Two Chinese companies used early Novembers Airshow China 2002 exhibition in Zhuhai to release
first details of several unmanned air vehicle (UAV) and target drone designs, and to unveil
further developments of previously displayed models.

Nanjing Research Institute for Simulation Techniques (NRIST) introduced a new version of its W-50
surveillance UAV, which, according to the manufacturer, incorporates several improvements over its
original W-30 and W-50 designs first shown at the exhibition two years ago. The enhanced W-50
incorporates an improved mission payload and has a 4-6h endurance with an operational radius of
100km. The air vehicle is intended to operate up to a maximum altitude of 9,840ft.

The company also released the first image of its S-45 target drone during the show. Designed to
look like a manned fighter aircraft, the system has a 15kg launch weight, a maximum level speed of
45m/s (162km/h) and a 1h endurance. The petrol engine-powered aircraft has an overall length of
2.1m, a 1.6m wingspan and can be operated either by catapult launch/parachute recovery or with a
fixed undercarriage. NRIST produces a number of target systems, including an upgraded version of
the BJ 7104 design dubbed the S-70, a ship-based S-80 system and the G-1 drone.

(China) Expert says China building up naval strength with Russian assistance
Expert says China building up naval strength with Russian assistance

Moscow, 25 November, correspondent Anatoliy Yurkin: China is building up its naval potential. In
particular, purchasing of modern ship-based anti-aircraft systems indicates a qualitatively new
stage in the development of the Chinese navy, deputy director of the [Russian think-tank] Centre
for Analysis of Strategies and Technologies Konstantin Makiyenko said in his research paper
entitled Military Technical Cooperation Between Russia and China in 1992-2002, obtained by
ITAR-TASS today.

The Chinese navy is making active steps to access the medium ocean zone, Makiyenko said. Import
of Russian S-300F Rif missile systems will enable it to operate outside the so-called first chain
of islands,presented by Japan, Taiwan and western Borneo.

Chinese preferences at the arms market have formed under the influence of the Western weapon
embargo imposed in 1989, Makiyenko said. Chinas changing orientation towards Russia was
rationalist and pragmatic, he said.

http://news.chinatimes.com/Chinatimes/newslist/newslist-content/0,3546,110505+112002120500074,00.html

2002.12.05　 中國時報
解放軍在安徽中部建新機場
大陸新聞中心/台北報導

中共解放軍報透露，中共軍方最近在安徽中部某地建成一個新機場。據了解，中共購自俄羅斯的先進蘇愷二十七戰機的主要駐紮地之一就在安徽蕪湖。

報導說，該機場開建於新世紀初年，其目的在於使機場規劃設計達到適用性、先進性和超前性，使新機場有利於戰備、訓練和綜合保障功能的和諧統一。

報導指出，新機場大膽採用了在跑道中段建中央指揮塔臺、中間停機坪，並布設加油充電設施；在跑道兩頭各建一個小型輔助塔臺的新型戰場建設模式，將過去的起飛線、著陸線和加油線進行了科學的「三合一」，從而可以實現戰機從跑道中間起飛，快速再次出動。

（中央社台北五日電）共軍腐敗問題嚴重，中共中央軍委主席江澤民為此曾告誡共軍高階將領，應該把金錢看淡一點，警惕金錢和權力的腐蝕。

新華社是在一篇關於共軍國防大學的報導中，透露了江澤民的上述要求。

據報導，江澤民曾對共軍將領指出金錢至上、拜金主義帶來的惡果，他告誡共軍的領導幹部，「應該把金錢看得淡一點。要時刻警惕金錢和權力的腐蝕。」

此外，江澤民也要求共軍要貫徹「科技強軍」的戰略，加快提高軍隊各方面的科技含量。共軍國防大學是中共培養軍事人員的重要地點，也是中共中央軍委、總參謀部指導軍隊建設的智囊單位。

http://news.yam.com/cna/china/news/200212/200212050059.html
共軍擁江明年中共軍權移轉有變數

（中央社台北五日電）香港明報報導，中共北京軍區司令員朱啟近日撰文支持江澤民在十六大續任軍委主席，宣稱共軍將「堅決聽從黨中央、中央軍委和江主席的指揮」，如此明白的「擁江」表態，使得中共於明年兩會落實軍權移轉、完成新老交替再現變數。

