toga 　於　2001/02/03 16:09
發表內容：
這是在下於全防網站上所張貼的一篇舊文，眼看就要被刪除了，心中覺得怪可惜的，故轉貼於此，看看是否能為其尋得「第二春」
Germany’s Leopard 2 Remains the World’s Best Tank
(Source : Forecast International/DMS ; issued Jan. 8, 2001)
根據該權威軍武分析機構的報告，當今世上現役主力戰車整體性能排行榜為：
No.1、豹二A6 EX（德國、瑞典）：
擁有現役戰車中最強的反裝甲火力（120mm55倍徑滑膛炮＋DM53 APFSDS）以及數一數二的裝甲防禦力，加上大幅升級的電子系統和輔助動力單元，使得自成軍至今已將近三十年的豹二依然寶刀未老，穩居世界第一的寶座。

No.2、 M-1A2 Abram（美國）：
配備衰變鈾裝甲的M-1A2，在面對現役反裝甲飛彈HEAT彈頭攻擊時，正面裝甲防禦力相當於1300mm滾軋均質裝甲，為現役戰車中防禦力最強者；然而由於目前所配備的120mm，44倍徑炮威力不及豹二A6EX的55倍徑炮，兼以燃氣渦輪動力系統較為耗油，因此整體性能略遜豹二A6一籌。

No.3、90式主力戰車（日本）：
九○式戰車能得到如此高的評價，老實說，著實讓在下感到意外，而報導上也未明確說明該組織是以什麼標準判定90式為世界第三；也許是因為其高達30匹／噸的馬力重量比、液壓懸吊系統、自動裝彈機以及各式先進的日製電子裝備而擄獲該組織評審員的芳心吧！！

No.4、雷克勒主力戰車（法國）：
大量引用最先進的系統（52倍徑炮、衰變鈾穿甲彈、自動裝彈機、先進戰機級的電子裝備、聯合網路作戰系統、模組化複合裝甲、省油性能可媲美柴油引擎的燃氣渦輪發動機.......），曾被譽為世間唯一第四代主力戰車的雷克勒，在此次評比中竟只排名第四，委實令人（至少是在下）失望；然而其高昂的造價，確實使其在成本效益方面居餘劣勢，而其嬌貴的先進電子作戰系統，在惡劣環境下的作戰能力也的確引人質疑：在大前年瑞典，以及去年希臘的主力戰車競標案中，雷克勒戰車的在惡劣環境下的射擊精準度均遜於豹二A5／A6以及M-1A2，以致於最後的優勝者均為豹二A5／A6（不愧世界第一的美譽），可為明證。

No.5、挑戰者二型（英國）：
受到二次大戰的教訓，英國佬的主戰車的要求向來防禦、火力優先，機動力殿後，重達62ton的車身，引擎馬力卻只有1200匹馬力，使挑戰者二型的機動力明顯不及其同儕；由於英國陸軍軍方的保守思想，認為旋膛炮可用彈種較多、射擊精度較滑膛炮為佳，因此在挑戰者二型戰車上採用違反時代潮流趨勢的120mm旋膛炮，也因此使得挑戰者二型的主戰武器之共通性不佳。此外，雖然挑戰者二式大量採用先進的電子裝備，但其整合度卻好像始終不及其同儕，以致於在歷次競標案或射擊競賽中，其射擊精度始終墊底........基於上述種種理由，大多軍武專家均認為：挑戰者二型的性能是西方四大主力戰車之末。而事實上，其銷路確實也是四大主力戰車中最為淒慘者。

No.6、馳車三型（以色列）：
該戰車係針對以色列的獨特需求而設計：
a. 有廣大的內部空間：
拜前置引擎設計所賜，可攜帶五十發120mm砲彈【豹二與M-1A2均只能攜帶四十二發左右】，還可內載60mm迫擊砲，攜帶大量迫擊砲彈與上萬發機槍彈，以及沙漠作戰的必需品：大量的飲水。必要時，馳車三型還可移除部份彈藥，攜帶數名步兵成為兼職但防禦力恐怕是世界第一的步兵戰鬥車。）

b. 防禦力極強（模組化複合裝甲＋反應式裝甲＋前置引擎保護駕駛艙）而機動力極差（63tons車重、前置引擎、1200匹馬力），比挑戰者二型更為極端。

c.至於其火力以及車載電子系統則據稱和M-1A1相當，應該略遜於前述的新銳戰車，然而以色列製戰車在惡劣環境下的可靠度與作戰能力向來有口皆碑，因此如果以沙漠國家的觀點來看，也許馳車三型才是最強的主力戰車。

可惜的是，最適合購買馳車三式的顧客，卻正好也是以色列最大的對頭：阿拉伯國家，以致於馳車三型始終與外銷無緣。

No.7、俄製主力戰車（T-80UD、T-90）：
俄制主力戰車，向來有不少極具創意的設計，諸如戰車炮用長程反坦克飛彈、自動裝彈機、多層式反應式裝甲以及主動防護／反飛彈系統等；然而受限於先天戰鬥室設計不良（無防爆宣洩門、砲彈儲存間置於易遭貫穿命中之處等），加上冶金技術與電子科技不及西方先進國，因此該組織評估：俄製主力戰車在抵抗APFSDS彈攻擊能力，中彈之後車內成員存活機率，125mm戰車炮APFSDS彈之貫穿力，以及電子射控系統方面的表現等，仍不及西方新銳戰車。至於全新研發，47tons級，配備135mm主炮，號稱整體性能為西方新銳主力戰車1.5~1.7倍的黑鷹型主力戰車，由於其尚未大量生產服役，兼以目前無其詳細資料，故未被列入此次評比中。

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小滬尾 　於　2001/02/03 23:50
發表內容：

t兄﹐不用客氣
不要說是第二春﹐永遠的偉哥都沒關係。
儘量貼啦﹐大家都讀得很過癮的說。

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toga 　於　2001/02/10 13:06
發表內容：

Back to contents defense-aerospace.com
Germany’s Leopard 2 Remains the World’s Best Tank
(Source : Forecast International/DMS ; issued Jan. 8, 2001)

NEWTOWN, Connecticut---The Pentagon’s gas turbine-powered M1 Abrams may be the first tank that comes to the minds of most Americans, but overall, Germany’s Leopard 2 is the world’s best.

In a new analysis of the world tank market, Forecast International/DMS finds that, based on an overall comparison in terms of lethality, fightability, mobility and survivability, the Leopard 2A6EX comes out on top. The annual tank analysis and ranking, the only one of its type available from open sources, is a product of Forecast International’s Weapon Group.

Although the Leopard 2A6EX ranked above the M1 Abrams (in the A2 System Enhancement Package model), the gap between the two tanks remains exceedingly small. In this year’s survey, the deciding factor was the Leopard 2’s 55-caliber version of the Rh 120 tank cannon and the formidable DM 53 long rod penetrating ammunition. The Abrams is slated to receive the same cannon, but not for several years.

New and improved fire control components, the addition of an auxiliary power unit, as well as overall performance helped push the Leopard 2 A6EX ahead of the M1A2 System Enhancement Package model in Forecast International’s latest ranking. Even so, the M1A2 System Enhancement Package, which is bringing all M1 tanks to a single improved level, represents a major enhancement to the Abrams’ already formidable proven fighting ability. Indeed, based on its superior performance during the Persian Gulf War, the Abrams stands at the head of the ranking in terms of combat performance.

In addition, the vacillating Russians aside, the M1 is still the only tank in production that firmly uses a vehicular gas turbine as its prime mover. The U.S. Army recently selected the General Electric LV-100 vehicular gas turbine to re-power the Abrams.

Coming in at third place in the rankings is Japan’s highly sophisticated Type 90, an amalgamation of German tank technology and Japanese expertise in advanced electronics. The Type 90 is followed by the Leclerc of France and the United Kingdom’s Challenger 2, both in their latest versions.

Making a significant rise in the rankings this year is Israel’s Merkava in the latest Mark III Baz model. Contributing to this rise in the standings is the enhanced armor protection and greatly improved fire control components of this latest version of the Merkava.

The latest analysis and ranking again has the omnipresent Russian tanks falling short of their Western counterparts, despite some recent major improvements as well as the continued lead by the Russians in active defense systems.

Forecast International/DMS Inc., is the worlds leading provider of Market Intelligence and Analyses in the areas of aerospace, defense, power systems and military electronics. Based in Newtown, CT, USA, Forecast International specializes in long-range industry forecasts and is renowned for innovative marketing presentations, including regular 10-year forecasts.

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小滬尾 　於　2001/02/15 23:04
發表內容：

順手牽羊

發表主題：讀完本文章你會發現......M1.... 怪物....
留言時間：2001/02/15 22:11:23，發言者來自：61.13.203.24
發言者稱呼：EVANGELION
發國家或地區：台灣(高雄)
留言：
美國的M1戰車曾經發生過一件很神奇的事.
當時巴里.麥卡佛瑞將軍的第24機械化步兵師在進功幼發拉底河的時後,當時下
著大雨,一輛M1陷在一處泥洞裡,進退不得,部隊其餘的戰車繼續向前推進,把那
輛陷在泥洞裡的M1留下,這時忽然跑出三輛伊拉克的T-72,並對這輛受困無法動彈
的M1功擊,但是M1毫髮無傷,被這三架T-72戰車輪番的用主砲功擊就只有打凹了M1
的前鋼板,而且其中兩輛T-72被M1用主砲回擊,一一被幹掉,剩下最後一輛的T-72,
看狀況不對,跑到一個小沙丘後頭,尋求掩護,這時M1用熱影像瞄準儀,把T-72給找
出來,T-72的引擎廢熱氣從沙丘後升起,M1就立刻賞一發過去,砲彈穿過沙丘連帶
T-72一並擊毀,這時另外一支部隊趕到,也試著把這輛M1拖出,但還是不行,上級只
好放棄,令命其它M1對其開砲,將之擊悔,但頭兩發都還是毫無損傷,第三發時由於
因角度正確把砲塔外鋼板射穿,並引爆砲塔內的彈藥,起火燃燒,但立即被戰車內的
防火系統給撲滅,車內的電子零件都沒損壞,後來那一輛M1被後續趕到的M88給合力
拖出,帶回去修理,更新砲塔後,又再戰場上奔馳了......
這篇文章選自裝甲騎兵團之旅,是小弟我最近在高雄書展買到的....
做者是湯姆.克蘭西,從本文可以發現,M1真是個怪物......

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小滬尾 　於　2001/02/15 23:06
發表內容：

順手牽羊

發表主題：Re:小邱
留言時間：2001/02/15 22:33:10，發言者來自：168.95.104.20
發言者稱呼：Skywalker
發國家或地區：REPUBLIC OF CHINA
留言：
假設在無攻擊直昇機的支援作戰情形下，戰車部隊(操作俄、英、法式任一種戰車)要如何對付M-1A2？擊毀M-1A2艾步蘭戰車需要使用何種武器？

發表主題：Re:Skywalker大哥
留言時間：2001/02/15 23:09:53，發言者來自：163.32.133.189
發言者稱呼：小邱
發國家或地區：ROC 高雄
留言：
嗯 您的意思是指跟M1A2打PK嘛.....任意一款喔 有個辦法 除非好死不死打到M1A2的砲塔環(砲彈不小心滑進去引爆) 要不就是像當初波灣戰爭 T-72M1從正後方偷襲 就會造成M1A2損害(但是人員會沒事 當初M1A1不就被轟掉兩架ㄇ?) 要毀損它 如要從後方 其戰車炮要105mm以上的翼穩脫殼穿甲彈(105mm不見得可以 要靠運氣) 如要從正面 大概只有140mm翼穩脫殼穿甲彈或是120mm衰變鈾彈頭的穿甲彈和120mm軟頭高爆彈(這個是用來爆破裝甲使破片在車內飛散 殺傷成員)吧(後面這兩項小弟也不很有把握) 還有一個方法 要夠準 同時幾發120mm炮針對一個點附近打
嗯 陸上喔 小弟想過它如果跟挑戰者2式 馳車式 雷克勒對戰的後果 大概雙方輕重彈藥打完 還沒分出勝負 各自收兵 回到家裡 吃泡麵 看電視 顧小孩 被老婆罵......^^
p.s 該不會要叫密蘇里號來岸轟才有用吧(406mm高爆彈)
p.s 對了 地獄火跟拖式2B可以 因為地獄火曾有誤擊M1A1導致其受損的紀錄

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小滬尾 　於　2001/02/15 23:07
發表內容：

