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NO:126_1
WILLIAM ¡@©ó¡@2003/08/01 09:39
Re:2003 ¦~ 8 ¤ë°ê»Ú·s»D¡]¨ä¥L¡^

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¡i2003/08/01 Áp¦X³ø¡j


NO:126_2
WILLIAM ¡@©ó¡@2003/08/01 15:20
Re:2003 ¦~ 8 ¤ë°ê»Ú·s»D¡]¨ä¥L¡^

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¥L»¡¡A§Y¨Ï¥¼¨Ó´X¦~¥xÆWªá·s¥x¹ô´X¤d»õ¤¸ÁʶR¬ü°êªºªøµ{¹wĵ¹p¹F¡B·R°êªÌ¤T«¬­¸¼uµ¥¨¾½Ã©ÊªZ¾¹¡Aªá³o»ò¦h¿ú¤´µMµL§U©ó¸Ñ¨M¨â©¤­x¤O¥¢¿Åªº°ÝÃD¡A¨Ï¥xÆW³B©ó®Á¥´ªº§½­±¡A¬ü°ê­n½æ³o»ò¦hªZ¾¹µ¹¥xÆW¡A¤£¦p½æµ¹¥xÆW¤@¨âÁû¾Ô©ò¨µ¤|­¸¼uÁÙ¤ñ¸û¦³¥Î¡C

¥L©IÆ~¡A¬ü°ê¦pªG§Æ±æºû«ù¨È¬w°Ï°ì¦w¥þ¡A´N¤£¯àÅý¥xÆW¤@ª½¯Ê¥F§ðÀ»©ÊªZ¾¹¡A¬ü°êÀ³¥¿µø¨â©¤­x¤O¥¢¿Åªº±¡§Î¡A¥X°â¾Ô²¤§ðÀ»©ÊªZ¾¹µ¹¥xÆW¡C

¡i2003/08/01 ¤¤¥¡ªÀ¡j


NO:126_3
Luke-Skywalker ¡@©ó¡@2003/08/01 20:34
Re:2003 ¦~ 8 ¤ë°ê»Ú·s»D¡]¨ä¥L¡^

http://news.yam.com/cna/international/news/200308/200308010123.html
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¬ü°ê©ó¤»¤ë¶¡¦¨¥ß³o¤ä¦W¬°´µ·ç§J®Èªº³Ì·s¾Ô°«³¡¶¤¡A¥¦ÁõÄÝ©ó²Ä¤G¨B§L©Ò²Ä¤T®È¡C³o¬O³o¤ä³¡¶¤¦¨¥ß¥H¨Ó¡A²Ä¤@¦¸¬£¤À¶¤¨ì®ü¥~¶i¦æ¹ê¾Ô°V½m¡C

¦b¤µ¦~¥ì©Ô§J¾Ôª§¤¤¡A¯SºØ³¡¶¤ÆF¬¡§Ö³tªº§@¾Ô«¬ºA¡A³þ©w¤F¬ü­x³t¾Ô³t¨Mªº°ò¦¡C¬ü°ê°ê¨¾³¡ªø­Û´µ´´¦h¦¸±j½Õ¡A§Ö³t§@¾Ô¯SºØ³¡¶¤¾Ö¦³§Ö³t³¡¸p¡BÆF¬¡¾÷°Ê¡B¤õ¤O±j¤jªº¯S¦â¡A±N¬O¥¼¨Ó¬ü­xªº¥D¤O¡C¥_Áú¤w¹ï¬ü°ê¬£¯SºØ³¡¶¤¨ì«nÁú¶i¦æ¹ê¾Ô°V½mªí¥Ü±j¯P¤£º¡¡A»{¬°³o¬O¬DÆ]¦æ¬°¡A¤]¬O¬ü°ê·Ç³Æ¹ï¥_Áúµo°Ê«I²¤ªº«e«µ¡C


NO:126_4
Luke-Skywalker ¡@©ó¡@2003/08/01 20:35
Re:2003 ¦~ 8 ¤ë°ê»Ú·s»D¡]¨ä¥L¡^

http://news.yam.com/cna/international/news/200308/200308010030.html
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¥L¤]»¡¡A¬ü°ê¸ò¤¤°ê¦b³\¦hijÃD¤W±K¤Á©¹¨Ó¡A¨ä¤¤¥]¬A¥x®ü©M¥_Áú°ÝÃD¡C¬ü°ê¦V¤¤¤èªí©ú¡A¥L­Ì¦b¥xÆW¹ï©¤§Ö³t¼W§L¡A¯S§O¬O¥[±j³¡¸p­¸¼u¡A¬O¤£§Q©ó¦w©wªº§@¬°¡A¦Ó¬ü°ê±N¼i¦æ¥xÆWÃö«Yªk©Ò½á¤©ªº¸q°È¡C¦ý³Á§J¹pÄõ»¡¡A¨â©¤ª[¨£³Ì¦n¥H©M¥­¹ï¸Ü¤è¦¡¸Ñ¨M¡A¦Ó¬ü°ê¹ªÀy¨â©¤´M¨D¹ï¸Ü¡C