江澤民在十六大卸任中共總書記，卻仍然保留中央軍委主席一職，引起國際社會的廣泛關注，紛紛以明年兩會胡錦濤是否能接任軍委主席，作為中共是否落實權力移轉的觀察指標。然而，最近在中共中央機關刊物「求是」登載朱啟的文章顯示，江澤民明年極可能在軍方支持下緊抓軍權不放。

解放軍今個月開始，使用新款的軍用鞋,取代用了超過五十多年， 由純綿及橡膠製的解放鞋.新的軍用鞋使用新型的化學纖維材料, 減輕的重量,及加強耐磨性,新鞋又加入抗菌防臭劑。 解放軍以往使用的解放鞋,由於質地不結實,士兵一年內往往著爛 五六對,加上不透氣,容易滋生細菌,影響訓練.

Irans Aerospace Industries Organisation (AIO) is working to develop and produce anti-ship missile
systems in collaboration with the China Aerospace Science and Industry Corp, sources at both
companies have confirmed.

The effort, which Iranian sources call Project Noor, covers the short-range C-701 and the long-
range C-802 weapons developed by the latter companys China National Precision Machinery Import
and Export Co subsidiary.

The possibility that a collaborative project was under way was first raised in 1998, when Iran
displayed an anti-ship missile design similar to the 15km-range C-701 shortly after the Chinese
system was unveiled. An AIO spokesperson confirmed in early November that Project Noor involves
the C-701. However, officials in the same company describe the weapon as a long-range, turbojet-
powered, sea-skimming anti-ship missile, which better fits the 120km-range C-802, and suggests
that the co-operation agreement covers both weapons.

Material released by the AIO also shows that Iran has acquired the latter missile from China.

While Iranian efforts so far appear confined to acquiring ship-launched variants of the Chinese
weapons, the countrys air force has for sometime sought an air-launched anti-ship capability to
augment its domestically developed standoff glide bombs and missiles developed for use against
large shipping targets, such as oil tankers.

The Iranian Navy is also fielding a version of Chinas FL-6 anti-ship missile, dubbed the Fajr-e-
Darya (Sea Dawn). The availability of all three weapon types could significantly advance
Tehrans ability to control and deny movement at sea throughout the Persian Gulf.

In a further development, the first details of two electro-optically guided munition types now in
service with the Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force also emerged during the Iran Airshow 2002,
which took place from 30 October to 3 November. The missile manufacturing companies of the Iranian
Ministry of Defence developed both weapons from inventory stocks of standard US-pattern general-
purpose bomb shapes. They first entered service during the 1980-88 Iran-Iraq war. The designs have
since been enhanced and refined and remain in service with the air forces F-4 Phantom and F-5
Tiger fighter fleets, according to the weapons developers.

Built around a 907kg (2,000 lb) Mk 84-class bomb body and given the local designation GBU-67/9A,
Tehrans Qadr (Force) weapon is designed for use against high-value targets, on land or at sea.
Optimised for release from high altitude, the unpowered Qadr has four long strakes along its body
to provide lift, plus four fixed squared-off stabilising tail fins and four narrow-chord,
pneumatically actuated guidance fins. Its effective range is dictated by the speed and altitude
of the launch aircraft, although a maximum range of 20km is cited. The weapons daytime-only TV
seeker is linked to an autopilot which uses proportional navigation techniques to achieve lock-on-
before-launch fire-and-forget homing. With a slewable look angle of +/-25? the seekers off-the-
shelf TV camera provides no magnification, making it most effective against large high-contrast
targets.

