STAR WAR....EPISODE I

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Agent Toganator  於 2003/08/05 00:40
STAR WAR....EPISODE I

一擊必殺AEON環宇軍武網...............

2003-08-04

  據以色列《國土報》消息,以色列目前正在研製的三顆先進軍用衛星曝光。這三顆軍用衛星分別是Ofek-6、Ofek-7和雷達衛星TECHSAR,它們的主要用途是監視目標國家的活動並收集影像圖像情報。
  
  以色列國防部太空計劃主管哈伊姆教授透露說,這三顆衛星在2007年或2008年就可付諸使用。
  
  哈伊姆教授同時也是一位以色列國防軍准將,他有史以來第一次接受了媒體的採訪。他在採訪中透露說,Ofek-6是現役Ofek-5的改良型,而Ofek-7和TECHSAR則是技術更加先進的全新一代衛星。
  
  以色列將於今年年底將Amos-2通訊衛星發射送入太空。據悉以國國防部還在加緊腳步研製一種體積為Amos-2兩倍的軍用通訊衛星。
  
  哈伊姆說:“自伊拉克戰爭以來,人們逐漸認識到太空的優勢無可比擬,它在戰爭中佔據著極為重要的地位。我們已經接觸到了預算削減的底線,如果研究經費再被砍掉,那麼以色列的太空計劃很可能會受到損害。”
  
  哈伊姆稱,以色列的太空計劃在兩條路線上並進。一方面是研製能以各種波長攝影的衛星,用它們進行紅外拍照、超光譜彩照、三維拍照等,用來拼建地圖和雷達照片。另一方面是研製全新一代的小型(全重小於100kg)和微型(全重小於10kg)衛星。哈伊姆說:“我們的目標是讓這些小衛星具備當前那些大傢夥的全部功能。”
  
  與此同時,以色列軍備發展局正對利用F-15I戰鬥機發射衛星的技術進行攻克。據悉美國和俄羅斯都已經具備了用戰鬥機發射反衛星飛彈的能力。如果以色列攻克利用F-15I戰鬥機發射衛星的技術,將意味著以色列也會在不久後掌握用戰鬥機發射反衛星飛彈的能力。因為兩者使用技術相似。
  
  哈伊姆說:“以色列空軍將會具備發射總重100公斤衛星的能力,這些衛星的探測範圍完全可以覆蓋戰場。”他說這項技術會於五年之內成型。
  
  哈伊姆稱一年前發射的Ofek-5衛星表現相當傑出。他說:“除美國外,我們在照片解晰度和影像成像質量這兩項衛星技術上領先於其他任何國家。”
  
  以色列於20年前開始實施太空研究計劃,目前已經在這方面投資了20億美元。哈伊姆稱政府之所以看重太空計劃是出於戰略考慮,因為衛星攝影不違反任何國際法,可以在不侵犯其他國家領空的前提下獲得目標國活動的重要照片。


NO:133_1
Agent Toganator  於 2003/08/16 15:13
Re:STAR WAR....EPISODE I

一擊必殺AEON環宇軍武網...............

歐洲太空總署“探月計劃”將首次啟用太陽能離子發動機推進裝置
2003-08-16


歐洲太空總署原定於8月28日發射的第一枚月球探測航太器“SMART-1”由於“技術原因”最快也要延後至9月3日才能進行。據悉這是歐洲進行的第一次月球探索,並將首次啟用太陽能離子發動機作為推進裝置。

  據這次探月計劃項目總監丹麥理工大學教授約翰·萊夫·約根森介紹,這將是一次“全新的宇宙航行方式”,其裝備的太陽能離子發動機推進系統可能成為未來宇宙航行的主流。

  據丹麥《政治報》英文版14日報導,“SMART-1”是歐洲太空總署的第一枚月球探測器,為使宇宙太空研究成本更加低廉,該探測器全部由低成本、小型化的尖端技術組件構成,其中最引人注目的當屬其太陽能離子發動機電子推進系統。這一系統將太陽能轉化為電能,再通過電能電離惰性氣體原子,噴射出高速氙離子流,為探測器提供持續動力。

  這種新型的離子發動機被認為是未來太空飛行的最佳選擇。與傳統的化學燃料發動機相比,它利用燃料的效率要高10倍,但其目前的缺點與不足之處是--馬力不夠強勁,導致火箭將探測器發射升空後,需要16個月才能到達月球,不過由於它利用的是太陽能,所以可持續工作時間比傳統發動機要長得多。

  約根森介紹說:“如果這種方式成功,那就意味著我們可以在幾乎免費的情況下把探測器運送到太空。”

  “SMART-1”的主要任務是在太空測試其太陽能離子發動機推進系統,並從月球上取樣,了解月球岩石的構成。此外,它還將利用裝載的紅外影像探測器拍攝最為詳細的月球地理圖。


NO:133_2
Agent Toganator  於 2003/08/21 00:13
Re:STAR WAR....EPISODE I

昔日的赤熊帝國再展神威????∼2030火星核子強襲作戰計畫

http://www.defense-aerospace.com

Russia Plans To Build Nuclear Power Station On Mars


Russian scientists have announced plans to build a nuclear power station on Mars before 2030.