NO:126_5
Luke-Skywalker ¡@©ó¡@2003/08/04 09:53
Re:2003 ¦~ 8 ¤ë°ê»Ú·s»D¡]¨ä¥L¡^

http://news.yam.com/cna/international/news/200308/200308020134.html
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«nÁú¥~¥æ³q°Ó³¡ÄݤUªº¥~¥æ¦w«O¬ã¨s°|©ó¥_Áú«Å§G±µ¯Ç¬ü°ê©Ò°í«ùªº¦hÃä·|½Í«á¡A¤µ¤Ñµoªí¡u¦³Ãö¸Ñ¨M¥_Áú®ÖÄa®×ªºÁú¬ü¤é¦@ÀÙ¤è¦V¡v³ø§i¤¤¡A´£¥X¤FÓV¸Ñ¥_Áú®Ö¦M¾÷ªº¤­¨B¦±¡C

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NO:126_6
VOR ¡@©ó¡@2003/08/05 02:59
Re:2003 ¦~ 8 ¤ë°ê»Ú·s»D¡]¨ä¥L¡^

American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc.;
Aerospace America

July, 2003

Pg. 4

Civil antimissile systems take wing

Philip Butterworth-Hayes, [email protected]

What its makers claim is the worlds first automated antimissile defense system for commercial aircraft is due to receive full certification by the end of this year. Flight Guard, a product of two Israeli companies, consists of an Elta radar to detect surface-to-air shoulder-launched missiles, and an Israeli Military Industries counter measures dispensing system.

The market for such systems could be huge.

In the U.S., legislators are considering arming all of the nations commercial aircraft with antimissile devices. At the start of the year, Sen. Barbara Boxer (D-Calif.) and Sen. Charles Schumer (D-N.Y.) sponsored a bill to require on-board missile defense systems on all U.S.-registered airliners. In April, Homeland Security Secretary Tom Ridge said the threat was so great that the government might have to consider paying for installing such devices on U.S. airliners.

But before a comprehensive antimissile system can be deployed worldwide, three key issues need to be resolved: Can the technology provide a real solution? Will the cost -- not just of initial fitting, but of maintenance, upgrades, and the resultant penalty in weight and drag -- be prohibitively expensive? And is international agreement on fitting such a system to airliners the world over feasible? No European authority contacted would comment on any plans to fit this type of equipment.

Sizing up the threat
Following a number of well-documented attacks on airliners by man-portable surface-to-air missiles (MANPADs), probably the biggest threat to civil aviation is currently perceived to be the Russian-made Kolomna Strela-2 and Strela-2M (NATO code name SA-7, or Grail) low-altitude surface-to-air missiles.

During its first deployment in the late 1960s, the SA-7 was an unreliable and limited weapon. It could engage targets only directly from behind and, with a fairly unrefined (1.7-2.8-mu m-wavelength) lead-sulphide seeker head, was liable to veer off course and head toward the Sun. But the Strela-2M, which began operations with the Soviet army in the early 1970s, was a substantial improvement, with a more sophisticated heat-seeker, a longer range (over 4 km), and a lower minimum effective altitude. Its more sophisticated seeker can filter out ground-radiated heat returns and allow for targeting at different angles.

The Strela-2M is widely available: Egypt, the former Yugoslavia, and China have produced their own versions, and licensed production has taken place widely in East Europe. An early version of an SA-7 missile can be bought for as little as $ 5,000 per unit, and thousands are currently in circulation. In Sri Lanka, the LTTE (Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam) have fired around 20 SA-7s at government aircraft, killing 179 people.

An additional potent threat comes from the Raytheon FIM-92A Stinger MANPADs that were obtained by rebel Mujahedeen groups fighting the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan during the 1980s.

But the good news is that downing a passenger jet with such a weapon may not be as simple as it seems -- as the failed November 2002 attacks on an Israeli airliner suggest. Following this incident -- in which two SA-7s were launched at an Arkia Airlines Boeing 757 on departure from Mombasa airport -- the White House formed a task force to recommend ways of countering the threat of portable missile launchers.