The AGM-379/20 Zoobin (Arrow) is a rocket-powered weapon based on an M117 bomb body. It is
equipped with a 340kg warhead and has a reported range of 25km. Suitable for launch at altitudes
between 300ft and 30,000ft, the designs solid-propellant rocket motor has a two-second burn time,
providing high-subsonic performance.

The weapon, which has four large fixed wings attached to its main body, shares the Qadrs guidance
system, but benefits from a modified autopilot. It is unclear if the Zoobin has a man-in-the loop
control function, although the weapon appears to have the provision for a datalink housing to its
rear. This would allow an operator to update and refine the missiles targeting in the air.

The designers behind the Zoobin system told JDW that talks have been conducted with export
customers interested in the precision-guided weapon.

Asia Times
December 4, 2002
以色列在中國新戰機計劃中的地位
Israels role in Chinas new warplane
By David Isenberg

The recent unveiling (sort of) of Chinas first domestically designed (sort
of) fighter jet was the culmination of a long saga of international military-
hardware wheeling and dealing that has seen US-designed or -funded high-tech
weaponry fall into the hands of potential military rivals.

The showpiece of many years work, dating back to the late 1980s, recently
happened - albeit unobserved - when China confirmed the existence of, but
did not unveil, the Jian-10 fighter jet. It had been reported that the J-10
(F-10 being the export version, using North Atlantic Treaty Organization
designation) would be shown in public for the first time during the fourth
China International Aviation and Aerospace Exhibition (Airshow China 2002)
held in Zhuhai in southern Guangdong province from November 4-10, but the
plane did not appear.

The J-10 is a multi-role single-engine and single-seat tactical fighter,
with a combat radius of 1,000 kilometers. Although billed as a domestically
produced fighter, in truth the J-10 could not have happened without the
help of other countries, especially Israel.

The program began in the late 1980s and is thought to be based on an Israeli
design. It contains Israeli and Russian avionics, and is powered by Russian
engines.

Chinese engineers developed the J-10 from a single F-16 provided by Pakistan,
and with assistance from Israeli engineers associated with Israels US-financed
Lavi fighter program, which was canceled in 1987, according to the Federation
of American Scientists website. The Lavi was based on the US F-16 and built
with US$1.3 billion in aid from Washington.

In 1983, when US support for the Lavi commenced, the program was opposed
vigorously by the Defense Department, partly because of re-export concerns.
An early supporter of the Lavi was George Shultz, then secretary of state
in the administration of US president Ronald Reagan. Shultz would later
label his advocacy of the program a costly mistake.

Only in early 1995 did the US government make public its concerns about
Israels Lavi-related technology re-exports to China. David Lari, director
general of Israels Ministry of Defense, acknowledged in an Associated Press
interview that some technology on aircraft had been sold to China and
that some Israeli companies may not have clean hands.

Yet Chinas acquisition of the Russian Su-27, after China had attempted
for years to develop the J-10 aircraft with equivalent technology to perform
similar functions, is seen by some experts as a sign that China lacks confidence
in its domestic industrial capabilities.

Though it has never been certain precisely what specific technologies and
systems Israel provided, it was reported that the Jian-10s radar and fire-control
system is the Israeli-made ELM-2021 system, which can simultaneously track
six air targets and lock on to the four most threatening targets for destruction.

In December 1991, US intelligence officials announced that Israel planned
to open a government-coordinated and -sponsored arms office in China.
Given what the Israelis had to offer, and what the Chinese needed, it was
most likely that a transfer of avionics and other technologies developed
in the Lavi program would ensue, since there was a void in the Chinese avionics
and fire-control system capability due to the 1989 termination of a US-Chinese
program in response to Tiananmen Square.