Technical drawings have apparently been completed, and the scientists will soon be ready to start work on constructing the power station, which is to be located in Mars?mountainous areas, possibly inside a canyon.

The plans foresee the power station serving a permanent research camp on Mars, which they believe could be set up within the next 30 years. The only problem, as far as the Russians are concerned, is how to transport the building blocks necessary for the power station to the Red Planet.

There is also, however, the issue of how to protect those building and running any power station or research base from radiation. US scientist Cary Zeitlin from the country𠏋 national space biomedical research institute spoke in March of how Mars is continuously bombarded by radiation from the galaxy at large as well as the Sun. Any astronauts orbiting Mars would be exposed to a radiation dose 2.5 times higher than that received in low Earth orbit aboard the international space station.

While little is known about radiation on the surface of Mars, it is possible that the planet𠏋 atmosphere would provide some form of shield. During the sporadic bursts of solar radiation, which are believed to last for more than a week at a time, astronauts would also have to remain inside a shelter.

-ends-


NO:133_3
VOR  於 2003/09/12 15:38
Re:STAR WAR....EPISODE I

http://www.aviationnow.com/avnow/news/channel_aerospacedaily_story.jsp?id=news/mis09103.xml

New Interceptor Missile May Face More Delays, DOD Says
By Marc Selinger
September 10, 2003

The Defense Department is urging Congress to reject proposed funding cuts for several major missile defense and military space programs, saying the reductions would cause significant delays for important new capabilities.

In an appeal to the House-Senate conference committee that hopes to write the final version of the fiscal 2004 defense appropriations bill by the end of September, DOD said the Senate-passed cut of $210 million in the Missile Defense Agencys $301 million request for the Kinetic Energy Interceptor (KEI) program would delay the fielding of a ground-based, boost-phase interceptor until 2012-2013 and prevent that capability from being transitioned to a sea-based configuration until 2014-2015.

MDA already has moved the fielding of the ground-based interceptor from 2008-2009 to 2010-2011 and the sea-based version from 2010-2011 to 2012-2013 because of technology challenges (DAILY, Sept. 2).

DOD said the Senate cut also would prevent MDA from picking a prime contractor in FY 04 to develop and test the ground- and sea-based interceptor. Lockheed Martin Corp. and Northrop Grumman Corp. are competing for the contract, which MDA hopes to award in December.

Lawmakers have questioned whether the new program needs such a relatively large amount of money. The House also cut the KEI request, by $151 million, though that reduction appears to be more in line with recent program changes already made by MDA.

In another appeal, DOD said the Senates $15.5 million cut in MDAs $300.2 million request for the Space Tracking and Surveillance System (STSS) would cause a three-month delay in the 2006-2007 launch of two satellites.

Although the cut matches a reduction approved by Senate defense authorizers, who viewed the $15.5 million as being for growth in program management funding (DAILY, July 14), DOD insisted the money is needed for integration and risk management of the satellites and for development of the STSS ground station. STSS is being developed to track enemy missiles.

In another appeal, DOD warned that House and Senate cuts in the Air Forces $439.4 million request for the Advanced Wideband System (AWS) would cause a delay of up to 12 months for the first satellite launch, currently slated for FY 10-11.

AWS sustained cuts of $150 million in the House and $90 million in the Senate, as lawmakers expressed concern that the communications system was being developed too quickly. But DOD said the Air Force addressed those concerns when it approved a less risky acquisition strategy in June, moving the first launch from late 2009 to FY 10-11.


NO:133_4
Agent Toganator  於 2003/12/18 12:21
Re:STAR WAR....EPISODE I

一擊必殺AEON環宇軍武網美帝軍武區...............

美國空軍XSS-11實驗型小衛星可能被用作反衛星武器
2003年12月18日

  美國國防資訊中心網站2003年12月12日消息:一位美國國防官員透露,美國空軍研究實驗室的實驗型小衛星XSS-11可能是一種反衛星武器。這種說法與美國空軍自己的說法大相徑庭,美國空軍聲稱XSS-11衛星的任務只是展示與其他衛星“交會和接近”的能力。

  美國空軍航太司令部副司令官丹﹒利夫表示,XSS-11衛星定於2004年11月發射,該衛星能夠控制相對位置和路徑,與其他衛星近距離同軌道運行或圍繞其他太空物體飛行。該衛星每天可以拍攝200張太空物體的照片,因而可以提高美國的太空態勢感知能力。

  一位不願意透露姓名的美國國防官員表示,由於XSS-11衛星的機動能力可被用於撞擊其他衛星,因此其(有潛力)可用作反衛星武器。


NO:133_5
helldog  於 2003/12/18 12:45
Re:STAR WAR....EPISODE I

>太陽能離子發動機電子推進系統。這一系統將太陽能轉化為電能,再通過電能電離惰性氣體原子,噴 >射出高速氙離子流,為探測器提供持續動力。
那請問惰性氣體的來源?衛星本身攜帶嗎??用離子引擎的好處是不用使用助燃氣體,但離子引擎加速慢.

