。」(完)

（中央社台北二十六日電）為防伊拉克使用生化武器，美軍將使用多種新型武器裝備，其中包括改進後的防毒面具、更舒適更輕便的防化服、遠距離生化探測傳感器、化學毒劑檢測裝置、狐式化學毒劑檢測戰車、生物毒劑綜合監測與生化沾染清除系統，還有兩種專門對付生化設施的新型彈藥戰劑毀傷彈頭，以及電磁脈沖彈。

據中新社報導，戰劑毀傷彈頭（ADW），是一種能夠摧毀生化戰劑，而又不會使之擴散的武器。據稱是由GBU-24雷射制導炸彈和九百零八千克「聯合直接攻擊彈藥」攜帶的高溫燃燒劑彈頭組成。

（中央社記者黃菁菁東京二十七日專電）日本近來對北韓可能發射飛彈一事備感威脅。日本防衛廳長官石破茂二十七日上午在眾議院安全保障委員會上表示，我們真的應該積極討論，自衛隊有必要具備攻擊戰力的課題。

美伊戰火點燃後，北韓更成為日本的心腹大患，日本近來提高警覺防範北韓會冷不防地來個飛彈攻擊。日本防衛廳則指出，目前自衛隊並沒有攻擊敵方基地的導彈，所以即使遭受飛彈攻擊，恐難對敵軍基地發動有效的反擊。

(中央社記者劉明德柏林二十七日專電)鑑於伊拉克衝突的教訓，德國總理施若德深感歐洲防衛的重要，因此，打算提高德國的軍事預算，此舉並獲得聯邦部隊的認同與讚許。

施若德在內閣會議結束之後表示，德國的軍力必須強化，因此增加國防預算是必要的。聯邦部隊主席蓋爾茲知道之後感到非常高興並婉轉的表示，額外的任務應該需要額外的軍費。對此，聯盟黨的黨團副主席蕭伯樂指出，總理的說法並不表示已經定案。此外，我們要致力於和美國的友好關係，而不是在軍事上和美國競爭。在聯合內閣中的社民黨黨團和綠黨則暫不表態。

事實上，施若德在二十五日接受時代週報的專訪中就已經透露，歐洲需要更強大的國防。他說，從伊拉克危機可以得到一個結論，那就是我們必須維持聯邦部隊的裝備更新和有關的財政支出。他並說，在緊急的情況下，要是有人還能有不同意見或是甚至說不，比如說在伊拉克這個例子，那麼那個人就要有自己的武力。

德國明年的國防預算大約在二百四十億歐元左右，最近這幾年這個數字基本上沒有太大變化。不過，現在德國正在進行部隊結構調整，從一個由戰車所保護的本土防衛武力轉變成一個所謂侵略型的部隊。其實，大多數的德國武器專家，包括聯盟黨也都指出目前的國防經費還不夠，特別是用在通訊設備的費用，以及在空中運載快速反應部隊和重機械的運輸能力都明顯不夠。施若德補充說，到目前為止，聯邦部隊的預算基本上還算夠，不過，要是情況改變的話，就有討論的必要了。就軍事費用的問題，國防部長史楚克也曾經表示，只有當國防部有更多預算的時候，德國部隊才有可能投入國外任務的可能。不過，他卻沒有排除德國部隊參與伊拉克重建的任務；聯邦部隊主席也表示，德國的聯合國部隊參與伊拉克的重建是有可能的。

http://news.yam.com/cna/international/news/200303/200303280019.html
德國綠黨反對政府增加軍費

(中央社記者劉明德柏林二十七日專電)德國總理施若德才說要增加軍事預算沒多久，就遭到綠黨的強烈反彈。綠黨主席畢爾和綠黨的環保部長崔汀堅決反對增加軍事經費。

雖然施若德預計增加德國的軍事預算，不過國防部長史楚克卻沒有這種打算，而且今天他還明白的表示，德國政府沒有計畫在伊拉克戰爭之後，將德國的聯合國部隊投入伊拉克。

綠黨主席畢爾表示，增加軍事預算是多餘的。況且為了重建德國經濟，目前正大規模削減社會福利的同時，怎麼可以就這樣的增加軍事預算呢！環保部長崔汀今天也表示，不足的國防預算正好可以用來推動聯邦部隊的結構改造，雖然這會造成國防部很大的壓力，不過這樣做卻也有治療的效果，因此，我們不能減輕改革的壓力。