China and Israel started collaboration in the early 1980s and full-scale
cooperation was under way officially by 1984. As neither China nor Israel
was capable of developing the propulsion system required by the J-10, in
1991 China acquired the AI31F turbofan engine from Russia for incorporation
into the J-10 fighter. This engine is also used in the Su-27 air-superiority
fighter that Chinese acquired from Russia. As the performance of the AL31F
engine is significantly better than that of the American PW1120 originally
slated for the Lavi, it may be anticipated that the performance of the J-10
will be accordingly enhanced. Built by the Chengdu Aircraft Industrial Corp,
the J-10 attempts to rival current fourth-generation Western fighters. China
has inked a 10-year deal with the Russian engine maker SRPC Salut for 300
Al-31F engines for its J-10 program and will begin production of the jets
next year.

The plane is said to have capabilities similar to the Su-27, the Russian
MiG-29 and the US F-16 fighter jets, but with an estimated cost of less
than $10 million, it could rival other jet makers on the international market.

In March 1997, despite official denials from Israeli officials, the US Office
of Naval Intelligence in its unclassified Worldwide Challenges to Naval
Strike Warfare restated more strongly than it had the previous year its
belief that US-derived technology from the canceled Israeli Lavi fighter
was being used on Chinas new F-10 fighter. It said, The design has been
undertaken with substantial direct external assistance, primarily from Israel
and Russia, with indirect assistance through access to US technologies.
In fact, according to the annual intelligence report, the F-10 is a single-seat,
light multi-role fighter based heavily on the canceled Israeli Lavi program.

Until it was canceled in 1987, much of Lavi technological development was
paid for by the United States. Ironically, the potential capability of F-10
fighters was cited by both the US Navy and Air Force as one of the future
threats justifying the expenditure of billions on new tactical aircraft,
such as the F-22, F/A-18F, and Joint Strike Fighter. The fact that possibly
US-derived technology provided by an ally might be contributing to that
potential threat is a delicate subject.

However, this is not the first time accusations of illegal technology have
been made. A March 1992 report by State Department inspector general Sherman
Funk, Report of Audit: Department of State Defense Trade Controls, states
that alleged Israeli violations of US laws and regulations cited and supported
by reliable intelligence information show a systematic and growing pattern
of unauthorized transfers ... dating back to about 1983.

The 1992 Funk report was the first time the US government had publicly released
evidence that Israel was improperly re-exporting US-origin weapons technology.
Israel and some of its US supporters quickly denounced it. So that their
work would not be classified - and thus off-limits to the public - the writers
of the report referred to Israel only as a major recipient of US technology,
and misdeeds were not specified in detail. The classified version, of course,
did name Israel as well as other states, and it cited instances of unauthorized
retransfers, US officials said in interviews.

The Funk report criticized States Bureau of Political-Military Affairs
for ignoring scores of intelligence reports of apparent violations of Arms
Export Control Act (AECA) and International Traffic in Arms regulations
retransfer restrictions and for not reporting them to senior officials and
Congress, as required by law. Israel denounced the report, especially as
its release followed allegations of improper transfer by Israel of Patriot
missile technology to China.

In the summer of 2000, the Washington Times reported that a memo circulating
inside the Pentagons Defense Threat Reduction Agency told analysts they
no longer had to gain input from the Defense Intelligence Agency before
deciding whether controlled technology should be transferred to Israel.
The DIA had compiled evidence that Israel had violated US export regulations
by transferring missile, laser and aircraft technology to China.

Subsequently, when Israel tried to sell the Phalcon to India, the US government
demanded that Israel limit arms exports. Israel was told that it must inform
the US of all weapons transfers to 27 nations regarded as countries of
concern such as China, India and Yugoslavia.

Israel ranks second only to Russia as a weapons-system provider to China
and as a conduit for sophisticated military technology, followed by France
and Germany, stated a report this year by the US-China Security Review
Commission, a panel established by Congress to examine security and economic
relations between the two countries. Recent upgrades in target acquisition
and fire control, probably provided by Israeli weapons specialists, have
enhanced the capabilities of the older guided missile destroyers and frigates
in the Chinese navys inventory, it said.