NO:133_6
Agent Toganator  於 2003/12/18 12:58
Re:STAR WAR....EPISODE I

應該是自行攜帶......宇宙空間的真空程度到達平均一立方公尺只有一個氫原子的程度,不可能從外獲得

NO:133_7
TTSO  於 2003/12/18 16:28
Re:STAR WAR....EPISODE I

Deep Space 1 FAQ

How fast can DS1 go using ion propulsion and how long will it take for it to reach maximum speed? How does the amount of fuel required by an ion engine compare with the amount required by a chemical engine?
The ultimate speed of a spacecraft using ion thrust depends upon how much propellant it carries; indeed, the same principle applies to chemical propulsion systems, although they are much less efficient. The ion propulsion system on Deep Space 1 carries about 81.5 kilograms of xenon propellant, and it takes about 20 months of thrusting to use it all. It increases the speed of the spacecraft by about 4.5 kilometers per second, or about 10,000 miles per hour. If we had the same amount of chemical propellant, it would provide only one tenth as much velocity increment. If DS1 carried a larger solar array, it certainly would have a slightly higher acceleration, and if it carried more Xe propellant it could reach a much higher final velocity by simply thrusting longer. But DS1 is testing ion propulsion solely to find out if it works as well as predicted. Future missions that use it likely will carry more propellant to achieve still higher speeds.


NO:133_8
TTSO  於 2003/12/18 16:42
Re:STAR WAR....EPISODE I

太陽能離子發動機電子推進系統。這一系統將太陽能轉化為電能,再通過電能電離惰性氣體原子,噴 >出高速氙離子流,為探測器提供持續動力。
那請問惰性氣體的來源?衛星本身攜帶嗎??用離子引擎的好處是不用使用助燃氣體,但離子引擎加速慢.

Ion propulsion的好處其實不是不用帶助燃氣體,而是隨時間累加的specific impulse(推力x時間)
除了自己帶Xeon上去噴之外,還有另外一種是用太陽風向量推力的離子引擎: Mini-Magnetospheric Plasma Propulsion (M2P2),這東西很神奇,因為是利用磁場轉折太陽風來產生推力,理論上只要電夠愛飛多久飛多久


NO:133_9
TTSO  於 2003/12/18 16:50
Re:STAR WAR....EPISODE I

發現寫的其實有點寫錯
M2P2應該不能稱做[引擎],而該被稱做[隱形太陽風帆]
因為他本身並不噴東西來推,而是轉折太陽風來產生推力

(我又忘了加/font.. sorry)


NO:133_10
Agent Toganator  於 2003/12/19 01:01
Re:STAR WAR....EPISODE I

太陽帆啊..........幾年前有聽說歐美的太空飛行迷們有相約籌畫將自行設計製造的太陽帆送上太空,舉辦第一屆奔月杯太空最速傳說競賽,不過後來沒有下聞了.........

不久前的POPULAR SCIENCE月刊曾有一篇探討萬一未來慧星撞地球時,人類要如何救亡圖存的專文,除了派布魯斯威利帶核彈去捨命炸慧星,或是讓加州州長拿著雷射巨炮逞英雄外,太陽帆也是一個考量方案.......


NO:133_11
TTSO  於 2003/12/19 01:09
Re:STAR WAR....EPISODE I

前一陣子好像看到報導說第二架太陽帆實驗機在上軌道路程中失敗自爆,我去找找看在來跟大家報告
M2P2那東西是蠻神奇的啦...:)

NO:133_12
SANJYSAN  於 2003/12/19 17:11
Re:STAR WAR....EPISODE I

http://www.skyrocket.de/space/index_frame.htm?http://www.skyrocket.de/space/doc_sdat/xss-10.htm

XSS 10衛星,網址裡有圖片。很有趣的東西。從那個圖片看起來,很像是TMD、NMD計畫裡面的LEAP的彈頭....

28kg的重量,可以直接用ASAT發射,或是用Pegasus一箭十星上去。

這才是貨真價實的STAR WAR EPISODE I。只不知美國拿這個要跟誰打太空大戰。

附帶一提,這東西除了Anti-Sat外,如果大量預先部屬,比如說拿個架子一次裝十幾個,然後丟很多組上去的話,也可以拿來NMD,顯然就是80年代的brilliant probe的翻版。



NO:133_13
SANJYSAN  於 2003/12/19 17:12
Re:STAR WAR....EPISODE I

雷根的SDI悲願看來要成真了....

NO:133_14
TTSO  於 2003/12/19 19:21
Re:STAR WAR....EPISODE I

ASM-135A 反衛星彈
不過現在射XSS10的話應該要重新發展新的機載發射載具,ASM-135A應該已經太老舊了
(而且要在F-22彈艙尺寸限制內.. 這樣才猛...:p)

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