MANPAD weaknesses
There are many reasons why a MANPAD attack might fail. First, many are not simple fire and forget weapons. They are complex to operate, and some early versions entail extensive training in the use of the targeting system, which requires the operator to track the target while manually directing the missiles flight.

Second, as large amounts of cool air flow round the core of a modern high-bypass-ratio engine (which is heavily shrouded anyway), its heat signature is different from that of a fast jet or helicopter, for which weapons such as the SA-7 have been primarily designed.

Third, at short range -- on landing and takeoff, when the aircraft is traveling slowly and the target is large -- the operator has little time to correct the flight path of a missile that has flown off course.

Fourth, the warhead on a MANPAD is relatively small and may not inflict severe damage.

Countermeasures
Although passenger aircraft may not quite be the sitting ducks at first imagined, the less good news is that merely converting military antimissile systems to civil use does not provide a simple technical answer. There are several potential countermeasure technologies available -- small decoy flares, infrared jammers, high-powered lasers, chaff, and towed decoy targets -- but not all are suitable for civil aircraft applications. Most military countermeasures rely on dispensing at high speed various forms of chaff/IR decoy cartridges, combined with violent maneuvering. But dispensing chaff and burning flares directly over built-up areas near an airport while taking the aircraft to the limits of its performance envelope -- with only 10 seconds warning -- are not really feasible solutions.

Yet there are technologies available that could provide the basis for countering the threat. One is the directed infrared countermeasures (DIRCM) system, which uses a pulse or laser flash to confuse missile heat-seeking sensors. International agreement on the deployment of these systems is likely to be a complex business. Israel, which has pioneered many of the technologies, is seeking international cooperation to bring down production costs. But U.S. and European companies have systems of their own that could provide equally valid technical solutions.

The USAF launched its large aircraft IR countermeasure (LAIRCM) program in 1998 to develop a new generation of defensive systems for transport aircraft. This should increase crew-warning time, decrease false alarm rates, and automatically counter advanced IR missile systems. In October 2001, the Air Forces Material Command awarded Northrop Grumman a $ 66-million contract -- with production options totaling another $ 112 million -- to develop the system. The Air Force plans to install the LAIRCM equipment on a total of 20 Air Force C-130 and C-17 transport aircraft.

According to the company, The LAIRCM system uses staring missile warners to detect a launched MANPAD, then directs a pointer-tracker, which locks onto the missile in flight and jams the missiles guidance system with a beam of infrared energy. A conformal pod containing all of the elements of the LAIRCM system can be mounted on the belly of commercial aircraft and will provide complete protection from MANPAD threats. The system operates autonomously, with no action required of the flight crew.

There are commercial applications for such systems. According to Robert DelBoca, vice president of infrared countermeasure systems at Northrop Grumman, it would be possible to equip 300 U.S. airliners to fly internationally with LAIRCM for approximately $ 2 million per aircraft. If the government decided to equip significantly more than 300 planes, the cost per plane could drop to around $ 1 million per plane. For example, equipping approximately 3,000 aircraft of the U.S. domestic commercial aircraft fleet would cost approximately $ 3 billion and would require about six years to complete, he says.

Such technology is not confined solely to the U.S. and Israel. Since February 2001, U.K. military transports and helicopters have been equipped with a Northrop Grumman/BAE Systems DIRCM antimissile protection system. For its part, BAE Systems has developed the AN/ALQ-204 Matador Infrared Countermeasure (IRCM) for business and government aircraft. Matador uses an IR lamp that continuously flashes to confuse the missile IR seeker. It has been certified by the FAA and installed on seven Gulfstream business aircraft, with the IRCM system mounted in the tailcone of the aircraft.

Meanwhile, last last year Israels Rafael launched a DIRCM system for civil use called Britening, a development of the companys Aerogem system used on military helicopters and transport aircraft. This combines a processor, passive missile-warning system, and DIRCM -- which can also incorporate a chaff and flare dispensing system. According to the company, it can be programmed to focus on specific or evolving threats.

Sen. Boxer has suggested that equipping all 6,800 aircraft on the U.S. civil register with antimissile systems would cost as much as $ 10 billion -- or $ 1.47 million each; other estimates range from $ 1 million to $ 2 million apiece. But outside the U.S. and Israel, there appears to be little appetite for funding such esoteric technology, and most countries are waiting to see what legislation -- and technology -- will emerge to meet the threat.

GRAPHIC: Picture 1, Strela low-altitude surface-to-air missiles are currently considered to be the greatest threat to civil aviation;
Picture 2, Directed infrared countermeasures such as this Nemesis could provide the means for countering the threat to civil aircraft; Picture 3, Northrop Grumman was recently awarded a $ 66-million contract to develop this LAIRCM system.