對於德國的聯合國部隊是否參與伊拉克重建的問題，崔汀抱持懷疑的立場，不過，聯盟黨的態度則是明顯要參加。聯盟黨黨團裡面負責外交政策的發言人傅律格表示，我們當然要參加伊拉克的重建工作，藍扁帽部隊當然要投入伊拉克。對這個問題德國政府至今還沒有清楚表示，不過卻是一直強調，德國會履行應該盡到的國際義務。合作發展部長佐爾以及綠黨的黨團副主席施陀貝樂同聲要求美國和英國必須承擔起伊拉克的重建費用。施陀貝樂在WDR電視台上表示，這兩個國家可能很喜歡戰爭，既然這樣的話，他們也應該要考慮到戰後的重建工作。

美伊戰爭敏感期間，陳水扁總統昨日視察花蓮海軍「固海」營區雄二飛彈基地，以及空軍佳山基地的戰備情形。

陳總統昨日上午搭乘空軍一號專機飛抵花蓮，在警方全程開道和交通管制下，趕往東海岸賀田山的「固海」營區視察。隨後，他轉往空軍佳山基地了解戰備情形。

因行程並未對外公開，陳總統迅速視察兩處基地後，並未發表公開談話。在媒體的要求下，總統府透過軍聞社，發布此一不公開行程的新聞稿。

花蓮海軍固海營區位於賀田山上，面臨太平洋開闊海域，營區內部署地對海的雄二飛彈，屬於陸基型制海攻擊武器，專責監控花蓮海域執行東部海岸反登陸制海防衛射擊任務。

（中央社記者褚盧生洛杉磯二十七日專電）洛杉磯國際機場今天成為美國唯一一座由國民兵協防的機場，四十名攜帶M-16自動步槍的一個加強排，將日夜不停在機場周邊執行巡邏警戒任務。

加州州長戴維斯宣佈這項安全任務時強調，雖然眼前沒有立即威脅機場安全的情報，但是及早、週延的防備有助於保障旅客的安全。

戴維斯透露，蓋達組織曾於兩年前計劃對洛杉磯機場發動攻擊，所幸執行任務的恐怖份子事先在西雅圖被捕，才能免去一次災難。

行政院長游錫昨天在立法院表示，台灣不是聯合國會員國，很多國家也不承認台灣，中共若要攻打台灣，不必經聯合國決議，因此台灣一定要充實國家安全能力。國防部長湯曜明則表示，中共飛彈若襲台，依目前評估，約八到九成可攔截。

國民黨立委陳杰在立法院施政總質詢時，詢問游揆美國跳過聯合國機制攻伊，對台灣有何啟示？游錫做了上述表示。游揆並且強調，台灣安全一定要自立自強，有效嚇阻、防衛固守，所以要採購防衛性武器。至於兩岸是否可能爆發戰爭，游揆表示根據國防部瞭解，中共目前並無異常活動。

國民黨立委羅世雄在總質詢時也表示，中共現有四百枚導彈瞄準台灣，他詢問湯曜明若中共飛彈襲台，台灣究竟有幾顆愛國者飛彈？又可排除多少枚飛彈？湯曜明表示，目前在台北市周圍部署有三組愛國者飛彈，但他不願透露飛彈有幾枚。他說，飛彈防禦系統是不可能達到百分之百效能，但依目前來看，我方對中共飛彈攔截率有「八十％到九十％」。

湯曜明表示，美國官方在最近二天內將會就愛國者飛彈在美伊戰爭中的作戰情形作說明，但根據他的了解，愛國者飛彈攔截伊拉克飛彈的比例非常高，效果相當好，美伊戰爭對我國軍方來說更是「活的教材」，軍方已透過許多管道派員前往觀察。

（中央社記者褚盧生洛杉磯二十九日專電）有子女在美國軍中服役、並且派赴伊拉克前線作戰的旅美華裔軍人的家長，今天在洛杉磯宣佈成立「精神互援會」，透過彼此連繫、化解對前線子女的憂慮，進而交換訊息，相互祝福與鼓勵。

「華裔美軍暨眷屬互援會」選擇青年節在海外華人聚居的洛杉磯成立，二十餘位華裔美軍的家長、親友從加州各地趕來參加，居住於紐約、芝加哥、內華達州的一些僑胞更透過越州電話表達支持。