順手牽羊

順手牽羊

發表主題：已服役或即將服役，可以先行擊破M-1A2的傳統反裝甲武器
留言時間：2001/02/15 23:53:01，發言者來自：140.116.36.214
發言者稱呼：toga
發國家或地區：ROC
留言：
戰車炮方面：
140mm戰車炮（肯定可以先行擊破M-1A2） ：
A. 其APFSDS彈的動能約為今日的120mm炮的APFSDS的2.5至3倍以上，在下相信其絕對足以摧毀現今任何型式的戰車裝甲。
B. 研發國：美，德，英，法，以色列，瑞士
C. 即將裝備的戰車：馳車四型（以），雷克勒二型（據稱可攜帶35發140mm炮炮彈）

俄制135mm炮（應可先行擊破M-1A2）：
預定配備於最新研發的黑鷹戰車上。

德國55倍徑120mm炮 + DM53 APFSDS（應可先行擊破M-1A2）：
至少用在豹二A6時，在火力明顯領先，防禦力相當或略佳，射控精度相當的情況下，豹二A6應可先行擊破M1A2

反裝甲飛彈：
1. 超高音速反裝甲火箭／飛彈（應可擊破）
老美研發中，預定在2010年左右正式成軍，取代托式的重型車載反裝甲飛彈，最高時速達五至六馬赫。

2. 戰鬥直昇機／定翼機所攜帶的重型反裝甲飛彈
例如老美的地獄火，老英的硫磺機載反裝甲飛彈，老俄的旋風式反裝甲飛彈以及歐洲的TRIGAT-LR等。

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toga 　於　2001/02/16 00:17
發表內容：

在下十分鐘前才在全防網站完成的文章，十分鐘後便在本版出現？小滬尾版主的行動效率，委實令人讚賞......在下來貴寶地不久，深深的覺得此地對文章品質管制的不錯，不似全防網站，如今已淪為髒話大賽的比賽場，兩岸網友比正統，比文化優劣，比誰的品種好，比誰會吹牛，比誰罵人狠......比來比去，論武反而放到一旁涼快，實在是讓一心想論武的在下深感挫折﹔看著對岸網友以極其粗暴惡劣的三字經，肆無忌憚且毫無理性的侮辱我方國防自主成就，卻遲遲不見全防網管前來清場，更是教在下灰心....要不是對貴網站的連結常有問題，在下真的打算從今以後，將論武重心改放在本版。

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小滬尾 　於　2001/02/16 01:24
發表內容：

兄﹐過獎了
小弟只是剛好沒事﹐就去全防挖寶﹐就怕以後太忙﹐不過小弟會想辦法。
至於連結問題﹐實在不好意思﹐小弟會去反應﹐另外﹐本版連結可試這條
http://taiwantp.hispeed.com/cgi-bin/cgiwrap/taiwantp/roadbbs.pl?board_id=5
比較沒有問題。

至於網管的工作﹐小弟曾目擊很多軍武版的興衰﹐其中有些正是網管的問題﹐所以
小弟也在盡力﹐不過這也要謝謝來自各方朋友的賞光﹐即使意見﹐意識不同﹐還能
保持相當風度。

其實﹐t兄幾位在全防的風範令大家佩服﹐就算全防網管打混﹐對於一些沒品的回應﹐
還是保持不卑不亢的態度﹐一些髒話就不要管牠﹐全防的品質還是得靠諸位﹐當然﹐也
希望一些很生氣的朋友看開些﹐不用浪費時間在那些東西上。

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小滬尾 　於　2001/02/16 01:26
發表內容：

sorry,
是t兄

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小滬尾 　於　2001/02/16 01:28
發表內容：

還有﹐各位大德的光臨正是小弟的榮幸﹗

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Skywalker 　於　2001/02/16 09:26
發表內容：

Toga兄
在下目前已將小滬尾兄經營的網站列為上網後首要拜訪目標！全防網站討論區目前實在很混亂，而其資管人員採放任式。且在下又不是全防網管，看此亂像有點無奈！

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小滬尾 　於　2001/02/16 09:42
發表內容：

天行兄
您給小弟做的面子有夠大﹐非常謝謝﹗^_^
全防的亂象也令人生厭﹐原則上﹐對瘋子不要理牠﹐久了就好﹗

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Virge 　於　2001/02/16 10:37
發表內容：

我也來了!!!!!
全防那裡真是.................!!!!!

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Virge 　於　2001/02/16 10:48
發表內容：

小滬尾兄的論壇真的是一個令人舒服好地方，相信會有越來越多對軍武有興趣的同好們會支持這個論壇的。

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小邱 　於　2001/02/16 10:53
發表內容：

ㄚ 連Virge大哥也來啦
小滬尾大哥所經營的論壇真的不錯
起碼不用像在全防那裡看到一大堆的英文口水滿天飛
還有某位愛國的仁兄嚷著要進攻大陸..................
回到軍武議題 M1A2沒有用55倍徑炮ㄇ?不是之前聽說要換了...

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Virge 　於　2001/02/16 11:00
發表內容：

聽說美國陸軍買了三門 萊茵金屬的 L/55 回去試驗，結果就不知道了。

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小滬尾 　於　2001/02/16 11:38
發表內容：

Virge兄﹐久仰﹐久仰﹐歡迎光臨
承蒙各位繆讚﹐小弟要是如猴子般有個尾巴﹐定翹得老高的說﹗
本版有任何不周之處﹐還請建議﹗
各位的光臨﹐是小弟的榮幸。
個人的知識有限﹐還謝謝各位的鴻文﹐真的學到不少﹗

作揖

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Virge 　於　2001/02/16 13:35
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小滬尾兄談久仰小弟實在不敢當；以後要常來叨擾，有不是之處還請海涵。
我也作揖
萊茵金屬的 L/55 坦克炮預計在今年(2001)交予德陸軍34門，(2000年為4門)，2002年47門，2003年70門，而西班牙陸軍的豹二也已擇定 L/55 為其主炮，依此看來初始萊茵金屬的產能可能難以支持如此的需求量，短期內美軍的 M1A2 若要換 L/55 坦克炮可能會如 M-256 般 (L/44 炮管加美國的炮閂) 以 L/55 炮管加上美國自行開發的炮閂為之，成為 M-XXX ?

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小滬尾 　於　2001/02/16 21:08
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Virge兄﹐好說﹐
一切就請隨意。

小弟對坦克不是很有研究﹐適才看到老兄提及萊茵金屬的 L/55 坦克炮﹐認為初始
萊茵金屬的產能可能難以支持如此的需求量(約155門)，個人能了解﹐坦克炮的製造
難度頗高﹐不過目前這個數目令小弟嚇了一跳﹐想請問通常萊茵金屬的年產量為多
少﹖

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Skywalker 　於　2001/02/16 23:48
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經過Skywalker兄一再的推薦，小弟才知道有這個網站，目前看來可說是國內最有秩序的軍武網站，感謝小滬尾兄的一番苦心，努力經營。
不知道台灣有沒有可能向萊茵金屬購買戰車砲，雖然台灣沒有適合的載具，但小弟認為萊茵的L55戰車砲的威力與體積也很適合戰車驅逐車，不但總成本成本比主戰車低，適合大量部署，也適合要地防守，雖然主動性不若擁有砲塔的主戰車，但應該可以擁有較佳的正面裝甲防護與較大的載彈量，說不定還可以載些步兵，嘿嘿！擔任側防的警戒。
小弟認為理想的構型應該是比M113稍矮的車身，不論是前方以砲盾置砲，或是發展頂部緊致無人砲塔自動裝填裝置，都是可以考慮的方式。加強正面和側面前半部的裝甲防護力，應該就已足夠。後段的空間就可以符合網友多用途的需求，如防空飛彈，小型迫砲，甚至雷達等只要您想的到也裝的下的裝備，都可以發展其衍生型，不知各位網友意下如何？雖然可能會破壞網友心中威猛或優美的主戰車形象，但沒有人會認為驅逐戰車是侵略性的攻擊武器，說不定在採購與發展上較不易受到阻礙，小弟認為只要火力與防護力不遜於主戰車，長得醜些又有什麼關係呢！乾脆就取名"疣豬"好了，與A-10一別苗頭，嘿嘿!

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toga 　於　2001/02/17 21:47
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小弟對坦克不是很有研究﹐適才看到老兄提及萊茵金屬的 L/55 坦克炮﹐認為初始萊茵金屬的產能可能難以支持如此的需求量(約155門)，個人能了解﹐坦克炮的製造難度頗高﹐不過目前這個數目令小弟嚇了一跳﹐想請問通常萊茵金屬的年產量為多少﹖
在下認為，未來數年間預定換裝55倍徑炮的豹二系列，大概至少有下列諸國：
1.德國225輛豹二A5/A6改型
2.西班牙200餘輛豹二A6
3.瑞典300~400輛間的Stv-122
依照目前狀況來看，美歐聯合研發的140mm戰車炮已經接近研發完成，且由於老俄新近研發，47噸級，配備135mm主炮，整體戰力號稱為西方現今最新銳戰車1.5~1.7倍的BLACK EAGLE目前已經進入初期量產階段，為了因應這個不論軍事威脅或軍火市場上都是極為強勁的對手，140mm戰車炮勢必在未來5~10年間全面配備於至少德、美、法、以等國的主力戰車上以資抗衡，因此55倍徑120mm炮應屬過渡時期的產品，在未來5~10年間搭配於這600~800輛豹二改系列上；至於老美與德國是否會全面採用55倍徑炮於其MBT上？除非140mm炮發展失敗，否則在下認為其可能性不高。

自七○年代末期以來，豹二於二十多年間已有四千餘輛的訂單；扣除尚在生產中以及授權國外生產的數量後，德國豹二的每年平均量產數量至少也總該有100~150輛左右吧！？一輛戰車一主炮，以目前L55的產量數據來看，萊茵公司足可應付裕如。

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toga 　於　2001/02/17 22:10
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44倍徑120mm滑膛炮（西方目前標準主力戰車炮）
炮口初速：1650m/sec；APFSDS動能：10MJ
52倍徑法製120mm滑膛炮（雷克勒主力戰車）
炮口初速：1750~1800m/sec；APFSDS動能：11~12MJ（個人估計）

55倍徑德製120mm滑膛炮（豹二A6主力戰車）
炮口初速：1750m/sec
APFSDS動能：11.5MJ（標準APFSDS）；13MJ（DM53）....資料來源：Virge兄

140mm滑膛炮
研發國家：
1.美、德、英、法聯合研發
2.以色列
3.瑞士

炮口初速：2000~2200m/sec
APFSDS彈彈芯質量：120mmAPFSDS的1.5~2倍（個人研判）
APFSDS動能：25~40MJ

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a8391 　於　2001/02/18 22:54
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其實戰車本身有它本身缺點,在下曾面對MBT當時是M-48(兩輛)
在愚兄運用算是不錯戰術還是把它給解決,以M-151的106mm
無後座力炮.
戰車本身有很多缺點,例如在沒有步兵伴隨下是非常危險,而且
對支援單位需求相當大,如(油,彈)
再則車體重,視野小,都是其缺點,(如巷戰)
M-1A2雖然是很好戰車畢竟是人為操作,
5年後或許就會對它令有一番評價!

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Virge 　於　2001/02/19 10:08
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Re: 小滬尾兄:
萊茵金屬的 L/55 坦克炮實際產能我並不清礎，不過由豹二在1982時"年生產量"己達300輛的情況來看，其生產 L/44 (Rh-120) 坦克炮的能力在1982年時便己在 300 門/年 以上才是(由於後續並未有更大的年需求量，故依此粗估其最大產能應接近於此)；同理，裝備 M-256 坦克炮的 M1A1 在 1987年五月~1991年四月總共生產 3299 輛，故美國生產 M-256 坦克炮的能力在 825 門/年 以上。
德陸軍早期的1800輛豹二共分五批生產，第一批 380輛於1979年開始生產，第二批450輛，1981年開始生產，第三批300輛，1983年開始生產，第四批300輛，1984年開始生產，第五批370輛，1985年開始生產，另1987年追加了150輛，於1988年一月開始交貨。

L/44 (Rh-120)粗略各項:

炮徑 : 120 mm
炮管長 : 5.3 M (電渣重熔鋼，炮膛內面鍍鉻硬化)
炮管重 : 1315 Kg
炮管壽命 : 600 發 (DM-13)
設計膛壓 : 710 MPa
使用膛壓 : 500 MPa (5500 Kgf / cm 2)
帶防護盾總重 : 4290 Kg (未含防護盾重 3100 Kg)
最大後作用距離 : 370 mm
一般後作用距離 : 340 mm
主彈種 : DM-13 (炮口初速 1650 m/s，最大有效射 3500 M)

美國 M-256 坦克炮採用其炮管，但採用美國設計之立楔式炮閂，安裝了熱護套和大的圓形抽氣裝置﹐炮口校准裝置改用更加安全的鎖緊螺栓固定。(主彈種 M-829)

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Virge 　於　2001/02/19 15:11
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Re: Toga 兄
......55倍徑德製120mm滑膛炮（豹二A6主力戰車）
......炮口初速：1750m/sec
>>>APFSDS動能：11.5MJ（標準APFSDS）；13MJ（DM53）....資料來源：Virge兄

剛剛看了 Toga 兄所 LIST 的資料，其中以 L/55 發射標準APFSDS(DM13)時的動能為 11.5 MJ 應為以 L/44 發射 DM53時的數據，(若以 L/55 發射 DM13 應只有 11.3 MJ)，不知是否為我以前所貼的資料有誤?