The commission cited Israel as a supplier to Beijing of radar systems, optical
and telecommunications equipment, drones and flight simulators.

Arms exports have not only played a crucial role in offsetting Israels
trade imbalance but have also performed a key role in furthering its diplomatic
efforts. The sale of arms and technology has become one of the most effective
techniques to furthering Israeli goals overseas. The quiet ties with China
and India and the growing alliance with Turkey in the 1980s and the 1990s
are good examples of strong links based on such cooperation.

The J-10 is hardly the only result of Israeli-Chinese military cooperation.
For example, the Chinese F-8, the same type of plane that collided with
the US reconnaissance plane last year, is armed with Israeli Python-3 missiles.
The Python, adapted from the US ALM-9L Sidewinder missile, has a high degree
of US technology. Ironically for Israel, China apparently sold its version
of Python-3, called the PL-8, to Iraq.

And, as was widely publicized, Israel was set to sell China the Phalcon,
an airborne early-warning radar system, until it was forced by the United
States to cancel the deal. The US Central Intelligence Agency also believed
Israel was marketing its STAR cruise missile in China. The STAR incorporates
sensitive US technology.

新方法降服膨脹土地帶

新世紀初年，南空某工程兵部隊開赴皖中某地，擔負新建一個集現代高科技于一體
的机場任務。為了使机場規划設計達到适用性、先進性和超前性，開創我國机場建
設的新模式，他們多次邀請建筑專家對工程總體布局和標志性建筑設計方案進行評
選，先后對總體方案進行了21次調整，做了30個標志性建筑方案，畫了近百張建筑
設計圖，使新机場有利于戰備、訓練和綜合保障功能的和諧統一。然而，工程建設
剛開了個頭，一道難題就擺在了建設者面前。新机場地處膨脹土地帶，這在國內外
都被視為“禁區”。如果机場跑道質量差，將直接影響戰机的升空。机場建設者們
決心不為“禁區”所困，用科學技術解開這道難題。在翻閱大量資料中獲悉，不同
地區膨脹土的力學性質和膨脹性能不盡相同。由于當地土基均有膨脹性，如果采用
通常換土處理方法，造价將成倍增加。方案一次次出台，又一次次被否決。机場建
設副總指揮李學志、工程勘察設計所所長陳聯平帶領攻關小組夜以繼日地奮戰在工
地。根据大量的土壤室內試驗數据和當地土壤透水性差、地下水位低的特點，他們
假設了几百組數据，一組組進行對比試驗、推算，并把每次試驗結果，都做成電腦
“三維影像”，對机場整個土壤結构的一千多個點進行抽樣跟蹤，精确測出不同地
段土壤狀況，最終得出了“防水保濕，适度處理”的道面土基處理方案。中國工程
院院士黃熙齡等專家評審后認為：“處理方案穩妥可行，能滿足修建新机場要求。”
僅此一項，就節省工程投資700多万元。