互援會發起人、加州大學洛杉磯分校教授尤瑢川表示，該會成立的宗旨有三：一、支援華裔子弟兵參戰，並以他們為榮。二、聯絡華裔子弟兵的家長、眷屬、親友相互扶持。三、透過互援會，彼此交換經驗、感受，並就前線最新戰事、資訊互相蒐集與告知。

自從伊拉克戰爭自三月十九日開打以來，美軍傷亡數字逐日升高，一些旅美華裔軍人的家長、眷屬在郵電中斷，前線消息有限的情形下，不免開始出現情緒焦慮與不安。尤瑢川表示，互援會未來將每隔兩週舉行一次，如有緊急需要，更會經由臨時聚會，讓彼此在生活上、精神上互相表達關懷與扶持。

http://news.yam.com/cna/international/news/200303/200303300114.html
深具親情意義的「華裔美軍暨眷屬互援會」

（中央社記者褚盧生洛杉磯特稿）美、伊大軍在巴格達的決戰在即，自美國各地調往波斯灣參加這場代號為「解放伊拉克行動」的旅美華裔子弟兵為數不少，他們的家長懸念之餘，決心化焦慮為祝福，今天在洛杉磯宣佈成立「精神互援會」，相互打氣、相互鼓勵。

互援會發起人、加州大學洛杉磯分校教授尤瑢川表示，他的獨子尤承硯今年一月初被調往科威特前線，礙於軍中規定，既不能隨身攜帶行動電話，也不能寄發電子郵件，二月間寄回兩次手寫家書後，因為三月開戰，部隊派往伊拉克境內後即失去連絡。

尤瑢川說，最近以來，他和一般閱聽大眾一樣，只能依賴收看電視新聞、翻閱洛杉磯時報，了解前線動態，心中自有一番焦慮和不安。

談到獨子尤承硯，畢業於台灣大學與哈佛大學的尤瑢川透露，兒子千禧年高中畢業時，由於成績不錯，獲得加州大學爾灣分校電機系優先錄取，但是兒子體諒父親終年忙碌的辛勞，毅然加入美國海軍在聖地牙哥的訓練營，計劃以自立更生的方式完成學業。

美國因為常年實施募兵制，為了鼓勵青年從軍，三軍兵種都有明文規定，只要接受一段時間的軍事教育，並且入伍服役屆滿後，就能擁有一筆可觀的榮譽獎學金足以完成大學教育之需。

尤瑢川說，來自台灣的家長都希望兒女接受高等教育，他身為洛杉磯加大的教職人員，當然有能力負擔。不過，兒子的志向與具有獨立性的選擇，也不由得他不加以尊重和鼓勵。

一九八一年自台灣移民來美的陳德昌說，他孩子陳政輝的想法與尤承硯如出一轍。陳政輝一九九六年高中畢業後，就選擇加入美國少年海軍陸戰隊，經過四年軍中生活後，也開始了自己大學階段的教育。

由於恐怖首腦歐薩瑪．賓拉登發動「九一一事件」，當時正以備役身份在帕沙迪那社區學院就讀的陳政輝立即被徵召回海軍，並且迅速隨著部隊開拔到了阿富汗。

陳德昌說，目前人在伊拉克南部大城巴斯拉附近作戰的陳政輝，曾經於三月初打過一通電話，自那以後即因軍中的保密規定失去音訊。

同樣來自台灣的周宛雪，對於目前身在伊拉克前線作戰的獨子林博凱，也是有著無限的思念與難掩的憂慮。

周宛雪說，這幾天看到電視上播出美軍傷亡的消息，心裡總是感到不安和焦慮。林博凱目前是美國陸軍第三野戰師第二旅的迫擊砲手，正在巴格達外圍六十哩處向前挺進。

尤瑢川說，凡是有子女在前線的華裔家長，隨著美伊戰事的拖長，心中自有一份難以言喻的焦慮和不安，並且逐日增加。基於這一「同理心」，他連日來與一些家長取得連繫，經過商量後一致決定選擇「三二九」青年節成立「華裔美軍暨眷屬互援會」，在精神上相互聲援，並分享彼此從各自管道獲得的資訊。