事實上已在德國陸軍服役的 APFSDS-T ("曳光"脫殼翼穩穿甲彈) 有 DM13、DM23、DM33，它們應都是標準彈，美軍的M256所用的彈種則為 M829、M829/A1、M829/A2，其中M829/A2 的炮口能量亦約為11.3MJ，美軍計劃以電熱化學能方式(ETC-Electrothermal-Chemical)
將120 mm 坦克炮的炮口能量提高至 17MJ，(此炮之編號為 XM291)，此計劃的最終目的是要將120 mm 坦克炮的炮口能量提高至25~30 MJ，炮彈在炮口的初速為 2500 m/s，射程提升至 4000 m。

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EVANGELION 　於　2001/02/19 21:20
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呵呵~我的文章也被小滬尾偷拿來貼啦阿~呵呵~
全防的確太爛了,小弟我也在考慮以後要不要就來這裡就行了~
全防太亂了~

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Skywalker 　於　2001/02/19 21:46
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EVANGELION小弟
你終於知道全防的討論區有多亂，來此地請記住版主的原則。

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Virge 　於　2001/02/20 10:55
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貼圖對系統會不會造成很大的負擔?
M829...剖視

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小滬尾 　於　2001/02/20 12:19
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EVANGELION兄﹐您好﹐歡迎光臨
還請原諒小弟順手牽羊的行為﹐老兄的光臨是小弟的榮幸﹗
a8391兄﹐歡迎大駕光臨

toga兄﹐Virge 兄﹐謝謝解說。

剛剛看了 Toga 兄所 LIST 的資料，其中以 L/55 發射標準APFSDS(DM13)時的動能為 11.5 MJ 應為以 L/44 發射 DM53時的數據，(若以 L/55 發射 DM13 應只有 11.3 MJ)，不知是否為我以前所貼的資料有誤?
A:在全防的原文已被刪除多時，也許是在下記憶有誤吧......
事實上已在德國陸軍服役的 APFSDS-T ("曳光"脫殼翼穩穿甲彈) 有 DM13、DM23、DM33，它們應都是標準彈，美軍的M256所用的彈種則為 M829、M829/A1、M829/A2，其中M829/A2 的炮口能量亦約為11.3MJ，美軍計劃以電熱化學能方式(ETC-Electrothermal-Chemical)將120 mm 坦克炮的炮口能量提高至 17MJ(此炮之編號為 XM291)
A:果真如此，那55倍徑炮根本無引進的必要了.....不過電熱炮的最大問題-->高能量密度的電力來源不是還有待解決嗎？總不能一開炮就耗盡電力，讓全車徹底停擺吧？

此計劃的最終目的是要將120 mm 坦克炮的炮口能量提高至25~30 MJ，炮彈在炮口的初速為 2500 m/s，射程提升至 4000 m。
A:若真能達到這個境界，140mm戰車炮便根本沒有發展的必要了﹔和140mm APFSDS彈相較，終極型120mm電熱炮的APFSDS彈穿甲動能與其相當，攜彈數又較多，甚至對西方人而言，還可避免採用精密複雜的自動填裝系統，可謂好處多多......可是最近也有研究討論會顯示：直到2020年以前，電熱化學炮所能產生的初速與動能是無法超過140mm固體火藥戰車炮的。因此該計畫最終目標能於何時實現？能否及時成為西方MBT的下一代（2005~2025）主戰兵器？在下都深感懷疑﹔就目前狀況來看，西方新一代的主力戰車炮還是非140mm固體火藥戰車炮莫屬。

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Virge 　於　2001/02/20 12:54
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>>>因此該計畫最終目標能於何時實現？能否及時成為西方MBT的下一代（2005~2025）主戰兵器？在下都深感懷疑﹔
就看 "造化" 了；很多新武器在初期看來都沒有什麼未來的!

>>>就目前狀況來看，西方新一代的主力戰車炮還是非140mm固體火藥戰車炮莫屬。

我亦同意 Toga 兄的看法。

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小邱 　於　2001/02/22 15:22
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相信第四代主戰車還是以140mm或是135mm為主啦
電能炮也就美國在發展吧
不過聽說電磁裝甲的技術超前電能炮比較多喔 研發者就是英國 覺不覺得我們越來越向外星人了

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toga 　於　2001/02/22 16:31
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許多先進國家都在研發電能炮（電磁炮與電熱炮），在下所聽聞過正在研發的國家便有：美，俄，英，德，法，以色列，中國大陸等等....電力炮是革命性的武器，在反裝甲，超高速反艦／巡航飛彈反制甚至彈道飛彈防禦／太空戰爭等方面的潛力無窮，所以世間的軍事大國莫不戮力從事研發工作，老美也許是其中的佼佼者，但絕對不是唯一從事研發的國家。

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toga 　於　2001/03/10 12:31
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主力戰車界的冠軍：豹二Ａ６的最新消息
(Source : Krauss Maffei Wegmann ; issued March 7, 2001)

The first of a contracted number of 225 Leopard 2 A6 main battle tanks (first batch) [was] handed over to the German Army at a roll-out ceremony at Krauss-Maffei Wegmann in Munich on 7 March 2001.

The new 120 mm L55 main armament and the new upgraded ammunition LKE 2 DM 53 developed in parallel by Rheinmetall will further enhance the enormous fire power of the Leopard 2 in the future, this being achieved without using depleted uranium (DU) ammunition.

The event marks a further step towards upgrading the international Leopard 2 fleet.

Krauss-Maffei Wegmann recently also signed a contract with the Kingdom of the Netherlands covering the A6 modernization of 180 Leopard 2 main battle tanks.

The configuration of the Leopard 2 A6 MBTs in the Netherlands will thus in future be the same as in Germany.

簡而言之：

1.首輛世界冠軍的主力戰車已於2001/03/07登場。

2.老德對其最新主力戰車無須使用衰變鈾（裝甲／穿甲彈）仍能穩居世界第一寶座感到得意萬分。

3.目前豹二Ａ６的訂單計有：德國（225輛），荷蘭（180輛）

剛剛瀏覽椰林風情軍武板精華區，觀賞過FLAK前輩於99年3月份的一篇有關戰車炮未來發展的大作後，才發現先前在下先前對未來戰車炮發展的陳述有可能大錯特錯，特此亡羊補牢如下：
1.由於炮彈過大過重，美英兩國已經放棄發展140MM固體火藥炮，不過文中倒未提起法國與以色列是否也一同跟進放棄發展，然而考量後勤共通因素的話，美英兩大客戶拒用的戰車炮，其生機恐怕極為渺茫。

2.戰車用電磁炮與純電能推進的電熱炮，在實用化過程中都有現今科技無法克服的困難障礙，因此均已取消發展。

3.目前唯一殘存的明日戰車炮希望是固態電熱化學砲，美、法、德三國都投入研究，該砲還是靠固態裝藥提供主要動能，但電極會產生電漿噴射提供額外的動能 使120MM戰車炮炮口初速由2000M/s提高到2500M/s，美國方面是希望能以每發不超過1MJ的電能提高120砲口初速達40％，如此將能使120MM戰車炮發射APFSDS彈的穿甲動能由今日的10~13MJ提高至25MJ左右；不過目前最大的難題是在於電容充電的問題，FLAK前輩指出，即使拿10KW發電機來充，要充1MJ的電也要100秒，雙方開火後需要100秒充電時間，這簡直是倒退至火繩槍時代。

看來下一代戰車炮開始服役的時間，可能要從在下先前預估的2005至2010年間，延後至2015~2020年，甚至更晚以後了。

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Virge 　於　2001/03/12 17:30
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德國豹二的作戰性能從90年代開始分三階段進行改進計劃：
第一階段在1995∼1998推出了提高防護水準、首發命中率和增強可指揮性的豹二A5型；
第二階段在1997年∼2001年實施，豹二A6:採用L/55 120mm 滑膛炮；
第三階段預定從2008年開始，改進的重點是使用140毫米炮、雙人炮塔、自動裝彈機和綜合指揮與資訊系統。

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toga 　於　2001/03/12 18:16
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看來140mm炮的未來到也不是全無指望......
就目前發展趨勢看來，2010~2025年間西方主力戰車發展有可能一分為二：
美英系：
35~40噸車重，超低車身無砲塔自動填裝設計，綜合指揮與資訊系統，使用120mm固態電熱化學炮系統，全新型態裝甲防護（電磁裝甲？），電力引擎系統動力（？）利於快速運輸與及時投入戰場，在下估計約於2015~2020年左右開始服役。

德法以系：
55~70噸重，雙人砲塔自動填裝設計，綜合指揮與資訊系統，使用140mm固體火藥戰車砲系統，模組化複合裝甲強化＋多層式反應裝甲防護，1500~2000匹級燃氣／柴油引擎動力系統，強炮厚甲大功率引擎戰車的終極型態，就目前各方資訊研判，在下估計其約可在2005~2010年間成軍服役。

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toga 　於　2001/03/13 16:32
發表內容：

個人估計，至少10至15年以內，德國的裝甲戰車工業會在國際軍火市場上風光個好一陣子；旗下的兩大產品：豹二A6主力戰車與PZH 2000 155mm自走炮系統，在目前而言，都是同類已服役產品的佼佼者；在豹二A6方面，目前其火力、裝甲防護以及射控精度方面都要較同級競爭者：美國M1A2與法國的雷克勒更勝一籌，而價格卻比雷克勒明顯為低，與M1A2相差無幾（甚至略低）；如其真能照Virge兄之前貼文的說法繼續改良下去的話，恐怕到了2015~2020年間，理論上構想中的35~40噸級美英新一代主力戰車服役時，除了車體過重，不利快速運輸部屬之外（也只有動輒出兵海外的老美老英才必須特別注重此方面的能力....），豹二終極改良型的其他性能指標，以及在大平原上的作戰能力與其相較，恐怕也是不惶多讓，且在技術成熟可靠度以及價格方面說不定更享有優勢。
至於在PZH-2000自走炮系統方面，目前其為世上性能最為優異的自走炮系統，整體性能明顯優於M-109A6，並較英製的AS-90與法製的AFU2更勝一籌；而唯一能較其略勝一籌的自走炮系統，老美的十字軍式自走炮系統，卻因為先前過於追求講究尚未成熟的時髦科技：液體火藥炮系統，結果該系統不幸發展失敗，導致了整個計畫的延遲，光是在美國開始入役的時間已被延遲至2006年以後，至於要在他國服役，則恐怕是2010年以後的事情了......在這八至十年的間隔中，整體性能唯我獨尊的PZH-2000可說是有極佳的機會，成為世界各國M109系列的後繼者，在國際軍火市場上打下大片江山。

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toga 　於　2001/04/16 17:16
Re : 新世代主力戰車排行榜

英國新世紀輕型高機動主力戰車最新近況：
中國時報 2001/4/15

二十世紀戰爭裡，馳騁疆場的重型坦克即將在現代戰爭中除役。發明重型坦克，並首將坦克用於一次世界大戰的英國，已發展出另類型的輕巧坦克。新坦克由塑膠製成，其火力和防護力均佳，並可空運。

A:電磁裝甲已經不知所終了.....

重型坦克在一九一六年由英國發明，並引用於著名的桑姆戰役上。近九十年來，重型坦克始終是陸海戰場上的大型殺手。二次大戰時，交戰各造均大量建造更重更大的坦克，一九四一年，德國進攻俄國，雙方共出動了五千輛重型坦克，為戰爭史上最慘烈的坦克大戰。直到一九八○年坦克仍是北約盟軍地面戰爭的主要軍備。

如今，這些重型坦克的輝煌紀錄，隨著英國決定採用另一種以輕型塑料製造，
具隱形技術，不受雷達波檢驗，同時可以抵擋耗乏鈾穿甲彈的新坦克後成為歷史。

A:20噸級的塑膠車身竟可抵擋耗乏鈾穿甲彈一擊？還兼具隱形能力？剛彈的時代終於來臨了......