-----
Aerospace America
July, 2003
Pg. 5

MANPAD attacks on civil aviation

November 2002. Terrorists fire two SA-7 missiles that narrowly miss an Israeli passenger jet following its takeoff from Mombasa, Kenya.

May 2002. Saudi security guards find a used missile-launcher tube about 2 mi. from a runway at the Prince Sultan Air Base, south of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

June 2001. In Angola, UNITA rebels try to bring down a U.N. World Food Program Boeing 727. The aircraft is damaged but lands safely.

November 1999. FARC (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionaries de Colombia) guerrillas shoot down a civil DC-3.

December 1999. UNITA rebels in Angola shoot down a U.N. C-130 transport, killing 14.

October 1998. A rebel-fired missile hits the engine of a CAL (Congo Airline) Boeing 727 with 40 people aboard, causing the plane to crash shortly after takeoff from Kindu.

December 1997. Five are killed when Kosovar UCK rebels shoot down a Yugoslav Air Transport plane near Pristina.

April 1994. Shootdown of a Falcon-50 carrying Juvenal Habyarimana and Cyprien Ntaryamira, presidents of Rwanda and Burundi, respectively.


NO:126_7
Luke-Skywalker ¡@©ó¡@2003/08/05 23:10
Re:2003 ¦~ 8 ¤ë°ê»Ú·s»D¡]¨ä¥L¡^

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NO:126_8
Luke-Skywalker ¡@©ó¡@2003/08/05 23:12
Re:2003 ¦~ 8 ¤ë°ê»Ú·s»D¡]¨ä¥L¡^

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NO:126_9
¬P¹Ð¦^¾Ð¿ý ¡@©ó¡@2003/08/06 11:41
Re:2003 ¦~ 8 ¤ë°ê»Ú·s»D¡]¨ä¥L¡^


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http://www2.chinesenewsnet.com/MainNews/NorthAmerica/2003_8_4_14_13_28_685.html
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NO:126_10
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http://udn.com/NEWS/WORLD/WOR1/1488670.shtml

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NO:126_11
VOR ¡@©ó¡@2003/08/07 16:38
Re:2003 ¦~ 8 ¤ë°ê»Ú·s»D¡]¨ä¥L¡^

http://www.cna.com.tw/
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NO:126_12
¿ß¿ß ¡@©ó¡@2003/08/07 23:21
Re:2003 ¦~ 8 ¤ë°ê»Ú·s»D¡]¨ä¥L¡^

http://hk.news.yahoo.com/030807/3/tg05.html


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NO:126_13
VOR ¡@©ó¡@2003/08/09 09:04
Re:2003 ¦~ 8 ¤ë°ê»Ú·s»D¡]¨ä¥L¡^

¦³½ìªº®ø®§¡\¨ú¦Û taiwanmilitary.org

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NO:126_14
ryan2181 ¡@©ó¡@2003/08/12 11:55
Re:2003 ¦~ 8 ¤ë°ê»Ú·s»D¡]¨ä¥L¡^

http://news.chinatimes.com/Chinatimes/newslist/newslist-content/0,3546,110104+112003081200579,00.html

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NO:126_15
VOR ¡@©ó¡@2003/08/15 00:57
Re:2003 ¦~ 8 ¤ë°ê»Ú·s»D¡]¨ä¥L¡^

http://www.cdnnews.com.tw/20030814/news/gjxw/100000002003081318404379.htm
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NO:126_16
Luke-Skywalker ¡@©ó¡@2003/08/19 19:13
Re:2003 ¦~ 8 ¤ë°ê»Ú·s»D¡]¨ä¥L¡^

http://news.yam.com/cna/international/news/200308/200308180293.html
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NO:126_17
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NO:126_18
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NO:126_19
Luke-Skywalker ¡@©ó¡@2003/08/22 12:14
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NO:126_20
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µØ©²¤H¤hªí¥Ü¡AºØºØ¸ñ¶HÅã¥Ü¡A·s¥[©Y½T¹ê¦Ò¼{¹L½Õ¾ã¡u¬P¥ú­p¹º¡v¡C¥HªÅ­x¬°¨Ò¡A¥xÆW¤G¥N¾÷¦¨­x«á¡A°ê­x¥»¨­ªº°V½mªÅ°ì©|¥B¨ü­­¡]¥~¶Ç¦Vµá«ß»«¬¢°ÓªÅ°ì¡^¡A·s¥[©YªÅ­x¦b¥xÆW¨ü°V´N§ó¨ü¼vÅT¤F¡C¬Û¹ïªº¡A´¿¦³³ø¾É»¡¡A¤¤¦@¤£Â_¦V·s¥[©Y©Û¤â¡A§Æ±æ·s¥[©Yµ²§ô»P¥xÆW¶¡ªº­x¨Æ¨Ó©¹¡A¦Ó¤¤¦@¥Ü¦nªº¤è¦¡¬O¡u´£¨Ñ®ü«n®q§@¬°·s¥[©Yªº°V½m°ò¦a¡v¡A°ß¦¹¤@³ø¾É¨Ã¥¼Àò±oÃÒ¹ê¡C