此文為俄國媒體報導俄國出售軍武給伊拉克的爭議
Agency WPS
What The Papers Say (Russia)
March 28, 2003, Friday
DUMB BOMBS
Izvestia (Moscow), March 25, 2003, p. 1
Sergei Zhdakaev, Anton Kliuev, Dmitrii Litovkin THE US STATE DEPARTMENT
HAS ACCUSED RUSSIA OF SUPPLYING MILITARY EQUIPMENT TO THE IRAQI ARMED FORCES.
OFFICIALLY, THE RUSSIAN GOVERNMENT AND DEFENSE ENTERPRISES ARE CATEGORICALLY
DENYING THAT ANY ARMAMENTS HAVE BEEN DELIVERED IN CONTRAVENTION OF UN SANCTIONS.
HOWEVER, ACCORDING TO OUR SOURCES, RUSSIAN-MADE EQUIPMENT HAS INDEED TURNED
UP IN IRAQ.

BODY: The US State Department has accused Russia of supplying military equipment
to the Iraqi armed forces. Officially, the Russian government and defense
enterprises are categorically denying that any armaments have been delivered
in contravention of UN sanctions. However, according to our sources, Russian-
made equipment capable of interfering with the guidance systems of American
missiles and smart bombs has indeed turned up in Iraq.

According to the official letter of protest given by the Americans to the
Russian ambassador in the United States, complaints are primarily focused
on two Russian defense enterprises: the Tula instrumentation design bureau,
and the Moscow-based Aviakonversia company.

According to the CIA, over the past year Russia has sold Iraq anti-tank
missiles, night-vision goggles, and electronic jamming equipment which can
disrupt satellite signals used by American aircraft and guided missiles.

It turns out that the scanadal had been brewing long before the start of
the war in Iraq.

A spokesperson for the US embassy in Russia told us yesterday: We have
raised this issue repeatedly of late, at the very highest level in the Russian
government. However, we have yet to receive a satisfactory answer. We hope
the relevant Russian state agencies will finally pay due heed to our concerns.

The scandal became public knowledge at the same time as incidents of missiles
hitting civilian facilities in Iraq were becoming more frequent. In the
first five days of the war, American high-precision weapons have repeatedly
struck unplanned targets. According to the Americans, the Russian defense
sector might be to blame for these failures, since the Iraqis were probably
using Russian-made equipment supplied by Aviakonversia to jam guidance signals
for smart bombs.

The Pentagon is also claiming that Baghdad purchased a substantial quantity
of Cornet anti-tank missiles from the Tula instrumentation design bureau
as recently as two months ago.

The US accuses Aviakonversia of supplying Iraq with at least five jammers,
as well as several thousand sets of night-vision goggles.

Russias official response yesterday was equally categorical. Foreign Minister
Igor Ivanov said: Russia is strictly abiding by all its international obligations,
and has not supplied any equipment to Iraq, including military equipment,
in violation of the sanctions. Ivanov confirmed that the American side
has indeed approached us repeatedly since last October with queries about
possible deliveries of forbidden equipment to Iraq. All of these queries
were investigated most thoroughly by the relevant Russian agencies, and
corresponding answers were provided. The most recent answer was given on
March 18. No evidence supporting American concerns has been found.

Presidential aide Sergei Yastrzhembsky made a similar statement yesterday.
According to him, Russia has concluded no unlawful deals. Yastrzhembsky
said: Such night-vision goggles may be freely purchased in the United States
or any European country.

Off the record, our Foreign Ministry sources made it clear that they see
a different reason behind the accusations. Frustrated by its lack of immediate
success, Washington is attempting to shift the blame - and to blacken the
international reputation of Russia, which has refused to support the US
military operation. The Foreign Ministry sources say the US is trying to
send the following message to other countries: If a nation violates UN
sanctions, it would also be capable of breaking its own commitments.

http://news.chinatimes.com/Chinatimes/newslist/newslist-content/0,3546,120507+122003033100304,00.html

2003.03.31 工商時報
航太業衍生產品 覓商機
黃繡鳳/專題報導

國內航太產業最近致力於多角化發展，以度過經營的谷底。其中，漢翔航空醫療器材事業處今年特製輪椅訂單倍增，且與上承家具合作，推出量身訂做的辦公椅；生產航空貨櫃的台灣懷霖也承接力翔航太客艙娛樂系統的螢幕殼，以及戰鬥機維修鈑金零件；至於，緯華航太公司更運用複合材料，發展汽車零件和防彈鋼盔，使得航太產業衍生的商品更加豐富。