英國現存的三百八十六輛「挑戰者二型」坦克，每輛造價四百萬英鎊，預定在
公元二○二五年完全由新型坦克取代。新型坦克只有廿噸重，坦克內的組員也由四人減少為兩人。除了英國外，美國和瑞典也都準備更新其重型坦克設備。

A:20噸....比在下先前看到的描述資訊還輕上許多，防禦力等級卻絲毫無損...繼老美之後，老英也開始和外星人結盟了嗎？

不過，堅信坦克仍是反坦克戰最佳武器的軍事專家，對此型可以空運的輕型坦
克則抱持質疑態度，強調在某些戰爭任務中，重型坦克依然是因地制宜，不可取代的軍事裝備。

A:若老英的新行頭真有如此剛彈般的威力的話，重型戰車是可以進入博物館了....

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toga 　於　2001/04/25 11:43
Re : 新世代主力戰車排行榜

椰林消息：十字軍自走炮不符合老美未來海空武力投射為主的作戰方針，面臨取消研發的處境（美國陸軍力保，但小布希政府已經言明不支持其繼續發展下去。）
很明顯的，老美打算將世界各國M-109自走炮後繼者採購案的大筆訂單拱手讓給老德的PzH-2000了..........

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小邱 　於　2001/04/25 13:04
Re : 新世代主力戰車排行榜

但是十字軍自走炮的研發不是已經到了快要完成的階段ㄇ 小弟記得其使用的彈藥依照設計圖而做出來了 原型車也進行試驗了 怎麼就這樣停了ㄋ?

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toga 　於　2001/09/09 02:13
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

法國GIAT公司對雷克勒戰車外銷的看法與觀點......
The current tender in Turkey

--Giat Industries, with its Turkish partner ROKETSAN still remains in the competition regarding the Turkish call for tenders. This competition concerns the first batch of 256 MBTs out of a global programme of 1000 MBTs. Contrary to what might have been written, Giat Industries was not excluded from this competition following the French Parliament's vote in January 2001 on the law condemning the Armenian genocide of 1915. Moreover, the service provided by Giat Industries in the execution of the Dragar contract is highly appreciated by the local decision-makers. This could contribute to a decision being taken in our favour.

--The Leclerc tests in Turkey in 2000 demonstrated its superiority over its American and German competitors. But the serious financial and political crisis which Turkey is currently experiencing will probably lead to the postponement of this important programme.

A:在土耳其競標方面，雷克勒戰車仍在和M-1A2與豹二A5/A6繼續競爭土耳其預計千餘輛新型MBT採購案中的首批256輛，並且在土耳其實地測試中，整體性能表現壓倒來自美德的競爭者【總算是對得起“現今世上唯一第四代MBT”的名號了....】，獲勝希望頗濃；然而目前最大的隱憂在於土耳其目前的政治與財政危機，有可能使整個計畫生變。

The current tender in Saudi Arabia

--Following the brilliant success of tests run in Saudi Arabia in 1995 and 1997, several tenders have been submitted to Saudi authorities to equip the Armour with Leclerc tanks as a replacement for the AMX30s. A decision in our favour by the Saudi authorities would demonstrate the quality of our equipment. It would be in line with their permanent concern to have a dual source of supply at their disposal. But it would be risky to fix a timescale for the time being.

--Furthermore, no purchase agreement for 150 Leclerc tanks was on the point of being signed in 1996, contrary to what may have been said.

A:雷克勒戰車在1995~1997年間於沙烏地阿拉伯測試時有著傑出表現，有可能被選用來取代沙國現役的AMX-30B2，和M-1A2一同並肩作戰，不過截至目前為止，GIAT的如意算盤尚未成真。

The current tender in Greece

--Giat Industries, like its German, English, American and Ukranian competitors submitted a tender at the beginning of 2001 for the supply of 246 MBTs and 24 ARVs. The sheer financial weight of such a purchasing programme has led to certain hesitations on the Greek side. In mid-May 2001, the Greek government confirmed the priority of this programme while deciding at the same time to postpone the purchasing programme for Eurofighter combat aircraft.

--It is likely that the Greek authorities will put out a request for new tenders, considering the country's economic difficulties.

A:由於經濟困難，希臘MBT採購案結果為何至今仍是撲朔迷離.....【不過由於希、土兩國是世仇，因此據聞兩國均已事先言明，將不會採購同一款式的新世代主力戰車。】

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小邱 　於　2001/09/09 12:16
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

在看過最新一期全防雜誌與綜合網上網友們的看法觀點後，個人做出對未來10~15年間各國MBT的“九品戰車法”：
上上者：豹三（？）、雷克勒II型、M-1A3、馳車四型

（配備140mm自動裝填化固體火藥戰車炮或是電熱／固體火藥混合炮，先進強化／模組化複合裝甲＋多層式反應裝甲，新型1500~2000匹馬力級數引擎，精進型射控／聯合網路作戰系統，主動反制設備....）

上中者：黑鷹式／T-95、豹二A6、雷克勒

（配備135mm炮或120mm炮加長型＋新型APFSDS彈、強化／模組化複合裝甲＋／–多層式反應裝甲與主動反制設備，1500匹馬力級引擎、精進型射控／聯合網路作戰系統）

上下者：M-1A2原裝版、90式戰車

中上者：M-1A2減裝版、挑戰者二型、馳車三型、、T-90／T-80U

中中者：M-1A1、九八式戰車、K-1A2

中下者：公羊式C-1戰車、M-60M1混血戰車、九六式戰車、八五式三型、T-80／T-72後期型

下上者：M-1、K-1、T-64／T-72中期型

下中者：M-60A3、八○式戰車、勇虎式戰車、豹IA5等等、T-72早期型.........

下下者：廣泛分布在第三世界國家的各式老古董

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小邱 　於　2001/11/10 17:12
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

toga大哥
那麼M1A2SEP是要歸在原裝版還是獨立出來較好?
老以的馳車四式看來是上上級最早問世的...我記得上次在雜誌上已看到其實車照片
但是還要再翻翻 我忘了在第幾期看見的...........
對了 K1A2出來了ㄇ?到K1A1而已吧...下一代南韓主戰車已經跟現代公司簽訂備忘錄 暫時定名為K2

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toga 　於　2001/11/10 17:35
Re:小邱君

1. Sorry, 一時不察，打錯字也。
2. 如果閣下真的看到馳車IV型相關消息的話，煩請來文說明其最後所採用的主炮口徑究竟為何，就在下所知，其確實是有換裝140mm炮的計畫，可是後來又好像中途變卦，到底真相如何，有勞閣下了............thanks。（如果不是140的話，馳車四的地位等級可能得向下修正才成）

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BWS 　於　2001/11/10 18:08
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

對了
忘了在某本雜誌上看過一張德國未來戰車的
實體模型
整體構型小於現在豹二
有沒有人知道其後續發展情形??

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toga 　於　2001/11/10 19:49
Re:BWS君

幾年前在下所聽到的最後消息是：
有關豹二的後繼戰車（豹三）之全面研發工作已經宣告暫停，改以進行新世紀戰車所需各項新型技術的可行性檢討與研發；由於蘇聯帝國已經分崩離析，雄居世界主力戰車排行榜No.1以達二十餘年之久的豹二在一系列的升級改進之後仍是獨孤求敗，因此豹三的研發對兩德合併之後經濟問題重重的的德國就顯得不是這麼必要了；依照目前的狀況來看，至少未來25到30年之內，德國陸軍仍將靠著不斷修改升級，引入新科技的豹二獨挑大樑。
現在想想：在下先前在分類文中引用豹三一詞實屬不當，在下指得是可能使用140mm固體戰車炮的豹二大幅改良型，在尚未能確定其型號前，或許暫時稱之為“超級豹二”較為妥貼些。

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T.A.K.U. 　於　2001/11/11 03:44
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

IF NEXT GENERATION TANK INCREASES IT'S WEIGHT TO 70 TON.
這些瀕臨70噸的戰車都不算是下一代戰車，只能說是這世代戰車的終極改良型，而他們的真正重量其實距70噸也還有一段距離（M-1A2:63tons，豹二A6：62tons，雷克勒：54tons）。

真正劃時代的新世代戰車的重量將在40噸級以下，甚至在20~30噸之間（例如英美最新的新世代ＭＢＴ概念），可是其裝甲防護力卻要求至少要和本世代戰車的終極改良型相當，火力則可能強上兩三倍，機動力將可提升40~50%，還有良好的戰場匿蹤性，主動反制系統，以及不知會發展至何等境界的先進車載電子裝備......

欲知詳情為何，再等上25~30年吧.......

THEN HOW CAN IT MOVE??
拜1500~2000匹馬力級引擎所賜......引擎推力夠，正立方體飛行器也能在天上飛，何況只是在地上爬??

AND HOW CAN IT EXPORT??
拿巨型貨輪或運輸艦運過去，要不然就直接在該地設廠生產，有何難哉??

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toga 　於　2001/11/15 09:09
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

拜沒啥時間進德修業之賜，這段時間在評論新世代戰車時委實鬧了不少笑話，令戰車學大師腩人兄看不下去了，特地於日前以私人網路信件的方式給在下上了一堂各國未來戰車發展展望，特此代替腩人兄台張貼，以玆與同好們分享......如果有觸犯版規的話，煩請版主大人刪除......

我看到你最近談到了未來戰車，又忍不住了。
德國很早就取消了豹三計劃，而進行的就是豹2改進計劃，分爲豹2TVM-I,和豹2TVM-II，其中I是改進火力，採用55倍火砲，II是強化裝甲，後來由於經費原因，只有II得到了落實，後來就決定把II提前，就是現在A5，而I變爲了A6，而140火砲是作爲最終階段III進行的改進被放棄了，但是瑞士進行過140MM裝豹2試驗。

現在德國的計劃是新型裝甲平臺（NGP)，計劃涵蓋主戰車，步兵戰車，戰場防空戰車，計劃是在2009年裝備步兵戰車，2013年裝備主戰車，2016年裝備防空戰車，要求是具有相同的基本結構，類是的傳動系統，行走機構，火控，裝甲和C3系統，但將根據任務的不同而調整。
現在該計劃還在初期預研階段，直接的成果是全防護試驗車體（EGS）試驗平臺，由克勞斯.瑪菲公司負責。該平臺有一個符合人機工程的兩人艙，約48t，現在還沒有武器，計劃是有140mm砲或120mm電熱化學砲（ETC)不是電磁砲。

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美國

其原計劃是未來戰鬭系統（Future Combat System FCS),只有一個車型，現在變為一個系統（Future CombatSystems FCS),包括指揮控制車，步兵戰車，遙控和非遙控火力車。

1996年最初共有五個方案,57t,55t(全電）,40t,10t（全電）,本來40t最被看好，98年美軍又要求將重量限制在25-17t之内，以利於快速部署。

計劃是2001.10進行方案研究，2002-2005演示驗證，2006-2010工程與制造研製，2012年完成全部計劃。

火力包括現有所有的火砲名詞，電熱，電磁，射綫，動能以及常規火砲。防護有主動系統，還有内嵌爆破反應裝甲（ERA）的一體式復合裝甲。
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2000.12月日本安全保障會議確定了中期防衛整備計劃，計劃是40t級，發展思路將受美FCS計劃的直接影響。2002年開始概念車研製，首批4輛。

那個12t的構想只是日本一個軍事評論家二木嚴的設想，這只是一輕型車，計劃還有一個60t的，要靠安保條約要求美軍提供或直接依靠美軍的裝備。

腩人

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T.A.K.U. 　於　2001/11/15 12:57
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

NO I MEAN IF 70 TON TANK WILL BE MADE, THEN IT WILL LIMIT THE NUMBER OF SALES OF IT'S TANK.
AND I AGREE WITH YOU, TOGA, NEXT GENERATION TANK SHOULD BE LIGHTER, AROUND 40TON. THIS IS IMPORTANT, ESPECIALLY FOR US, B'COZ THEIR TACTICS HAVE CHANGED.
AND ONE MORE THING IS 2000 HP ENGINE WILL INCREASE FUEL CONSUMPTION, AND THE SIZE OF ENGINE WILL INCREASE MUCH. THIS MAY LEAD TO BAD EFFECT TO TANKS

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小邱 　於　2001/11/16 20:18
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

toga大哥
那張馳車四式照片還沒找到 請見諒
小弟那不可靠的記憶所看見的 馳車四的砲實在有點長...炮在炮盾佔的位置也很大
應該為140mm炮 但由於那張照片是在靜態展覽(解說牌上寫馳車IV) 所以這門炮到底是真是假實在也無從考證.....