NO:126_22
¬P¹Ð¦^¾Ð¿ý ¡@©ó¡@2003/08/24 20:51
Re:2003 ¦~ 8 ¤ë°ê»Ú·s»D¡]¨ä¥L¡^

¦L«×ªZ¾¹¬ãµo¦A«×¥b³~¦Ó¼o.±µ¤U¨Ó¬O­þ¤@­Ó©O? LCA ?
-----------------------------------------------------
http://www.strategypage.com/fyeo/howtomakewar/default.asp?target=HTADA.HTM

India is canceling yet another twenty year old missile development project that proved too ambitious to work. The 25 kilometers range Akash missile is roughly equivalent to the American Patriot. Many delays, and unreliable performance of the missile system, have caused India to cancel the project. Like the shorter (five kilometers) range Trishul, which was cancelled last month, the Akash has had persistent problems with its fire control system. India will continue testing the prototypes of the Akash that it has, at least into 2004. But foreign missiles are now being examined. A Russian system stands a good chance of being bought, as Russian anti-aircraft missiles possess capable and reliable technology, and are relatively cheap.


NO:126_23
VOR ¡@©ó¡@2003/08/27 07:04
Re:2003 ¦~ 8 ¤ë°ê»Ú·s»D¡]¨ä¥L¡^

http://www.themoscowtimes.com/stories/2003/08/21/002.html
Thursday, Aug. 21, 2003. Page 1

Irkut and Yakovlev Are Tying The Knot

By Lyuba Pronina
Staff Writer ZHUKOVSKY AIRFIELD, Moscow Region -- NPK Irkut, the privately managed producer of Su-30 fighter jets, announced Wednesday that it will complete a merger with the Yakovlev design bureau within a year -- a deal that analysts said will give the government a run for its money in its plans to consolidate the mostly state-controlled defense industry.

It will be a merger of two stock holding companies with a transfer to a single share, which we will try to finalize within a year. Weve started the process already, Irkut president Alexei Fyodorov told a news conference at the 6th Moscow Aviation and Space Show.

Fyodorov said Irkut and Yakovlev are each controlled by private management.

Irkut vice president Valery Bezverkhny said his company is eager to take part in Yakovlevs project to build a Yak-130 combat trainer jet and that the merger is part of a strategy to bring aviation companies with viable projects under one roof.

Fyodorov said that up to a controlling stake in the merged company, which has yet to be named, may later be put up for sale to a group of investors.

He gave no financial details about the merger.

In addition to its main production facility in Irkutsk, the Irkut holding has grown in recent years to include controlling stakes in the Russkaya Avionika design bureau, which works on upgrades for fighter jets, and the TANTK Beriev design bureau, the developer of the Be-200 amphibious plane.

A successful private holding with progressive-minded management, Irkut is the darling of defense industry watchers who say it could serve as an example of industry-wide consolidation but also as a stick in the governments eyes.

Irkut, capitalizing on its lucrative export contracts for fighters, is quickly moving into civil aviation and is set to be the first Russian aviation company to tap international capital markets next year. It plans to raise $200 million by floating a 20 percent stake and issuing a eurobond.

The merger announced Wednesday is not likely to sit well with some government officials, who have been keeping a sharp eye on Irkut and other privately managed defense companies.

Last month, First Deputy Industry, Science and Technology Minister Alexander Brindikov took a stab at Irkut in a blistering attack on private businesses moving into the defense sector. He said private companies pose a threat to state security and would not be able to single-handedly save the powerful, cash-strapped industry.

The government wants to consolidate the aviation industry into two holdings by 2006. One of them would be AHC Sukhoi, which would unite the Sukhoi design bureau with two manufacturing plants in Novosibirsk and Komsomolsk-on-Amur and include the states 38 percent stake in TANKT Beriev and 14.7 percent stake in Irkut.

Fyodorov complained that there is mistrust from the government toward private companies in the defense sector and current legislation discriminates against them.

Industry officials have their doubts about the feasibility of the new state holdings, and Yakovlev design bureau chief Oleg Demchenko on Wednesday took a stab of his own at the state plan.

This is a real unification that is not done administratively but from the bottom, based on mutually viable projects, Demchenko said of the Irkut merger.