新工藝提高場道強度

南空某工程兵部隊曾先后承建了多項全國重點工程。這一次，為把新机場建成一流
的現代化工程，建設者們認真汲取以往建設的經驗和教訓，突破傳統思維和施工方
式，大膽應用了一批新技術、新工藝。電腦配料提高道面抗折強度。混凝土配料計
量的准确程度，直接影響著机場道面的抗折強度。過去，由于大量采用地面式的磅
秤，容易在上料時因受到地面車輛和人員的碰撞，導致混凝土配料計量誤差。為此，
建設者們開動腦筋，多次對普通磅秤進行技術改進，采取將磅秤架高，用空中懸稱
的方法，解決計量不准的問題。在此基礎上，他們還采用電腦控制混凝土攪拌過程，
通過調節好混凝土配合比，提高場道抗折系數，使道面抗折強度大大超過了規定標
准。添加養護劑消除場道發絲裂紋。机場場道表面出現發絲裂紋，是混凝土施工中
的通病。而發絲裂紋如果處置不當，冬天會因進水引起冰凍膨脹，從而導致龜裂，
甚至掉邊掉角，危及飛行安全。國內外建筑專家研究了几十年，尚未拿出令人滿意
的辦法。為此，建設者們一方面注意精選原材料，嚴格控制含泥量，并采用鋼絲网
配合提漿的方法，來保證表面砂漿的厚度和均勻性。另一方面，他們又充分應用先
進養護技術，注意在澆筑混凝土后，噴一層混凝土養護劑，使場道形成一層保護膜，
防止表層水分蒸發。再加蓋無紡布，用雙重養護的方法，消除裂紋。新型刻槽工藝
使道面防滑防凍。按照慣例，為增加道面的磨擦力，往往在道面未干燥之前，按一
定比例，壓上紋路就行了。目前，國內外机場建設几乎都采用這种方法。但建設者
沒有滿足這一現狀，而是拿出多年探索的跑道防水、防凍、防冰雪和防滑“絕活”，
采用刻槽新工藝。可刻槽并非易事，刻深了，槽里容易進入异物，被飛机吸入進气
道打坏發動机；刻淺了，又失去實際意義。通過一次次試驗，他們最終把刻槽深度
定在非常理想的尺度上。無論天下多大雨，只要停10分鐘，道面就平洁如初，這一
新工藝還使跑道結冰成為歷史。

新思路构建保障新設施

China launches new stealth fighter project
YIHONG CHANG JDW Correspondent
Zhuhai
中國開始研發新匿蹤戰機

The Shenyang Aircraft Company has been selected to head research and development
of a new heavyweight fighter for Chinas Peoples Liberation Army Air Force
(PLAAF), according to a senior source at the China Aviation Industry Corp I (AVIC I).

Development of the engines and weapon subsystems for the fourth-generation fighter
has been under way for some time, according to the source, who revealed that a number
of design concepts have already been created. Wind-tunnel tests of these are about to
start, including the two configurations pictured here. They show a twin-engine
aircraft sharing some design traits with Lockheed Martins stealthy F/A-22 multirole
fighter, now undergoing tests with the US Air Force, such as the internal carriage
of its weapon systems. The Chinese designs retain a more conventional wing, however,
and use a single vertical tail fin.

AVIC I officials told Janes Defence Weekly that the new aircraft - tentatively
dubbed the J-X and possibly to receive the service designation J-13A - could
use the WS10A turbofan engine designed by the Shenyang Liming Motor Company
during its development and trials process.

In development for more than a decade, the WS10-series power plant completed
air trials earlier this year with an Su-27SK (NATO reporting name: Flanker-B
) fighter. The WS10A is scheduled for introduction with the PLAAFs new
J-10A fighter, which has yet to be formally unveiled.

Continuing research into advanced control techniques is expected to in time
allow the air force to field WS10A-powered J-10A and J-X fighters equipped
with thrust-vectoring nozzles offering improved aircraft manoeuvrability.

Chinese television has shown images of President Jiang Zemin inspecting this project.
The concepts indicate that the thrust-vectoring nozzle can be deflected by up to 15
in any direction. Perfecting thrust-vectoring flight is one of the key aviation
development programmes within Beijings current five-year plan - a cap ability tipped
to improve the J-10As short take-off and landing performance and [enable it to]
attain the manoeuvrability standard of the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter, said one
industry source.

An assessment of potential multi-function fire-control radar systems for
the new stealth fighter is also under way, with candidates including Chinas
indigenous Type 1473 design. According to an industry source, this has a
search distance of 150km and can track up to 15 targets, attacking between
six and eight of them simultaneously. The design is currently undergoing
upgrade to allow for the integration of a phased-array antenna.

Another option is the Russian Zhemchung system, which could allow a future
naval variant of the J-10A to deploy advanced weapons such as the Kh-31A
(AS-17: Krypton) medium-range anti-ship missile. In addition to planning
its own active and passive phased-array antenna design, China is giving
consideration to Russias Pero active antenna, and has also already received
20 980mm slotted antenna sets from Russia.