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小邱 　於　2001/11/20 21:40
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

真的出來了 但是請toga大大將馳車四請向下修正 先期量產型為120mm炮
p.s:證明小弟記憶能力不錯 但是觀察能力不行

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toga 　於　2001/11/21 11:06
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

多謝提供資料.............不過如此一來的話, 馳車IV型和馳車III型又有什麼顯著差別優點, 值得老以在馳車III型正式服役不過七八年之際, 又來一次推陳出新??
不過環顧老以目前周圍的潛在敵人（巴解, 伊拉克, 伊朗, 敘利亞.....）,實在也找不出什麼用得上140mm戰車炮的對手.....當主要潛在敵手的最佳戰車光是以44倍徑120mm戰車炮的APFSDS彈便能在貫穿沙包掩體之後, 還能將其來個前進後出之時, 又何須自找麻煩, 使用彈藥生產補給體系得重新建立的140mm戰車炮??莫非是想要來個一彈雙車乎??

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小邱 　於　2001/11/23 18:15
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

小弟認為明顯的差距在於觀測系統跟新的電子系統.......
在七八年之際...這個東西進步很快
再來可能就是裝甲的加強....發動機的換新......
我能想到的就是這些 這些都是為140mm炮鋪路.....
老以並沒有完全放棄掉140mm炮 有可能這批馳車IV是拿來測試系統整合程度以及時戰經驗.........

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ryan2181 　於　2001/11/23 18:20
勘誤

時戰經驗.........
"實"戰經驗........

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小邱 　於　2001/11/23 18:44
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

真是糟糕 還有錯別字.....
剛剛相了一下腩人兄提供的資料....
發動機由原1200hp的換裝為1500hp
看來是屬於改良版而已.......並非大更新

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SK2 　於　2001/11/24 10:18
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

哎呀 大家快來看這個大消息
Greece selects Leopard 2
Leonidas Blaveris, JDW Correspondent
Athens
The selection of Germany's Krauss-Maffei Wegmann (KMW) Leopard 2A5 to meet the Hellenic Army's requirement for a new main battle tank (MBT) was one of three major equipment decisions made by a Greek Governmental Committee for Foreign Affairs and Defence (KYSEA) on 1 March.
有點看不太懂 但是應該是希臘決定購買豹二A5 豹二A5也成為西方新世代戰車外銷最好的車車

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toga 　於　2002/03/04 00:44
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

在整個歐陸地區的新世代戰車採購案中, 豹皇二世可謂大獲全勝
瑞典, 西班牙, 荷蘭, 瑞士, 波蘭, 希臘盡落其手......

剩下的唯一例外大概只有土耳其了, 因為其已事先言明不會和其宿敵希臘採購同型新世代主力戰車.

但是土耳其預定採購新型戰車的數量高達1500輛, 約是希臘採購數量的九倍, 對其它競爭對手而言, 無敵的豹皇二世這種等於不戰而退的舉動無疑是因禍得福; 不過近來土耳其的經濟狀況甚差, 國際間普遍擔心其會成為阿根廷第二, 能否完成此項史無前例的窮兵黷武計畫, 恐有不少疑問.

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toga 　於　2002/03/05 14:11
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

豹皇二世豐功偉業補充版：
1.身為第三世代主力戰車最早量產服役者, 其問世近25年來, 整體性能始終雄居世界第一, 在歐洲已獲得十國正式確認採用（波蘭極有可能成為第十一國）, 且在這近三年來的歐洲各國新世代戰車競標案中, 從來未逢一敗, 因此已有EUROPEAN LEOPARD的美譽; 若不是德國的軍火外銷管制極嚴, 大多亞非中東國家的國情均不符合其外銷條件, 其恐怕早已襲捲世界各國戰車市場, 成為WORLD LEOPARD.

2.根據椰林風情軍武版DSGO前輩所提供的消息, 在這次希臘競標案中, 西方四大主力戰車最後競賽總得分分別為:

Leopard 2A5, 78.65%
（一輛設計起源最早, 從無高強度戰場實戰經驗的老前輩, 卻分別在瑞典與希臘兩戰術環境差異極大的國家以相當顯著的得分差距擊敗一眾戰績輝煌的後生晚輩, 德國陸軍兵工業的實力之深不可測委實令人嘆服）

M1A2 Abrams, 72.21%
（在這場競標中, 其在射擊精度方面名列第一, 省油能力方面則與雷克勒並列第一, 然而這兩者皆是拜換裝與豹二A5同型的德製發動機, 青出於藍之下之賜

Leclerc, 72.03%

Challenger, 2E 69.19%
（........老英實在是不會替武器取名字, 名曰挑戰者, 難怪在國際軍火市場上跌跌撞撞,永遠無法衛冕......）

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toga 　於　2002/05/04 18:26
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

老美自費武功式的取消十字軍自走炮計畫之後，最爽的受益者果然非老德莫屬..........
(Source : Krauss Maffei Wegmann ; issued May 1, 2002)

On May 1st, 2002 in The Hague, The Netherlands, the Directeur Materieel, Major General W.H. Zoomers, and the president of Krauss-Maffei Wegmann (KMW), Dr. Manfred Bode as well as KMW member of the board, Dr. Werner Zimni, have signed the procurement contract for 57 PzH 2000 self-propelled howitzers and peripheral equipment for its future operation in the Royal Netherlands Army. Delivery will start in 2004 and be concluded in 2009.

In The Netherlands, the PzH 2000 is to replace the older systems M 114 and M 109, which no longer meet today’s battlefield requirements for artillery systems. By being selected, PzH 2000 beat off competitors from the USA, South Africa, and the United Kingdom.

This contract between The Netherlands and Krauss-Maffei Wegmann again underlines the excellent relations, which have been existing for several decades with programs like Leopard 1, Leopard 2, Cheetah, Fennek and Simulators or just recently the trilateral GTK/MRAV/ PWV Multi-Role Armored Vehicle development. These good relations are now being enhanced to the field of artillery systems as well.

The contract confirms the outstanding technology and user acceptance of PzH 2000 as the most modern artillery system at this time available on the world market. With PzH 2000, The Netherlands enters into the next generation of artillery performance both in technical and tactical matters.

NATO partner Italy, too, has already selected PzH 2000 and decided its procurement. Contracts may be signed as well within this year. Sweden has started a 2 years “Demonstrator Program” with PzH 2000 since October 2001. So, PzH 2000 will soon be jointly operated in Europe, logistically supported by a logistic partnership between the user countries. This makes for essential operational and life cycle cost reductions.

The Netherlands will receive the PzH 2000 with a high level of reliability and availability, proven by the German Army during its in service time since 1998 with 185 systems to be delivered until 2002. Greece's 24 PzH 2000 systems will be delivered between 2003 and 2004.

二手豹二A4的價格幾何？？德國售予波蘭報價：一輛不到一萬七千六百美金。
截至目前為止，波蘭三軍可說是國際間最爽的二手軍火買家了.....

波蘭空軍：
23架前東德MIG-29＋相關空戰配備與西方航電升級改良，老德象徵性索價一歐元，相當於美金八毛六。

波蘭海軍：
2艘二手美製派里級巡防艦，老美免費奉送。

波蘭陸軍：
128輛整體作戰能力號稱為波蘭現役T-72/P-91 MBT四倍的德製二手豹二A4 MBT-->老德索價2,250萬美金。（換成台灣陸軍目前最哈的美製M-1A2 MBT，這等價錢恐怕還買不到六輛..）

[Unattributed report: "Germany Will Provide 128 Battle Tanks to Poland"]

Warsaw -- Germany plans to supply its NATO ally Poland with 128 main battle tanks for use by Polish troops committed to the alliance's rapid reaction forces.

The transfer, which will cost Poland about 25 million euros ($22.5 million), is part of an agreement signed in January by the members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. The delivery of the 128 Leopard tanks is to begin this year. The second part of the agreement focuses on 23 MiG 29 fighter planes that once belonged to East Germany's military. Details of the transfer still must be negotiated.

During a visit to Warsaw this week, German Defense Minister Rudolf Scharping also discussed the upcoming expansion of NATO with Polish Defense Minister Jerzy Szmajdzinski and Danish Defense Minister Svend Aage Jensby. They suggested that the three Baltic countries -- Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania -- send liaison officers to the alliance's Multi-National Corps North-East in Poland as preparation for possible membership.

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SK2 　於　2002/05/04 22:27
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

Have some cool things: the EGS

註：SK2兄四張圖片連結遺失

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SK2 　於　2002/05/04 22:31
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

十字軍自走炮計畫的確定訃文..........
Pentagon Terminates Crusader Program

(Source: US Department of Defense ; issued May 8, 2002)

WASHINGTON --- Defense Secretary Donald H. Rumsfeld announced today that he has decided to terminate the Crusader artillery system.

The decision is "not about one weapon system," Rumsfeld said, but about "a strategy of warfare that drives the choices we must make about how best to prepare the nation's total forces for the future. … We have an obligation to ensure that U.S. forces will overmatch the capabilities of any potential adversary now and into the future."

The president has agreed to recommend to Congress an amendment to the fiscal 2003 budget request to terminate Crusader and to reallocate the funds to more transformational programs. Defense officials are working with the Army to prepare the details of an amended budget request that will be submitted no later than May 20.

The Army has spent $2 billion on the Crusader and would have needed another $9 billion to complete the program. A prototype had not yet been made. Rumsfeld, Deputy Defense Secretary Paul D. Wolfowitz and Army Secretary Thomas White discussed the decision at a Pentagon press briefing Wednesday afternoon.

Rumsfeld said his decision also reflects the reality of "finite resources."

"It is necessary to make choices, and in doing so, to try to balance among the various near-term, medium-term and longer-term risks," he said.

"What you have in this department," Rumsfeld said, "is a whole series of competing needs -- personnel needs, pay vs. housing; modernization needs, new ships vs. new airplanes; transformation needs, this investment in research and development vs. that investment."

U.S. defense officials are learning important lessons as they lead the coalition effort against terrorism in Afghanistan. One lesson, the secretary said, is that defense leaders must be prepared to adapt to an ever- evolving set of challenges and circumstances. Thus, transformation is important.

"Our country needs an Army that is mobile, lethal and deployable across a wide range of future contingencies," Rumsfeld said. "We need joint, integrated approaches to battlefield challenges. We need weapon systems capable of producing the precise and timely destruction of enemy targets."

Rumsfeld acknowledged that some congressmen might not agree with his decision. "I've never seen a decision made that receives unanimous approval or unanimous opposition," he noted.

"We are going to cancel the Crusader" when the dust settles, he said. "We're going to make our case persuasively with the Congress. We will persuade as many people as we need, but not all, given the nature of life. It will end up being canceled."

Wolfowitz said officials preparing the Defense Planning Guidance for fiscal years 2004 to 2009 concluded they needed to shift some investment dollars to prepare the Army to meet future security challenges. "Land warfare will continue to be a critical part of our defense strategy," the deputy said. "There is a vital role for accurate artillery in establishing battlefield dominance.

"We want Army weapons to support a transformed Army that is more mobile, lethal and deployable across a wide range of future contingencies," Wolfowitz said. "Precision fire has proved to be one of the most transformational improvements in modern warfare." The Army must invest in innovative technologies and ideas that represent the future of battlefield technology for indirect fire.

The Crusader, Wolfowitz said, was originally designed for a different strategic context. Canceling the program "will make room for more promising technologies that offer greater payoffs and are more consistent with the Army's overall transformation effort." The emphasis will be on systems and technologies that provide greater precision, more rapid deployability, and the ability to integrate fires.

"The secretary has made a decision, and the Army will work hard to execute that decision," said White, who has asked the Army inspector general to investigate possible inappropriate behavior regarding a lack of support for the decision to terminate the Crusader and a lobbying campaign to save it.

White noted that talking points the Army prepared in support of the Crusader included comments he considered "offensive" and that did not reflect the Army's position. "When we complete the report, I will discuss it with the secretary of defense and appropriate action will be taken."

In the absence of Crusader, White said, the Army "will put together programs and structure to satisfy that requirement through a different combination of programs."

"The requirement for indirect fire systems to support the U.S. Army across the full spectrum of conflict -- 24-7, all-weather, tactical operational ranges, precise and mass targets -- continues," he added. "That requirement is valid and has to be met." (ends)

Crusader Howitzer Gets The Axe

(Source: US Department of Defense ; issued May 8, 2002)

WASHINGTON --- Planned as the replacement for the M109A6 Paladin Self-Propelled Howitzer, the Crusader program has just been officially terminated by the Department of Defense.

Stating that it was a case of balancing the resourcing needs of fighting the current War on Terrorism with what is required for national military strategy in the future, Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld made the announcement at a Pentagon press briefing May 8.

"This decision is about the reality of finite resources," Rumsfeld said. "It is necessary to make choices and those choices are not easy."

The cancellation of the Crusader has been the subject of several media speculative articles during the past two weeks. And within the past few days, a legislative talking points document surfaced that was highly critical of any move to cancel the program. That document was reportedly from a Department of the Army source.