Yakovlev brings the Yak-130, which the air force picked last year as its new trainer jet, to Irkuts growing stable of aircraft. Yakovlev last month won a state tender to develop a short- to medium-range passenger jet, and it is a market leader in producing unmanned aircraft.

With Sukhoi, Yakovlev is taking part in the development of a fifth-generation fighter jet whose blueprint is to be finalized next year.

Fyodorov, who has been critical of the Sukhoi-led project, said Wednesday that he welcomed Yakovlevs participation as a subcontractor.

Irkut has a $3 billion contract on Su-30s for India and recently got a $900 million deal with Malaysia for the jets. It recently delivered its first Be-200 to the Emergency Situations Ministry, and is developing an MTA multipurpose transport plane together with Ilyushin and Indias Hindustan Aeronautics Limited.

Fyodorov said Irkut will continue working with Sukhoi on contracts for Su-30MKI fighters but in terms of assets, management structure and future merger plans, his holding is miles ahead of AHC Sukhoi.

Sukhoi chief Mikhail Pogosyan said Wednesday that he expects the AHC Sukhoi holding to be formed by the end of this year. He also said Sukhoi and Irkut will sign an agreement outlining future cooperation between the two holdings, but acknowledged that any hope of creating a single holding was far out of reach for the time being.

Maxim Pyadushkin, a defense analyst with the Center for Analysis of Strategies and Technologies, said Irkut may be playing it safe with the new merger.

By pooling more assets, Irkut might be protecting itself from government consolidation, he said. It will be a large, private successful company, and no one will dare to nationalize it.

He said the merger is a win-win deal. For Yakovlev, it will bring much-needed investment and Irkuts marketing muscle, while Irkut will get to tap into the fast-growing global market for unmanned aircraft, he said.

Irkut posted a profit of 344 million rubles on revenue of $540 million last year. Yakovlev, due to changes in taxation, turned a profit of 280 million rubles on revenue of 260 million rubles.

-----
RusData Dialine - Russian Press Digest
August 22, 2003

Jetfighter privatization

Mikhail Kukushkin

Vremya Novostey, No 155, p.1

The Russian government is going to privatize the MiG Corp.

The Russian Cabinet has included one of the countrys principal aircraft
makers MiG Corp. in the list of the state-owned enterprises eligible for
privatization in 2004. The news came as a surprise for the top managers of
the corporation as well as for many high-ranking officials - until recently
the internationally recognized Russian developer and producer of
jetfighters was listed among the enterprises privatization of which was
forbidden.

The document titled Plan of privatization of federal property for 2004 and
basic guidelines for privatization of federal property until 2006 was
posted yesterday on the official web site of the Russian Cabinet. The
document was approved by the official order of the Cabinet dated August 15
2003 and signed by the Prime Minister Mikhail Kasyanov. The document
stipulates for the privatization of 638 joint stock companies and 1080
federal state unitary enterprises. Enclosed with the document is the list
of the federal unitary enterprises to be privatized and the MiG Corp. is on
the list under the number 217. The corporation assets are estimated as of
January 1st 2003 1,652 billion rubles. The MiG Corp.s CEO Nikolay Nikitin
told Vremya Novostey that he knows nothing about the enterprises planned
privatization and that no one of the Cabinet officials has consulted with
him on this matter.

Vremya Novosteys source in the Cabinet said that the initiative to
privatize the MiG Corp. was most probably put forward by the deputy premier
Boris Alyoshin. In the sources opinion the aim of this plan is not to sell
the entire MiG complex to a private investor, but just to make it a joint
stock company, and keep the controlling stake in it in the governments
ownership. This could be the first step towards realizing Mr. Alyoshins
idea to create a single military aircraft maker in Russia.

In this case the part of the MiGs shares can still be sold to a private
investor. However the experts to whom the Vremya Novostey turned for
comments yesterday found it hard to predict who could buy these shares.