漢翔特製輪椅業績激增

漢翔航空醫療器材事業處處長陳德忠指出，為配合公司多角化經營策略，在民國九十年底成立醫療器材事業處後，目前已上市的產品計有特製輪椅、3D適型坐墊、站立式輪椅、懸吊搬運系統和手推車等。他說，去年特製輪椅市場屬於試銷階段，營業額僅五百五十萬元，今年預估可達五千萬元以上，並達到損益兩平目標。

陳德忠表示，目前特製輪椅全球僅四家公司生產，該公司產品正在香港、澳洲、日本、波多黎各、荷蘭、新加坡與泰國等地試銷中。由於漢翔產品具有物美價廉特色，未來將在國際上找尋更多的合作伙伴，擴大行銷範圍。

在漢翔醫療器材事業處研發成果豐碩，目前也吸引國內相關產業洽談合作案。據了解，以生產辦公家具聞名全省的上承家具就透過漢翔量身訂作的3D適型坐墊製成辦公椅，下個月開始搶攻竹科高科技員工商機，正式將漢翔產品帶到辦公家具市場。

懷霖切入客艙娛樂系統

至於生產航空貨櫃的台灣懷霖公司，該公司也在工研院和航太公會的居間牽線下，和力翔航太合力生產客艙娛樂系統。台灣懷霖指出，由於該公司在發展航空貨櫃過程中，對於航太品質要求以及航太法令相當熟悉，才能輕易介入客艙娛樂系統中的液晶螢幕鋁合金外殼，目前除了飛機外，產品線更衍生到一般汽車和巴士螢幕系統。

緯華轉戰汽車複合材料

另外，生產直升機的緯華航太，該公司行銷業務處副總張國竑也表示，該公司直升機以主旋翼複合材料為主，複合材料彈性遠超過一般金屬材料，受到消費市場極度的肯定。他說，該公司複合材料部門近期內也擬與經濟部合作，將複合材料產品線拉到汽車，甚至防彈鋼盔上，為公司再創另一種商機。

http://news.chinatimes.com/Chinatimes/newslist/newslist-content/0,3546,120507+122003033100305,00.html

2003.03.31 工商時報
戰事衝擊 航太接單走下坡
黃繡鳳/專題報導

美伊戰爭正如火如荼開打後，由於歐美航空頻頻減班、裁員，連帶地影響國內航太產業產值。目前除了漢翔航空仍持續九一一以來的情勢、延遲交機外，其他機體結構廠商，如全鋒、台翔、瑞利等訂單也相對減少，需靠本業或轉型的商機支撐，航太產業經營困境更加雪上加霜。

台灣區航太公會總幹事藍兩家指出，美伊戰爭開打後，歐美線旅客量大幅度降低，航空公司不斷裁員、減班，造成航空製造業不敢下訂、交機，連帶地影響到國內航太產業，由於國內廠商承接的多屬長期性訂單，目前已被要求延遲交貨，航太產業苦不堪言。

軍用品訂單逆勢成長

藍兩家表示，從九一一恐怖事件至今，美國地區的航空公司已有十萬人慘遭裁員，歐盟也有三萬人失去工作；另外，就美國航空製造業而言，包括美國波音等公司陸續裁掉五萬人，因此這些大廠不但購機速度慢、交期遲緩，產值也降低，以國內航太產業而言，今年訂單又略減於去年。

藍兩家也坦承，若就軍用航空和國防工業而言，包括電子、通訊、電腦和戰爭相關的產業，短期內產值反而提升。他說，日前在伊拉克被擊落的阿帕契直升機，其機械零組件就由台灣機械業製造，這些機械和電腦公司今年產值勢必提高。

另外，國內航太產業龍頭老大－漢翔航空也指出，從美國九一一恐怖事件後，該公司大客戶如波音、龐巴迪航空都要求漢翔延遲交機，包括漢翔航空的美國波音七一一客機機尾段訂單，從每月四架降為一架、龐巴迪一○○後機身訂單也由一年二十架掉到四架，每年產值相對減少。據航太小組預估，要全面恢復訂單生產，得等到二○○五年初。

至於過去投入不少研發費用、機械投資成本的航太廠商也怨聲載道，他們認為，今年訂單較去年還少，整體航太產業不景氣，使得他們的航太部門年年虧損，快撐不下去了。如全鋒實業去年總營收中航太部門還貢獻一成，今年更不到一成，投資航太腳步更加沉重。