Asked if he had subordinates create or circulate the document among Congress, Secretary of the Army Thomas E. White said, "Absolutely not." He went on to say that he found the language of the document offensive in general and offensive to the Army, specifically.

Who wrote the document and how it got over to the Hill is under investigation. The findings of that investigation will be reported to Rumsfeld late May 8, White said.

Responding to a question why he continued to publicly support the Crusader program when media reports were saying it was going to be canceled, White said he was not informed of a cancellation decision until 1:30 p.m. May 7. Money for the Crusader was part of the president's budget that was submitted in February.

"We support religiously the president's budget," White said. "I will support religiously the president's amendment (that cancels the Crusader's funding)."

Deputy Secretary of Defense Paul Wolfowitz said the budget amendment would redirect Crusader funding to accelerate other Army Transformation technology research programs, which promise early returns. Some of those programs might include the Excaliber artillery round and the Guided Multiple-Launched Rocket System, he said.

Like the Paladin, the envisioned Crusader would have fired different variants of 155 mm artillery rounds but have a higher rate of fire and increased survivability and mobility. Weighing about 20 tons less than the Paladin, two Crusaders could have been deployed via a C-5A or C-17 transport jet versus one Paladin. With the proposed use of robotics, a Crusader howitzer and ammunition resupply crew would be three people versus the current system's nine-man crew.

There were basically two problems with the Crusader, Wolfowitz said. It still wasn't light enough or precise enough in delivering indirect fires to support DoD's vision for a more deployable and lethal force.

White said the Army has until May 20 to determine if other artillery Transformation programs will meet DoD's budget planning guidance for fiscal years 2004-2009, or come up with an alternative.

Seven years into development, no prototype of the Crusader exists, Rumsfeld said. The Crusader had been scheduled for production in 2006.

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小邱 　於　2002/05/14 18:30
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

十字軍計畫想不到在原車測試後還是遭刪
但是將來美軍的制式化自走炮是否還是使用M109A6以及可期的現代化改良?
十字軍自走炮要求的除了化武防護力 自動化外
最重要的是空中運輸
莫非美軍打算用LAV-3的底盤發展155mm自走炮?
亦或快速部隊的支援火力僅止於120mm迫炮?
真是令人玩味
給大家一個新的新聞 莫非雷克勒再度出擊 目標:沙烏地阿拉伯
Leclerc MBT assembly line under threat

By J A C Lewis, JDW Correspondent, Paris

French land armaments company Giat Industries will be forced to close the assembly line of its Leclerc main battle tank (MBT) if France fails to persuade Saudi Arabia to place a major contract for the vehicle by early next year, according to a report by the French Ministry of Defence.

The report, cited by French unions, said France would "need a signed contract by July 2003 in hand to prevent closure of the assembly line, which means a Saudi decision in favour of Leclerc by early 2003 at latest".

Giat is completing production of 390 Leclercs and 46 recovery vehicles it sold to the UAE in 1993 and of 406 Leclercs ordered by the French Army. The report said that if the assembly line were closed Giat's Roanne plant, which employs 1,300, "would have to be converted to maintenance work".

Defence Minister Alain Richard travelled to Saudi Arabia on 6 April to discuss long-standing negotiations over the sale of 355 Leclercs and 38 recovery vehicles to the Royal Saudi Army, a deal France estimates to be worth $4.6 billion. When talks began in 1997, France sought a firm contract for 150 Leclercs, offering the remainder on option.

就老美國防部目前的態度看來, 搞不好二十年後自走炮在美國陸軍將成為歷史名詞, 由重量15至20噸的輕型高機動輪型載具＋攜帶大量具備精準攻擊能力的終端導引次彈械的地對地導彈/陸攻巡航飛彈/多管火箭所取代......
要不然類似法國凱撒輪型卡車自走炮的概念亦是一條可行之道, 只不過得以大幅犧牲人員防護力, 持續射擊速率與陣地轉換速度以及多發彈群同時命中等諸多能力為代價就是了....

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toga 　於　2002/05/17 11:31
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

十字軍殞落之後, 美國陸軍何去何從??..............老美國防部的解答
Defense Discusses Crusader Alternatives

(Source : US Department of Defense ; issued May 15, 2002)

WASHINGTON --- With the cancellation of the Army's Crusader artillery system, the Defense Department is looking at promising technologies that could give the service even more accurate artillery capabilities -- and faster.

Michael Wynne, principal deputy undersecretary of defense for acquisition, technology and logistics, said the idea behind canceling the Crusader is to accelerate Army transformation by investing in other technologies. He spoke to reporters in a Pentagon briefing today.

Wynne said the Army recognizes that being able to precisely aim and to hit targets gives the service battlefield dominance. The service would like to do for artillery and indirect fire systems what precision-guided bombs has done for the Air Force, Navy and Marine Corps.

"The use of precision munitions for the Air Force has converted old B-52 bombers into very accurate strikers, and old bomb bodies into very precise munitions," Wynne said. "That's the gist of what we are trying to do. It's a matter of prioritization and we are prioritizing precision, strategic employability and, ultimately, the Army's transformation."

If approved, the Army would accelerate the Future Combat Systems/Non-line-of-sight Component, the Excalibur family of precision munitions, the Guided Multiple Launch Rocket System, the Defense Advanced Research Agency's Net Fires System, the High-Mobility Artillery Rocket System and the M-777 Joint Lightweight 155mm howitzer.

The Army would redistribute the $9 billion that it would have spent on Crusader on these systems. The more than $2 billion already spent on Crusader would not be wasted as technologies developed so far could be adapted and used in these new technologies.

"What we would like to do through the imposition of advanced technologies … is capture those technologies to accelerate the transition of Future Combat System/Non-line- of-sight Component into the force structure as fast as possible instead of waiting for Crusader … to be fielded," Wynne said.

He said the Excalibur family can be used with existing systems such as the M-109A6 Paladin 155 mm self-propelled howitzer. The new munitions would extend Paladin's range by 30 percent and improve accuracy tremendously, Wynne said. Current artillery projectiles have up to a 370-meter dispersion. The Excalibur would drop that to 10 meters. He said he hopes to have the system fully developed by 2005, with fielding in 2006.

The DARPA Net Fires is "the deepest reach into the technology," Wynne said. It is a containerized, vertically launched indirect fire rocket system. The rockets have a range of 60 kilometers and can be transported by a Humvee utility vehicle. He said that if development remains on track, Net Fires could be fielded by 2008.

"It's extremely portable, extremely deployable," he said. The system was originally set for deployment in 2012 or 2013. A prototype has been built and tested.

椰林風情（BBS 140.112.2.100) military版目前刊載三篇DSGO前輩的大作貼文, 裡面分別介紹德法兩國未來步兵裝甲車/輪型戰鬥車發展之展望以及法國GIAT工業於戰車匿蹤技術與戰車主動防禦科技上的最新成就, 內容精彩, 值得一閱, 推荐網上陸戰軍武同好們前往一觀......

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SK2 　於　2002/05/24 14:20
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

Can you post it here? Thanks

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李柏毅 　於　2002/05/24 19:41
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

好酷

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toga 　於　2002/05/25 11:58
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

德國Spz3未來步兵戰鬥車計畫，預定2008年開始成軍取代現役的貂鼠式步兵戰鬥車，初期生產量預定為350輛，裝備五個營。
技術特點（標準強炮厚甲，犧牲機動性的反FCS德國風格.......）：

1. 外置式火炮，其必須具備在2500公尺外擊毀敵方步兵戰鬥車與輕裝甲車，和在3000公尺外迫使敵方戰鬥直升機放棄任務的反直升機功能。

2. 比M-8戰車更強的三級裝甲防護：

基本型：
重量約32噸，使A400M運輸機可以一次空運一輛，防護力方面能承受正面30度範圍內的30mm APFSDS，或是60度範圍內的肩射式反戰車武器，至於地雷防護方面可以承受10公斤以下的爆炸式地雷，亦能對抗有自鍛式破片彈頭地雷；至於車頂方面則能承受155mm砲彈破片攻擊。

二級防護：
重量提升至40噸，防護力方面能承受正面60度範圍內的30mm APFSDS，或是90度範圍內的肩射式反戰車武器。

三級防護：
重量提升至40噸，防護力方面能承受正面60度範圍內的40mm以下的 APFSDS，或是90度範圍內的30mm APFSDS。

3. 主動式電子防禦系統以對抗導引式反裝甲武器。

4. 前置引擎設計，步兵艙可容納八名全副武裝步兵。

5. 分離傳動裝置與電力驅動系統。

6. 大量應用車用電子與資料傳輸系統科技。

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toga 　於　2002/05/25 12:00
訂正版，前文請刪.......

德國Spz3未來步兵戰鬥車計畫，預定2008年開始成軍取代現役的貂鼠式步兵戰鬥車，初期生產量預定為350輛，裝備五個營。
技術特點（標準強炮厚甲，犧牲機動性的反FCS德國風格.......）：
1. 外置式火炮，其必須具備在2500公尺外擊毀敵方步兵戰鬥車與輕裝甲車，和在3000公尺外迫使敵方戰鬥直升機放棄任務的反直升機功能。

2. 比M-8戰車更強的三級裝甲防護：

基本型：
重量約32噸，使A400M運輸機可以一次空運一輛，防護力方面能承受正面30度範圍內的30mm APFSDS，或是60度範圍內的肩射式反戰車武器，至於地雷防護方面可以承受10公斤以下的爆炸式地雷，亦能對抗有自鍛式破片彈頭地雷；至於車頂方面則能承受155mm砲彈破片攻擊。

二級防護：
重量提升至40噸，防護力方面能承受正面60度範圍內的30mm APFSDS，或是90度範圍內的肩射式反戰車武器。

三級防護：
重量提升至45噸，防護力方面能承受正面60度範圍內的40mm以下的 APFSDS，或是90度範圍內的30mm APFSDS。

3. 主動式電子防禦系統以對抗導引式反裝甲武器。

4. 前置引擎設計，步兵艙可容納八名全副武裝步兵。

5. 分離傳動裝置與電力驅動系統。

6. 大量應用車用電子與資料傳輸系統科技。

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toga 　於　2002/05/25 12:22
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

法國GIAT工業刻下進行的EBRC未來輪型裝甲戰鬥車計畫
1. 預定2012年左右時，使用電力傳動系統的EBRC將取代AMX-10RC、ERC等諸多法軍現役輪型戰鬥車輛，成為法國陸軍的核心力量。

2. EBRC的主要角色是執行偵察、監視、與目標獲得工作（RSTA），它將做為空中及地面的無人載具的指揮母車，許多方面來看，他可說是法國版的美國未來戰鬥系統FCS。

3. 目前較成熟的EBRC概念設計有二，一種是6*6構型，戰鬥重量僅有16公噸，這使得A400M運輸機一次可攜行兩輛此類ERBC而利於快速反應打擊作戰；其將配備一門由CTA所研發的40公釐口徑嵌入式武器系統（case-telescoped weapon system, CTWS）作為直接射擊火力，其炮身的仰角可高達45度以便於城市作戰；除此以外，車身兩側則將裝備超視線飛彈的發射器，砲塔塔頂則將裝置先進的光電系統。

另外一種8X8的EBRC概念，其上有一座鈦金屬焊接的雙人砲塔，裝置105mm電熱化學炮。這將重達24頓，並擁有先進的生存力設計特徵；如同前者，其砲身射擊仰角亦可達＋45度以便在城市地區作戰。

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大陸青年 　於　2002/05/25 15:35
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

煩請板主大人刪除先前冗餘貼文，謝謝！！
GIAT集團在戰車防護科技方面的最新進展：

1. 匿蹤戰車科技：

法國GIAT工業最近公開了一種以AMX-30主力戰車為基礎的匿蹤戰車設計概念，根據GIAT工業的說法，這款匿蹤實驗載具在測試過程中表現十分的成功；整輛匿蹤實驗載具上裝置了經過特殊設計的雷達吸收材料（ＲＡＭ），而車體與炮塔的外型也被設計使雷達訊號減到最低：例如車體的側面被設計成朝內傾斜且無任何車外儲物架，額外的外罩被加裝在側裙下部以遮蓋路輪，砲塔在正面部分也呈往外傾斜的外型，105 mm主炮也有一個新的炮盾設計，且主炮外部也包附著一層特殊外殼。

這套匿蹤套件被設計來減低車輛的紅外線與雷達信號，且於測試過中證明其難以被使用8∼12um的紅外線影像儀、雷達或毫米波雷達所發現；此外為了減低戰車的熱訊號，冷空氣被灌入外層的RAM材料與內層材料之間。

這項計畫的經費由法國的防衛採購局DGA所提供，而由於計畫十分成功，DGA於最近又給予GIAT集團一項新的合約：發展雷克勒（Leclerc）主力戰車的匿蹤構型。

2. 主動式戰車防禦系統：

GIAT工業正在發展一種稱為SPATEM的主動車輛防護系統，根據GIAT工業的裝甲系統概念經理的說法，SPATEM被設計用來在相當廣泛的各種威脅命中車輛之前加以反制，以大幅減低裝甲車輛被各式導引／非導引反裝甲武器命中的機率；目前內部的測試已經展開，其對抗之反裝甲武器內容包含直接射擊與攻頂的反戰車導引飛彈、120mm HEAT彈與炮射導引彈藥如俄國的9K119 Refleks（北約代號AT-11 Sniper，可從T-90 MBT的125mm戰車炮發射。）等等....