NO:126_24
Skycos ¡@©ó¡@2003/08/28 11:43
Re:2003 ¦~ 8 ¤ë°ê»Ú·s»D¡]¨ä¥L¡^

«Xù´µÀ³¹ï¬ü¤è¼ç¸¥ºÊ±± ¬£°»¹î¾÷ºÊ±±¬üÁúºt²ß

http://www4.chinesenewsnet.com/MainNews/Topics/zxs_2003-08-28_340258.html


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¡@¡@¦¹¦¸«Xù´µ¤Ó¥­¬vÄ¥¶¤ªº¾÷°Êºt²ß¤]¥]¬A«XªÅ­x©M«X­x¨ä¥¦³æ¦ì¡M¬O¦Û1991¦~«eĬÁp¸ÑÅé¥H¨Ó³Ì¤j³W¼Òªº¾÷°Êºt²ß¡C¨Ó¦ÛÁú°ê¡N¤é¥»ªºÄ¥¥u°Ñ¥[¤F¦¹¦¸ºt²ß¡C«X³qªÀ-¶ð´µªÀ´©¤Þ°ê¨¾³¡©x­ûºÙ¡M¬ü°ê¤]³QÁܽаѥ[¦¹¦¸ºt²ß¡M¦ý¾D¨ì¬ü¤è©Úµ´¡C»P¦¹¦P®É¡M¬ü°ê©MÁú°ê¤]¥¿¦bªþªñ®ü°ìÁ|¦æ¦~«×¡§¤w¤äµJ³z¡¨Áp¦Xºt²ß¡M¸Óºt²ß±N¤_29¤éµ²§ô¡C


NO:126_25
Skycos ¡@©ó¡@2003/08/28 11:44
Re:2003 ¦~ 8 ¤ë°ê»Ú·s»D¡]¨ä¥L¡^

«X»·ªF¦a°Ï¤j³W¼Ò­x¨Æºt²ßµ²§ô

http://www4.chinesenewsnet.com/MainNews/NorthAmerica/082720032154L:445990365.htm


·sµØªÀ²ö´µ¬ì¢·¤ë¢±¢¶¤é¹q¡]°OªÌ³¢«Ø°ê¡^¬°´Á¢°¢¯¤Ñªº«Xù´µ»·ªF¦a°Ï¤j³W¼Ò­x¨Æºt²ß¢±¢¶¤éµ²§ô¡C°Ñ¥[ºt²ßªº«Xù´µ³¡¶¤´N¥´À»®£©Æ¥D¸q©M³c¬r¬¡°Ê¡B´£°ª«OÅ@¥Íª«¸ê·½©M¯è¹B¦w¥þªº¯à¤Oµ¥¶i¦æ¤Fºt½m¡C


³o¬O«Xù´µ¢°¢¯¦h¦~¨Ó¦b»·ªF¦a°ÏÁ|¦æªº³Ì¤j³W¼Òªº­x¨Æºt²ß¡C«X®ü­x¤Ó¥­¬vÄ¥¶¤¡B»·ªF­x°Ï¡B»·µ{ªÅ­x¥H¤Î¤º°È³¡¡Bºò«æ±¡ªp³¡¡B¥æ³q³¡¡B¦w¥þ§½µ¥¢°¢µ­Ó³¡ªù©M»·ªF¢³­ÓÃäæ°Ï¡B¦{ªº¢µ¢´¿´¤ô­±Ä¥¸¥¡B¥]¬A¢´¿´®Ö¼ç¸¥¦b¤ºªº¢¶¿´¼ç¸¥¡B¢¶¢±¬[­¸¾÷©Mª½¤É¾÷¡Bªñ¢¶¸U¦W­x¤H©M¤å¾±M®a°Ñ¥[¤Fºt²ß¡C

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®wù­C¦h¤ÒÁÙ³zÅS¡A«X¦bºt²ß¤¤²Ä¤@¦¸¨Ï¥Î¤F»·ªF¦a°Ï²Î¤@ªº¤ô¤W¡B¤ô¤U©MªÅ¤¤½Ã¬PºÊ´ú¨t²Î¡C¥L»¡¡A³Ìªñ¢°¢¶¦~¨Ó¡A¤Ó¥­¬vÄ¥¶¤ªºÄ¥¸¥¼Æ¶q±q¢³¢´¢±¿´´î¤Ö¨ì¢·¢µ¿´¡C¥Ø«e®ü­x¥¿¦b¿n·¥¹ê¬I«Ø³y·sÄ¥¸¥ªº­p¹º¡C·s¾ÔÄ¥±N²Å¦X²{¥N¤Æªº­n¨D¡A¨ã³ÆÁô½ª©Ê¯à±j©M¦h¥\¯àªº¯SÂI¡C«X®ü­xÄ¥¶¤À³¯à°÷¦b¥@¬É¥ô¦ó®ü°ì®Â½Ã«Xù´µªº°ê®a§Q¯q¡C

¤Ï®£¬O³o¦¸ºt²ßªº¤@­Ó¬ð¥X­«ÂI¡C³\¦hºt²ß¤è®×³£¬O°w¹ï®£©Æ¤À¤l¹ï¹q¤O¡B¥Ûªo¤ÑµM®ð¡BÅK¸ô¡B¾ô±ç¡B´ä¤fµ¥³]¬I·d¯}Ãa¬¡°Ê¦Ó³]­pªº¡C