While AVIC I sources will not speculate when the new fighter might make
its first test flight, a debut around the end of the decade could be expected
if the project matches the development process for Chinas J-10A and J-8D
projects. Further impetus has been placed on the new programme, however,
through Zemins encouragement that relevant weapons and technologies be
acquired from Russia and Ukraine. Zemin has also committed future funding
for the J-X concepts continued development.

（中央社台北十日電）中共昨天發表「二○○二年中國的國防」白皮書，引起外界重視。香港媒體今天紛紛報導有關消息，指出中共今年軍費一千六百九十四億四千萬元人民幣，較去年大幅調漲了百分之十八點三。

星島日報報導，中國大陸昨天發佈的國防白皮書顯示，共軍今年的軍費為一千六百九十四億元，這比去年增加百分之十八點三，較年初編列的預算多出十億八千萬元。對於軍費大幅增加，報導引述白皮書說明指稱，其中部分預算是為打擊恐怖主義而增加的支出。

(中央社記者曾志遠紐約十一日專電)加拿大軍事評論家平可夫今天表示，二○○二年是中國軍購活動最有規模的一年，但中國最新頒布的國防白皮書一字未提。他對白皮書的評價不高，認為仍然缺乏透明度。

平可夫質問白皮書對軍購項目隻字未提，也未說明白皮書談到本年度超支近一億美元的理由，「是回扣還是武器成本增值？」，因此他認為中國並不是一個真正現代化國家，國會、媒體都沒有任何約束力、監督力。

平可夫主持的漢和情報評論，去年九月便判定江澤民還會繼續出任軍事委員會主席。他分析，如此大規模的軍購，算是江澤民給予軍隊的禮物。

同時，對台灣「臨戰準備」的迫切，希望儘快形成對台的威懾力量，平可夫也認為是增購軍備的主要原因。他對最新公開的中國國防白皮書評價不高，認為仍然缺乏透明度。

依據平可夫估計，中國從一月開始，先後簽訂了兩艘Sovremenni級艦十四億美元合約、八艘基洛級636合約十五億美元、二十八架第二批蘇愷三十戰機十億美元、二套RIF艦對空導彈二億美元、十五套TORM 1地對空導彈八億美元。

(中央社記者鍾行憲華盛頓十三日專電)華盛頓時報今天報導，中共曾在上週末試射一枚新式短程彈道飛彈，適逢主管情報事務人民解放軍副總參謀長熊光楷自北京啟程訪美之時。熊某由於一九九五年威脅以核子攻擊洛杉磯的談話而在白宮飽受國家安全顧問萊斯批評。

時報軍事記者葛茨與史卡博羅在「(五角大廈)圈內」專欄指出，萊斯告訴熊光楷，對美國發出核子攻擊威脅是令人無法接受的，任何進一步的威脅也會使美中(共)關係脫軌。

他們表示，中共往往利用其飛彈測試傳達政治訊息，上週末試射ＣＳＳ-7飛彈也不例外。中共已部署多達四百枚ＣＳＳ-7與ＣＳＳ-6飛彈將台灣列入射程範圍，試圖恫嚇台灣人民。

-----------------------

http://www.people.com.cn/GB/junshi/20021213/887129.html
2002年12月13日08:45
性能超蘇27 十架殲10戰机裝備中國空軍(圖)
香港《亞洲周刊》12月2日報道，10架中國軍事迷盼望已久的殲-10殲擊轟炸机已率
先裝備南京軍區空軍。

殲-10是迄今為止中國自行設計研制的最先進的戰斗机。外界根据資料和設想圖判斷，
殲-10是一种單發單垂尾輕型多用途戰机，采用國際上新一代戰机流行鴨式气動布局，
其优點是既能發揮三角翼飛机高空高速的优勢，又通過前翼增加升力，保證中低空
亞音速格斗的机動性并大幅縮短起降距离。据外國軍事專家推測，殲-10的气動布局
很先進，甚至优于以靈活著稱的蘇-27。