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SK2 　於　2002/05/25 23:01
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

德國Spz3未來步兵戰鬥車計畫的正式名稱是 Panther
35mm機炮已列為優先考慮主要武器, 因有技術儲備

火炮會裝在遙控武器站上

設計上極有可能會參考Marder2步兵戰鬥車

"犧牲機動性"
誰說它會犧牲機動性?!!

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SK2 　於　2002/05/25 23:03
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

德國Spz3未來步兵戰鬥車計畫新聞原文
From strategypage.com:
" April 20, 2002; Germany is set to move to its next generation of infantry fighting vehicles, the Schutzenpanzer-3. This is a 32-ton armored personnel carrier with a externally-mounted cannon (type not yet selected, likely to be in the 35mm range as it must penetrate enemy APCs at 2,500m). The cannon is also to fire a type of bursting ammunition to deal with troops in the open, and should be able to force helicopters away at 3,000 meters. The 32-ton limit is imposed by the future A400M air transport. The basic 32-ton "level one" vehicle is protected against 30mm projectiles across a 30-degree frontal arc and against shoulder-fired anti-tank rockets in a 60-degree arc. Extra armor can be added to produce the level two vehicle, which weighs 40 tons and is protected from 30mm sabot rounds through the 60-degree frontal arc and against shoulder-fired anti-tank rockets across a 90-degree arc. In extreme cases, more armor could be added to produce the level three vehicle. This weighs 45 tons and requires some preparation to have the external mounts modified to accept the larger armor blocks. This provides protection from 40mm shells across the frontal 60-degree arc, and against 30mm shells across the forward 90 degree arc. The vehicle will carry a driver, commander, gunner, and eight infantrymen. The engine will be at the front to provide more protection. There is a classified "defensive system" to block wire-guided anti-tank missiles. Drive will be electric rather than mechanical, and the vehicle will make extensive use of electronic systems, data links, and battlefield awareness systems. The first production lot (350 vehicles) will equip five battalions plus training units and maintenance float.--Stephen V Cole"

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toga 　於　2002/05/26 11:56
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

...若要這樣計, 用德國Wiesel2 APC不是更好…
其實主要是防護需求的差異

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Darth Panda 　於　2002/05/29 06:45
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

ok boys it is French Army but what? I don't know (never had chance to learn Frogs)

註：Darth Panda兄一張圖片連結遺失

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toga 　於　2002/05/30 12:33
Re:新世代主力戰車排行榜

凱撒大帝伏美記.........GIAT偉大之夢
Pentagon Officials Unmoved By Caesar

By Sean D. Naylor, Washington and John Brosky, Paris

Pentagon officials are likely to kill a French firm's attempt to sell its truck-mounted Caesar artillery system to the U.S. Army, despite an audacious marketing strategy that has earned the howitzer plenty of service admirers.

GIAT Industries, the French armaments giant based in Versailles, is offering the 155mm howitzer as a low-cost alternative to the Army's canceled Crusader program and the service's towed XM777 Lightweight 155 mm system.

GIAT representatives briefed Defense Department and Army officials May 13 on the howitzer's capabilities. These include a 24-mile range, C-130 transportability and the speed to keep up with Abrams tanks and Bradley fighting vehicles, according to an industry source close to GIAT.

But an Army staff officer said that the Pentagon's obsession with precision-guided munitions, rather than traditional cannon systems, means the Caesar seemed "dead on arrival" as an interim solution to the Army's artillery requirements.

GIAT, which is wholly owned by the French government, designed Caesar to compete for the lighter end of the artillery market, according to French Gen. Jacques Grenier, former director of the French army's artillery school, who is an adviser to GIAT.

"The armored artillery is far too heavy to meet today's requirements for tactical transport," Grenier said. "It moves very slowly by strategic transport, and once it is in the theater, how do you reposition the force quickly?

"On the other end of the market, towed artillery is easier for tactical transport, but it does not have the range that commanders are demanding," he said. "This is the target for the Caesar. We want to replace towed artillery with a piece that is also highly mobile but has the same range and advantages of self-propelled."

At first glance the Caesar seems to fit with the Army's efforts to more effectively combine lethality and protection with transportability and mobility.

*By combining the prime mover and the howitzer part in a wheeled system that weighs only 18 tons, the Caesar can be carried by the C-130 Hercules transport aircraft - a key requirement.

*It is available now. GIAT says it can provide the Army with five units in fiscal 2003, and 42 by the end of fiscal 2005 - enough to equip the first three Interim Brigades. The Lightweight 155, by contrast, will not be fielded to the Army until 2005.

*Price: $2 million a copy.

The industry source said Caesar would mesh well with the Army's plans to create six medium-weight Interim Brigade Combat Teams for fast deployment to contingencies. The Caesar can move 60 miles per hour on the road, and 30 miles per hour cross-country. And it can keep up a sustained firing rate of three rounds a minute, with a range of 24 miles using U.S. ammunition (26 miles using French ammunition).

Successful Demonstration

Caesar caught the eye of Army officials in February, when it was displayed at the Association of the United States Army trade show in Fort Lauderdale, Fla., which led to a March 21 non-live-fire demonstration for senior officers with the XVIII Airborne Corps at Fort Bragg, N.C.

The Army refused a Defense News request to interview these officers, citing the heightened sensitivity surrounding artillery issues since Rumsfeld canceled the Crusader.

But the April 4 edition of Fort Bragg's official Paraglide newspaper included an article on the demonstration that quoted the Bragg officers speaking very favorably.

"The folks in the XVIII Airborne Corps were obviously impressed with what they saw," said the Army official in the Pentagon. "The commanders at Bragg indicated they were interested in the system and wanted to test it."

At first GIAT was not promoting Caesar as an option for the Army's mechanized units. But when Rumsfeld killed Crusader, GIAT representatives in the United States increased their marketing efforts. Key to their efforts was a promise to produce the system with U.S. manufacturers - possibly including final assembly in Oklahoma, where the Crusader was due to be built.

Already, GIAT has talked with United Defense, Arlington, Va.; General Dynamics, Falls Church, Va.; the Watervliet Arsenal, Watervliet, N.Y.; and Rock Island Arsenal, Rock Island, Ill., GIAT sales director Pierre Colmant said May 22.

For the GIAT, the payoff would come via royalties.

"We have learned that the only way into the United States market for a European company is to have innovative technology," Colmant said. "We know how to mount the artillery, and significantly, how to transfer the recoil so it is not on the truck but on the ground."

Rep. Ben Gilman, R-N.Y., tried and failed to put $2 million into the Pentagon's supplemental fund for 2002 to buy one Caesar and send it to Fort Bragg for operational testing and evaluation.

High-Stakes Bet

GIAT's representatives were in the Pentagon May 13. They briefed officials from the offices of Army Secretary Tom White, Rumsfeld, Deputy Secretary Paul Wolfowitz, and the Army Chief of Staff's Strategic Initiatives Group.

Unfortunately for the Caesar program, the powers-that-be in the Rumsfeld Pentagon no longer see the value in traditional tube artillery systems designed to deliver high volumes of steel to a target area.

"It's lost on them," said the Army staff member. All Pentagon officials are interested in, when it comes to indirect fire systems, he added, is "precision, precision, precision."

For GIAT, which is shifting focus to artillery as sales of its LeClerc tank have stagnated, pitching Caesar to the United States is a "double or nothing stake for us," Colmant said.

But even if that fails, the sales director sees more opportunities around the world.

本篇文章說明了電磁裝甲的作用原理以及其主要的應用目標：為輕型裝甲車輛提供有效抵禦目前氾濫於世的HEAT彈頭RPG之方（從文中看來，其研發目的並非是針對APFSDS彈威脅的防禦方法。），根據目前測試顯示：其對HEAT彈頭的反裝甲武器防禦力約為同質量的不鏽鋼裝甲的五至十倍以上。

New Age Electric Armour Tough Enough To Face Modern Threats

(Source: Defence Science and Technology Laboratory; issued July 1, 2002)

PARIS---The first prototype of the enhanced version of the EuroPowerPack (EPP) has been installed in the Leopard 2 and has successfully completed trials.

The MT883 engine of MTU as a major component of the EuroPowerPack is a drive system that has been developed for the third generation of heavy armored vehicles. The enhanced version of the EuroPowerPack is further developed to deliver 1210 kW (1650 mHp) at 3000 rpm with a maximum torque of 5000 Nm at 2000 rpm. This means a 10 % increase in power output and torque compared to the standard EuroPowerPack.

本升級型歐洲動力套件以MT883 engine 為主要核心，最大出力為每秒三千轉下1,650馬力，最大扭力為每秒兩千轉下5000NM，較現有系統多出10%的出力。

Besides the integration of the common rail direct injection technology, additional improvements such as a stiffer engine block, automated valve clearance, fully digitized and MIL-standard qualified electronics, have been realized in the enhanced version.

This EuroPowerPack is almost 1000 mm shorter than the original Leopard 2 propulsion unit. Thanks to its smaller installation dimensions, there is a free space of approximately three cubic meters which can be used for additional fuel tanks, ammunition storage or an automatic loader.

拜先進緊緻科技之賜，本系統現有豹二所用動力系統短了一公尺左右，換裝後可使豹二多出約三立方公尺左右的車內空間，可用來作為儲存額外車內燃油、增加武裝攜行量甚至供裝置自動裝彈機之用（為換裝140mm主炮鋪路？？）

The EuroPowerPack will allow the Leopard 2 to accelerate faster. Additionally, the specific fuel consumption will drop by around 15 %. In the Vickers Challenger 2E, the installed EuroPowerPack gains a space of more than 1.7 cubic meters compared to the original propulsion unit.

平均一輛不到五十萬美金，雖然不似波蘭陸軍那般爽，但也夠讓人羨慕不已了.....

Finland Buys Leopard 2 A4 Tanks From Germany

(Source : German Ministry of Defense; dated Sept. 16, 2002)

老美的新貨色理論上可以, 因為這本來就是其新型中裝部隊的編成理念：迅速的把大量部隊部署於世界各地的緊急戰區......

1. 芬蘭打算於2003~2008年間陸續接手這批124輛的二手豹二以取代現役的T-55與T-72 MBT, 並使用這批二手新貴直到2025~2030年.

2. 新聞最後一段的觀點說法, 頗有見地, 十分耐人尋味........