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NO:126_26
kidd ¡@©ó¡@2003/08/30 00:12
Re:2003 ¦~ 8 ¤ë°ê»Ú·s»D¡]¨ä¥L¡^

http://www.cna.com.tw/perl/cipread_mp.cgi?id=200308290483

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NO:126_27
¬P¹Ð¦^¾Ð¿ý ¡@©ó¡@2003/08/30 04:02
Re:2003 ¦~ 8 ¤ë°ê»Ú·s»D¡]¨ä¥L¡^

http://195.154.204.115/cgi-bin/client/modele.pl?session=dae.1582.1058814093&modele;=jdc_34

Northrop Grumman/Government Team Shapes Aviation History With Sonic Boom Tests


(Source : Northrop Grumman ; issued Aug. 28, 2003)


EL SEGUNDO, Calif. --- Northrop Grumman Corporations Integrated Systems sector, in cooperation with the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and NASA, has made aviation history by demonstrating a method to reduce the bone-jarring impact of sonic booms, a technology that could usher in a new era of supersonic flight.

In flights conducted Aug. 27 on the same supersonic test range where Chuck Yeager first broke the sound barrier nearly 56 years ago, the government/industry team showed that modifying an aircrafts shape can reduce the intensity of its sonic boom. This theory had never been demonstrated in actual flight.

The technology, being developed as part of DARPAs Quiet Supersonic Platform (QSP) program, could eventually lead to unrestricted supersonic flight over land.

¡§During this centennial year of manned flight, Northrop Grumman has demonstrated once again that it remains on the cutting edge of technical innovation,¡¨ said Charles Boccadoro, Northrop Grummans QSP program manager. ¡§This theory had been demonstrated only in laboratories and wind tunnels. It took a cooperative effort of government and industry to achieve this breakthrough.¡¨

An aircraft traveling through the atmosphere continuously produces air-pressure waves similar to waves created by the bow of a ship. When the aircraft exceeds the speed of sound (approximately 750 mph at sea level), the pressure waves combine to form shock waves, which are heard as a sonic boom when they reach the ground.

The flights were conducted at the NASA Dryden Flight Research Center at Edwards Air Force Base, Calif. An F-5E aircraft with a specially modified nose section flew supersonically through the test range, and sensors on the ground and in other aircraft measured the sonic boom overpressure. Shortly thereafter, an unmodified F-5E flew supersonically through the same airspace. The data comparison of the two aircraft signatures clearly showed a reduction in intensity of the sonic boom produced by the F-5E with a modified fuselage. An identical test later in the day confirmed these results.

¡§The demonstration has proven the theory that you can reduce sonic boom intensity by changing aircraft shape, and engineers will be able to study the data to learn more about the effects of aircraft shaping on sonic overpressure,¡¨ said Boccadoro. ¡§Based on those studies, an experimental aircraft could eventually be built that will produce a noticeably quieter sonic boom.¡¨

The Shaped Sonic Boom Demonstration (SSBD) program is a $7 million cooperative agreement with Northrop Grumman, DARPA and NASAs Langley Research Center and Dryden Flight Research Center. Other government and industry entities are participating in the program.

The F-5Es modifications, which were designed and installed by Northrop Grumman, include a specially shaped ¡§nose glove¡¨ and the addition of aluminum substructure and a composite skin to the underside of the fuselage. The U.S. Navys Naval Air Systems Command provided the F-5E aircraft.

Northrop Grummans SSBD team includes Wyle Laboratories, El Segundo, and Eagle Aeronautics, Hampton, Va. Also participating in the SSBD program are General Electric Co., Lockheed Martin Corp. and The Boeing Co. General Electric provided technical assistance with the aircraft engines, Lockheed Martin supplied ground-based sensors and Boeing provided a T-38 chase aircraft for the initial F-5E envelope expansion flights.

DARPA¡¦s QSP program is an effort to identify and mature technologies that could allow military and business aircraft to operate with reduced sonic boom. Northrop Grumman Integrated Systems has been working under contract with the QSP program since 2000 at its Advanced Systems Development Center in El Segundo. As part of that work, the company has designed a long-range supersonic military aircraft and validated key integration technologies associated with that design.

Northrop Grumman Integrated Systems, based in El Segundo, is a premier aerospace and defense systems integration enterprise. As one of Northrop Grumman Corporations seven sectors, it designs, develops, produces and supports network-enabled integrated systems and subsystems for U.S. government, civil and international customers. Integrated Systems delivers best-value solutions, products and services that support military missions in the areas of intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance; battle management command and control; and integrated strike warfare.



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