資料圖片：《簡氏防務周刊》刊登的殲十戰斗机照片

殲-10的另一個特點是載彈量大。据推測，殲-10最大起飛重量在18吨左右，載彈量
7吨左右，相當于二戰中重型轟炸机B-29的載彈量，這在輕型戰斗机中是很先進的。
殲-10的外挂能力強，表明可有效實施對地對海轟炸攻擊，而可貴的是此机空戰能力
更突出。殲-10采用了大量复合材料，使自身重量比F-16等戰机略輕，發動机的功率
卻基本相當，這使其在空戰中具有很強的机動性。

据稱，殲-10除了裝有國產的霹靂系列空對空導彈和鷹擊系列導彈外，和蘇-27一起
引進的R-73、R-27等俄制空空導彈也將被該机采納。殲-10裝備的電子掃描相位雷達
可同時追蹤24個目標，并對其中的4個進行攻擊。

資料圖片：在4月1日-4日舉行的第三屆國際電子展上，國內某電子厂商的海報上出
現一張戰斗机圖片，該圖与《簡氏防務周刊》和《空軍月刊》刊出的所謂殲十圖片
外形几乎完全相同，甚至連机身的迷彩涂裝都一模一樣。

据推測，殲-10由于開發較晚并運用了最新技術，會在許多方面优于上個世紀80年代
水平的F-16和㨩蛩v�2000。殲-10將成為中國空軍和海軍航空兵21世紀的主要裝備。
(戴瑪)

Russia contracted to deliver over 380 combat planes to China
俄國賣給中國 380 架戰機
Moscow Interfax in English
Dec 02

Moscow, 19 December: The Chinese air force and navy will have no less than 380 Su-27 and Su-30
heavy fighters thanks to the contracts that were signed before the end of this year. A deputy
director of the Centre for Analysis of Strategies and Technologies, Konstantin Makiyenko, made
this statement in a monograph on Russian-Chinese defence ties.

If the Chinese air force has not lost aircraft supplied from Russia, it will have no less than
124 Su-27/30 heavy fighters under contracts and assembled under licence by the end of 2002. They
will have 352 fighters (plus 28-40 Su-30 MKK in the Chinese navy) under all of the contracts
signed at present, the expert said.

Considering prospects for arms trade, the expert said China might buy an extra batch of training
combat planes or a new licence to produce 100-150 two-seat airframes for Su-30.

As the Chinese air force obtains warplanes, the accent will be shifted onto the purchase of means
of logistic support, mostly to be placed far from bases. These means include Il-76 landing and
cargo planes, Il-78 tanker aircraft, and A-50 long distance radar planes, the expert said.

老頭 　於　2002/12/19 21:46
Re:2002 年 11 月解放軍動態剪報

傳中共正在建造第二批052B型作戰艦艇
【中央社／香港19日電】
漢和情報評論今天向中央社提供的消息指出，烏克蘭於今年八月運交了新的兩台DN80 燃氣輪機給中國大陸，表明大陸正在計劃建造新一批052B 型的大型作戰艦艇，估計是兩艘艦艇。

漢和今天引述烏克蘭消息來源聲稱，目前大陸已經有兩艘052B型的大型驅逐艦在上海進入最後的武器測試階段，它們都超過六千噸，採用了烏克蘭生產的DN80燃氣輪機和俄羅斯部分武器系統。而第三艘052B 型驅逐艦的建造計劃也進行了一段時間，這是目前大陸海軍最為龐大的大型艦艇建造計劃，整個計劃首先考慮了隱形性的需要。

漢和情報評論認為，大陸兩艘052B型艦艇，將於明年進入海試階段。以目前陣容估計，在2010年前後，大陸海軍擁有六千噸以上的驅逐艦，至少達到十艘，即四艘「現代」、五艘「052B」及一艘「旅海」。