(Source : Finnish Ministry of Defence)

中歐地區：

德國陸軍：
總共採購2,125輛豹二，其中225輛升級為使用120mm，55倍徑炮與強化附加裝甲的A6構型，剩餘A4則部分出售給歐洲盟國。

奧地利：自荷蘭陸軍購得114輛二手豹二A4。

瑞士：總共向德國採購380輛豹二A4構型，其中35輛外購，其餘皆為授權量產，本國代號為Panzer 87。

＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝

西歐地區：

尼德蘭：
1982至1986年間向德國採購445輛Leopard 2A4NL，曾經是豹二家族的第二大使用國，目前則是除德國外，唯一進行二手豹二外銷事業的國家，現已成功出售114輛予奧地利，52輛予挪威，剩下的豹二則將其中180輛陸續升級為Leopard 2A5NL（裝甲強化）然後是Leopard 2A6NL （換裝120mm，55倍徑炮）構型。

＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝

南歐地區：

希臘：向德國採購170餘輛豹二A5構型。

西班牙：先自德國租借108輛Leopard 2A4E，接著獲授權自行生產219輛相當於A6構型的Leopardo 2E／ER。

土耳其：
曾有採購與授權量產高達1,500輛新型主戰車的雄心壯志，而豹二A5/A6正是其最心許的對象之一，不過德國國會以其人權紀錄太爛為由，竟於2000年悍拒出售！！德國這種1500輛訂單崩於前而面不改色的偉大情操，令人感佩（換成老美老法......不提也罷。），美國政府曾因此大加表揚德國的道德勇氣（然後趁虛而入，出售改良型M-60與土耳其......）﹔不過在悍拒之前，為了方便土耳其實地評估，德國已經批准出售一輛豹二給土耳其陸軍進行測試評估之用，所以曾經有可能是豹二最大外銷使用國的土耳其，目前卻是最小使用國，使用數量......一輛。

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北歐地區：

丹麥：自德國採購51輛Leopard 2A4DK

芬蘭：
以一輛不到五十萬美金的代價向德國陸軍採購124輛二手豹二A4，預定2003~2008年間服役，是豹二家族的最新使用客戶。

挪威：
自荷蘭陸軍購得52輛二手豹二A4構型，並升級為A5構型。

瑞典：
先自德國陸軍採購120輛二手豹二並升級為相當於A5構型的Strv 121（瑞典陸軍並保留額外90輛的選擇權），然後獲授權自行生產120輛Strv 122構型戰車，Strv 122以豹二A5構型為基礎，採用瑞典自製戰車觀瞄火控系統與額外附加裝甲套件，以及法國的GALIX車載自衛系統，防護力號稱為豹二家族之冠，瑞典陸軍聲稱，當世之間無任何現役反裝甲武器（包括120MM戰車炮與頂攻反裝甲飛彈）能貫穿其正面裝甲。

＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝

東歐地區：

波蘭：以一輛一萬七千六百美金左右的超低價，向德國陸軍採購128輛豹二A4

總產量：約3,510輛（土耳其理論上擁有的一輛因型號且現況不詳，故不列入統計）

使用國：含土耳其在內的話總計12國.........豹皇的黃金聖鬥士們都到齊了。

豹二A4：
現有數量約2,424輛，使用國家：德國，瑞士，奧地利，波蘭，芬蘭，荷蘭，丹麥。

豹二A5／Strv121/122：
總計訂單462輛，其中290輛新造（瑞典，希臘），172輛舊車升級（瑞典，挪威）

http://www.jed.simonides.org/tanks/lima/leopard2_series/leopard2140/leopard2140-intro.html

欲練神功，引刀自宮.........不是，欲裝巨炮，先研自裝。

140mm主炮必須得由自動填裝器來負責裝彈射擊的，人力不足負荷，但以色列陸軍向來不信任此類花俏時髦玩意兒在沙漠戰場上的可靠性，要想說服其接受恐怕很難﹔更何況140mm彈藥的大小將近120mm炮彈藥的兩倍，大佔車內空間且勢必攜彈數會有所下降，而此點對向來講究持續戰力的以色列裝甲兵而言更是大忌﹔而以目前其週遭敵國的陸軍配備來看，又似乎沒有任何裝備不是老以馳車上的120mm, 44倍徑炮所不能摧毀的，最新推出的馳車四戰車上連120mm, 52或55倍徑炮都未換裝，更何況是140mm炮？？除非其週遭敵國購得老俄傳說中配備135mm主炮，世上最強的黑鷹坦克，否則搞不好發展到馳車六也未必能看到以國配備140mm戰車炮的坦克英姿。

Ladoga
The Ladoga was initially called Debut, they are designed for evacuation of Soviet government from Kremlin to airport under nuclear/chemical/biological attack. Ladoga uses assemblies of the T-80U tank track and suspension system and gas-turbine powerplant. The vehicle has a crew of 2 and is provided with a four-seat cab equipped with crew life-support facilities to protect the passengers against the radiological, chemical and bacteriological contamination of the environment.

http://www.jed.simonides.org/tanks/tango-numbers-su/t-80_series/ladoga/ladoga-intro.html

T-72 APC for RPO operators

BMO-1
The BMO-1 is a transport vehicle for flamethrower-squads armed with RPO launcher. Strangely enough, the designator BMO-1 was already used for a BMP-2 variant with the same task.

http://www.jed.simonides.org/tanks/tango-numbers-su/t-72_series/bmo-1/bmo1-intro.html

ABRAMS TANK TEST BED
Abram with a remote turret with 120mm gun and auto-loader

Polish Leopard 2 delivery is major NATO milestone

By Grzegorz Holdanowicz, JDW Correspondent, Warsaw

Poland has formally accepted the first Leopard 2A4 main battle tanks (MBTs) that Germany is transferring to equip a complete Polish armoured brigade. The project, agreed between the two countries on 29 January, is a significant milestone in improving Polands interoperability with other NATO forces (JDW 6 February).

The value of the package, which includes 128 MBTs, is between EUR300 million ($294 million) and EUR380 million. Poland will only have to pay the EUR22.5 million cost of moving the vehicles from storage. Germany will provide training for about 490 Polish crew members and maintenance personnel.

The 10th (Lt Gen Stanislaw Maczek) Armoured Cavalry Brigade received the following during a ceremony at its Swietoszow barracks: 15 Leopard 2A4s; 10 UNIMOG (universal motorised vehicle) 1300Ls for company maintenance personnel; and 30 Mercedes-Benz 1170 vehicles for the brigades logistics battalion.

The brigade is assigned to Germanys 7th Armoured Division, which is allocated to NATOs Allied Command Europe Rapid Reaction Corps (ARRC).

Export of Leclerc Tanks to Saudi Arabia

(Source : French Ministry of Defense; issued Oct. 2, 2002)

1992~1997年，MK1構型，最早的量產型號，總共生產134輛

1998~2001年，MK2構型，改良項目包括電腦軟體升級以及強化車內空調以適應高溫環境地區之作戰；在1999年中旬，法國陸軍曾將有五輛MK2構型被送往卡達進行作戰測試，展現Mk2在氣溫高達攝氏54度地區仍能順利執行陸戰任務的實力

2002年年間
a. 強化增進車上戰場管理系統的指管能力
b. 強化車內的火警偵測與消防能力

2006年年間
a. 強化提升戰場敵我識別能力
b. 強化提升戰車防衛輔助套件之性能
c. 換裝新型熱影像顯儀

乘員數：三人

1. 尺寸諸元：

戰鬥重量：54,500 kg

履帶接地壓力：0.9 kg/cm2

全長：
(含砲管長)： 9.87 m
(車體本身)： 6.88 m

全寬：3.71 m

全高：2.53 m（至車頂）

2. 性能諸元：

路面最高時速：71 km/h
越野最高時速：50 km/h
倒車最高時速：38 km/h
加速能力：0/32 km/h in 5.5 s
馬力／重量比：27.52匹馬力/公噸

內載燃料：1,300 litres
作戰航程：
(只用車內燃料)：450 km
(加裝增程油箱)：550 km

越障高度：
(直進)：1.25 m
(倒車)：0.6 m

越壕寬度：3 m

涉水深度：
(無準備)：1 m
(有準備)：4 m

3. 動力諸元：

引擎：SACM V8X-1500 8氣缸高壓柴油引擎，1,500 hp at 2,500 rpm

傳動：SESM ESM 500 automatic with 5 forward and 2 reverse gears, microprocessor-controlled hydraulic multiple plate clutch

APU： Turbomeca TM-307B gas turbine

懸吊： hydropneumatic

4. 火力射控：

武裝：
(戰車主炮) 1 × 120 mm F1 光膛炮，砲彈40發出(22 ready use)
(同軸機槍) 1 × 12.7 mm MG
(防空機槍) 1 × 7.62 mm MG
(車體防衛）GALIX防衛系統2 ×7 管

射控：
Gun control equipment
Turret power control: electric/manual
(by commander) yes
(by gunner) yes
Turret traverse: 360º
Max turret traverse speed: 40º/s
Max gun elevation speed: 30º/s
Commanders fire-control override: yes
Gun elevation/depression:
(main armament) +15º/-8º
Gun stabiliser:
(vertical) yes
(horizontal) yes
Range-finder type: yes, laser
Elevation quadrant: yes
Traverse indicator: yes
NBC system: yes
Night vision equipment: yes

5. 目前生產概況：

法國：310輛（2001），預定2005年之前結果本國量產成軍部分計畫，最終產量將介於390至406輛之間．

阿聯：436輛（含ARV，已經全數交貨）

有時候，一堆最新最貴最炫的系統裝在一起，未必便代表其產物便是最強

最好的寫照應該來自於英國佬的挑戰者二.....延期至1997-1998年才正式服役
剛進部隊的車車還不敢保證機械上不出問題...莫非被馬蒂爾達附身????

>土耳其財政濱臨崩盤邊緣，改以M-60升級改良取代全新戰車引進

17 June 2002
MTU develops new MT 890 heavy-duty engine

Diesel electric version 50% lighter and smaller than current
engines

Common rail injection ensures efficient combustion

Hot cooling reduces the volume of the cooling system

Flexibility for installation

High availability due to low maintenance requirement

Paris - MTU Friedrichshafen is currently developing a new engine range, MT 890 (HPD - High Power Density) for armored vehicles. The 890 engines will achieve an unprecedented power to size ratio and therefore be particularly small and light. The company is planning to cover the output range of 550 to 1470 kW (750 to 2,000Hp) with five different cylinder variants (6V - 16V). By increasing the output and reducing the size of the components of the drive system, it has been possible to maximize the power to size ratio of the entire drive. In comparison with the 12V MT 883 engine for armored vehicles in the same power category, the diesel electric version of the 12V MT 890 will attain a reduction in weight and volume of approximately 50%. The lowest possible power/weight ratio will be 0.81 kg/kW and the power-to-bulk-volume ratio an unprecedented 1,360 kilowatt per m3. This extraordinary compactness is produced primarily by reducing the basic engine, the cooling system and other characteristic subsystems. A particularly efficient exhaust-gas turbocharger, high engine speed and above all a highly integrated design contribute significantly to the reduction of the volume of the basic engine. For example, the oil filters, oil heat exchanger, dry sump and air manifolds are integrated into the crankcase. A considerable reduction in double walls and bolted connections is thus achieved. The crankcase has an extremely compact and rigid design and its weight is optimized by the aluminum construction.

A completely new generation of high-performance diesel engines for tanks, the HPD-family (High Power Density), will soon be offered by MTU Friedrichshafen. With a weight to power ratio of only 0,94 kg/kW for the 6 V version the power output for diesel-electric drive will reach from 552 kW to 1472 kW (750 - 2002 mHP). .

Common rail injection ensures efficient combustion

The new engine range, MT 890, is fitted with a common rail high-pressure injection system. The procedure allows all injection parameters to be set as required and flexibly adapted to the respective operating conditions. The timing, duration and course of the injection and the level of the fuel pressure can be defined as required. Therefore, unlike engines with conventional injection systems, high injection pressures are also available at low engine speeds, allowing efficient combustion in this operating range in particular.

Hot cooling reduces the volume of the cooling system

The weight and volume of the cooling system have also been considerably reduced. This is made possible by the use of a dual-circuit cooling system and by increasing the maximum coolant temperature. The maximum permissible coolant temperature in the basic engine is thus approximately 20 蚓 higher than in previous MTU engines for armored vehicles. This technological milestone means that the temperature equilibrium in the basic engine is improved and the flow of heat into the coolant is therefore smaller. This allows a considerable reduction in the volume of the cooling system. In terms of cooling, the high temperature of the coolant in relation to the ambient air ensures that there is a significant drop in temperature.

The cooling system consists of a high temperature and low temperature circuit and therefore makes better use of the available cooling capacity. In addition, low temperatures can be achieved for those components for which it is necessary in the cooling circuit. The high temperature circuit therefore achieves a high cooling capacity in a small space. Despite a relatively low cooling capacity, the low temperature circuit produces low temperatures in the charge-air cooling tract.

Flexibility for installation

The extremely compact design of the basic engine with options for connecting charge air and exhaust gas to both ends of the engine offers considerable flexibility with regard to installation in the respective vehicle. The vehicle manufacturer is therefore given as much design freedom as possible. The MT 890 can be installed in the engine compartment longitudinally or transversely, and the arrangement of the peripheral components such as the cooling system and the air filter system is also flexible. Due to the compact design, it is also possible - if required - to use two six-cylinder engines instead of one twelve-cylinder engine, for example.

The new MT 890 engine range is equally suitable for Diesel-electric and conventional transmissions. Extremely high flexibility is achieved in installation by using a Diesel-electric drive. New drive concepts are expected in future, especially for military vehicles, as a result of electric drives in particular. For wheeled vehicles, it is expected that the electric motors will be incorporated into the wheel hubs. For crawling, for example, electric motors allow almost silent vehicle movement, silent watch. However, the MT 890 is also suitable for conventional drives. In these drives, it has sufficient high torque rise for the drive to qualify as a mechanical drive.

High availability due to low maintenance requirement

In contrast to other engines for armored vehicles in the same power category, the MTU heavy-duty engine, MT 890, has the significant advantage of a low maintenance requirement. Topping up the lubricant and coolant is the only regular check required. A major overhaul is not required until after 1500 operating hours. These advantages are achieved through hydraulic valve clearance compensation, an auto-cleaning air filter and the extremely compact design, thanks to which a significantly reduced number of interfaces is required. The absence of maintenance not only saves time and money, but also increases the availability of the vehicles.